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Effects of different levels of sweet potato in feeds on body composition and digestive enzymes activities of A postichopus japonicas Selenka

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第5期36卷 1835-1842页

作者： ZHAO Bin HU Wei LI Chenglin HAN Sha XU Tao Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province Qingdao 266104China Shandong Province Fisheries Technology Extension Station Jinan 250013China Homey Foods Co.Ltd. Weihai 264305China

The aim of this study was to test the ef fects of including sweet potato tuber and stem powder in feed on the body composition and digestive enzyme activities of the sea cucumber A postichopus japonicas Selenka. Dif ferent proportions of sweet potato tuber and stem powders(from 10% to 50%) were added into compound feeds, which were supplied to A. japonicas during a 60-day experiment. The results showed that the two sweet potato ingredients had different eff ects on the nutrient contents of the sea cucumber body wall. The group supplied with feed containing 20% sweet potato tuber powder(T2) had the highest level of crude protein in body walls(P 0.05). In all the groups fed with powdered sweet potato tubers(T groups), the proportions of glutamic acid and lysine in body walls were higher than those in the control, whereas the proportion of methionine decreased slightly. Diff erent proportions of sweet potato ingredients in compound feeds also af fected digestive enzyme activities in the sea cucumbers. The activities of protease and lipase first increased and then gradually decreased with increasing proportions of sweet potato materials in the feed. The highest protease activity was in the T2 and the group and the highest lipase activity was in the 10% sweet potato stem(S1) group. These results show that feed components can stimulate digestive enzyme activities in sea cucumber, and that the proportions of tubers and stems of sweet potato in feed can be adjusted to improve the digestion and growth of A. japonicas in marine farms.

关键词： Apostichopus japonicas Selenka sweet potato body composition digestive enzymes

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The Study on the Effects of Chinese Herbal Mixtures on Growth,Activity of Post-Ruminal digestive enzymes and Serum Antioxidant Status of Beef Cattle

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第3期10卷 448-455页

作者： WANG Hong-fang YANG Wei-ren WANG Yu-xi YANG Zai-bin CUI Yong-hua DepartmentofAnimalSciencesandTechnology ShandongAgriculturalUniversityTai’an271018P．R．China Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research Centre Lethbridge AB P.O.Box 3000 Canada

Sixteen Limousin×Luxi crossbred beef cattle [（199.4±8.67） kg] were used to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures （CHM） on growth, activities of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle. Treatments were control （no CHM supplementation） and three formulations of CHM （CHM-A, CHM-B and CHM-C） that were arranged as completely randomized design. The calves were fed in indoor individual feeding barn with total mixed ration for 90 d. The CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C was incorporated into the diet at the level of 20 g kg-1 DM （dry matter） of concentrate. The cattle were weighted at the beginning, at the end and every 15 d between to determine growth rate. Blood sample was taken every 30 d to analyze activities of total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-PX） and concentration of malondialdehyde （MDA）. The cattle were slaughtered at the end of experiment and chymus samples from various section of the post-ruminal digestive tract were collected to analyze enzymes activities. All cattle had similar average daily gain, but cattle supplemented with CHM-A tended faster growth （P=0.08） compared to the control and other CHM treatments. Supplementation of CHM did not affect pH of chymus in any section of the post-ruminal digestive tract. Activities of pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase in chymus samples were enhanced （P0.05） to various extents by supplementation of CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C depending on the enzymes and the site of the digestive tract. Amylase activity was increased only by CHM-A and CHM-C from chymus sample collected at the ileum. Supplementation of CHM-A and CHM-B reduced （P0.05） concentration of MDA, but did not affect GSH-PX activity in the serum of cattle throughout the entire experimental period. Cattle supplemented with CHM-B also had higher （P0.05） T-SOD activity in the serum at day 30 and 60 as compared with the control and the other two CHM treatments. Chinese herbal mixtures supplemented a

关键词： Chinese herbal mixture cattle growth digestive enzymes antioxidant status

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Co-localization hypothesis:A mechanism for the intrapancreatic activation of digestive enzymes during the early phases of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第13期12卷 1985-1990页

作者： Gijs JD van Acker George Perides Michael L Steer Department of Surgery and the Boston Pancreas Group Tufts-New England Medical Center 860 Washington StreetBostonMA 02111United States

Acute pancreatitis is generally believed to be a disease in which the pancreas is injured by digestive enzymes that it normally produces. Most of the potentially harmful digestive enzymes produced by pancreatic acinar cells are synthesized and secreted as inactive zymogens which are normally activated only upon entry into the duodenum but, during the early stages of acute pancreatitis, those zymogens become prematurely activated within the pancreas and, presumably, that activation occurs within pancreatic acinar cells. The mechanisms responsible for intracellular activation of digestive enzyme zymogens have not been elucidated with certainty but, according to one widely recognized theory （the ＂co-localization hypothesis＂）, digestive enzyme zymogens are activated by lysosomal hydrolases when the two types of enzymes become co-localized within the same intracellular compartment. This review focuses on the evidence supporting the validity of the m-localization hypothesis as an explanation for digestive enzyme activation during the early stages of pancreatitis. The findings, summarized in this review, support the conclusion that co-localization of lysosomal hydrolases with digestive enzyme zymogens plays a critical role in permitting the intracellular activation of digestive enzymes that leads to acinar cell injury and pancreatitis.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis digestive enzymes Pancreatic acinar cells

