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Stalk cutting mechanism of no-tillage planter for wide/narrow row farming mode

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第2期10卷 26-35页

作者： Jia Honglei Jiang Xinming Yuan Hongfang Zhuang Jian Zhao Jiale Guo Mingzhuo College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

A no-tillage planter of narrow row spacing was designed according to the agronomic requirements of wide/narrow row farming mode in the black soil region of Northeast *** to the narrow spacing of the seeder unit,a gear-tooth stalk cutting mechanism was designed in order to prevent residues from blocking the *** basic parameters,number and edge curve of the stalk cutting blade were designed and ***-factor and three-level combined orthogonal experiments were conducted using the factors of working speed(1.12 m/s,1.57 m/s and 2.02 m/s),tillage depth(75 mm,90 mm and 105 mm)and cutter spacing(15 mm,30 mm and 45 mm),which significantly affected stalk cutting rate and soil disturbance *** optimal combination is the working speed of 1.62 m/s,tillage depth of 92 mm and cutter spacing of 35 *** this condition,the stalk cutting rate is more than 90%and soil disturbance rate is 7.5%-12.0%.The performance of the new no-tillage planter was tested by using the above *** results showed that the no-tillage planter of narrow row spacing came up to the relevant national standards in China.

关键词： conservation tillage no-tillage planter wide/narrow row farming stalk cutting mechanism soil disturbance rate direct sowing corn Northeast China

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Cultivation Systems Using Vegetation Cover Improves Sustainable Production and Nutritional Quality of New Rice for Africa in the Tropics

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Rice science 2018年第5期25卷 286-292页

作者： Pierre Popice Kenmogne NUEMSI Libert Brice TONFACK Judith Mbogne TABOULA Bilal Ahmad MIR Moise Roger Baleba MBANGA Godswill Ntsomboh NTSEFONG Carine Nono TEMEGNE Emmanuel YOUMBI Plant Physiology and Improvement Unit Laboratory of Biotechnology and Environment Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I P.O. Box 812 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Botany University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar 190006 India Pesticide Residue Monitoring Unit Food Quality Control Laboratory Food and Nutrition Research Center Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation P.O. Box 13033 Yaounde Cameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development-Specialized Centre for Oil Palm Research Dibamba P.O. Box 243 Douala Cameroon

Little is known about the impact of direct sowing under vegetation cover on the production and quality of New Rice for Africa （NERICA） on poor oxisol. In this study, two NERICA varieties （NERICA 3 and NERICA 8） were grown under tropical oxisol soil with very low nutrient contents. Four cultivation systems were used in completely randomized block design, including plowing （control）, unplowed soil with dead vegetation cover （DVC）, unplowed soil with live vegetation cover （LVC） and unplowed soil with mixed vegetation cover （MVC）. DVC significantly improved the exponential growth of NERICAs. NERICA 3 was the more productive （2.16–3.05 t/hm2） compared with NERICA 8 （0.71–1.21 t/hm2）. Cultivation systems improved the nutritional quality of NERICAs. The total protein content of NERICA 3 under DVC and MVC was 84.8% and 75.0% higher than control, respectively. The total soluble carbohydrate contents of NERICA 8 under LVC and MVC was 73.2% and 57.3% higher than control, respectively. These results suggested that conservative approach like direct sowing on unplowed soil with vegetation cover systems can improve the nutritional quality of rainfed NERICAs and their sustainable production under poor oxisol soil in sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： direct sowing sustainable production nutritional quality rice vegetation cover yield protein soluble carbohydrate content The world’s population will hit 9 billion by 2050 (Dubois 400 000 t in 2016 to 800 000 t by 2030 (Thirze 2016). To

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