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Prevention of pelvic radiation disease

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2015年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： Lorenzo Fuccio Leonardo Frazzoni Alessandra Guido Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Division of Radiation Oncology S.OrsolaMalpighi Hospital University of Bologna

Pelvic cancers are among the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Treatment of patients requires a multidisciplinary approach that frequently includes radiotherapy. Gastrointestinal(GI) radiation-induced toxicity is a major complication and the transient or long-term problems, ranging from mild to very severe, arising in non-cancerous tissues resulting from radiation treatment to a tumor of pelvic origin, are actually called as pelvic radiation disease. The incidence of pelvic radiation disease changes according to the radiation technique, the length of follow up, the assessmentmethod, the type and stage of cancer and several other variables. Notably, even with the most recent radiation techniques, i.e., intensity-modulated radiotherapy, the incidence of radiation-induced GI side effects is overall reduced but still not negligible. In addition, radiation-induced GI side effects can develop even after several decades; therefore, the improvement of patient life expectancy will unavoidably increase the risk of developing radiation-induced complications. Once developed, the management of pelvic radiation disease may be challenging. Therefore, the prevention of radiation-induced toxicity represents a reasonable way to avoid a dramatic drop of the quality of life of these patients. In the current manuscript we provide an updated and practical review on the best available evidences in the field of the prevention of pelvic radiation disease.

关键词： Pelvic radiation disease Radiotherapy Gastrointestinal toxicity Amifostine Aminosalicylates Sucralfate Beclomethasone dipropionate Probiotics supplementation Misoprostol Mesalazine

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