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Senna petersiana inhibits key digestive enzymes and modulates dysfunctional enzyme activities in oxidative pancreatic injury

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第7期12卷 300-311页

作者： Kolawole A.Olofinsan Ochuko L.Erukainure Nontokozo Z.Msomi Md.Shahidul Islam Department of Biochemistry University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusDurban 4000South Africa Department of Pharmacology University of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Senna petersiana leaf extracts on key digestive enzymes and FeSO_(4)-induced oxidative ***:Dried Senna petersiana leaf powder(60 g)was defatted in n-hexane and then extracted sequentially at room temperature with dichloromethane,methanol,and distilled *** total phytochemical content of the extracts was estimated using established *** in vitro antioxidant,anti-lipase,and antidiabetic activities and the effect of the extracts on intestinal glucose absorption and FeSO_(4)-induced pancreatic oxidative injury were determined using different ***,GC-MS analysis was performed to identify the main compounds of the plant *** docking analysis was also carried out to evaluate the binding energy of compounds with digestive ***:Senna petersiana leaf extracts showed significant antioxidant activities in FRAP,DPPH,and hydroxyl radical scavenging *** also inhibited pancreatic lipase and lowered intestinal glucose absorption by suppressing activities ofα-amylase andα-*** with the extracts also lowered lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde),nitric oxide level,acetylcholinesterase,and ATPase activities with simultaneous improvement of antioxidant(catalase,superoxide dismutase,glutathione)capacity in the type 2 diabetes model of oxidative pancreatic ***-MS characterization of the extracts revealed the presence of stilbenoids,alkaloids,and other *** docking screening assay indicated the extract phytochemicals showed strong interaction with the active site amino acids of the targeted digestive *** the Senna petersiana compounds,veratramine had the highest affinity forα-amylase and lipase,whereas dihydrostilbestrol was most attracted toα-***:Senna petersiana inhibits carbohydrate digestive enzymes,reduces intestinal glucose absorption,and exerts ameliorative effects on FeSO_(4)-induced oxidative pancreatic injury wi

关键词： Senna petersiana Antioxidant digestive enzymes Oxidative pancreatic injury Type 2 diabetes

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Growth rate,body composition, digestive enzymes and transaminase activities,and plasma ammonia concentration of different weight Jian carp(Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第4期1卷 373-377页

作者： Jun Jiang Lin Feng Ling Tang Yang Liu Weidan Jiang Xiaoqiu Zhou College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Academy of Animal Science

The present study investigated the effect of body weight on body composition, digestive and absorptive capacity, transaminase activities in hepatopancreas and muscle, and plasma ammonia concentration of Jian carp(Cyprinus carpio ***). A total of 750 Jian carps(18.0 ± 0.2 g) were randomly distributed into five groups with three replicates and fed the same diet for 56 days. Tissue and plasma samples were collected on days 14, 28,42, and 56. The results were used to develop a mathematical model for specific growth rate, body moisture and fat content, aspartate transaminase activity and alanine aminotransferase activity in hepatopancreas and muscle, plasma ammonia concentration, and trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, and amylase activities in hepatopancreas and intestine, activities of creatine kinase, Na^+/K^+-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in intestine in Jian carp. There were linear relationships between natural logarithms of above indexes and body weight. The body moisture and fat content, digestive and absorptive enzymes activities, and transaminase activities showed negative allometry against body weight of Jian carp which were partial reasons to explain fish growth rate decreasing.

关键词： Allometry Body weight digestive enzymes Jian carp Plasma ammonia concentration Transaminase

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Effects of Using Exogenous digestive enzymes or Natural Enhancer Mixture on Growth, Feed Utilization, and Body Composition of Rabbitfish, Siganus rivulatus

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第3期4卷 180-187页

作者： Mahmoud A. O. Dawood Ashraf El-Dakar Mohamed Mohsen Elsayed Abdelraouf Shunsuke Koshio Manabu Ishikawa Saichiro Yokoyama Animal Production Department Faculty of Agriculture Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh 33516 Egypt Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition Faculty of Fisheries Kagoshima University Shimoarata 4-50-20 Japan Fish Resources and Aquaculture Department Suez Canal University El-Arish 43511 Egypt

This study was conducted to study the effects of a commercial exogenous digestive enzymes （EDE） containing cellulases, xylanases, u-amylase and proteases from anaerobic bacterium and natural enhancer mixture （NEM） containing allicin, high unit hydrolytic enzyme, Bacillus subtilis spores and ginseng extracts on survival, growth, carcass composition and feed cost/benefit in rabbitfish, Siganus rivulatus. Nine net cages （100 cm × 100 cm × 40 cm; L ×W ×H） were stocked with 10 juvenile rabbitfish （1.1 g per fish） each and placed in a large rectangular tank and offered feed at 4% body weight daily. Three replicates per treatment were offered three isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets, control and two supplemented diets with EDE or NEM at 2 g/kg diet for 74 days. Fish in all cages were weighed at two-week intervals and feed regimen was adjusted accordingly. Rabbitfish offered the control diet exhibited lower growth significantly （P 〈 0.05） and feed utilization than the other two experimental treatments. Experimental diet supplemented with NEM recorded the highest growth performance, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, net protein utilization and energy retention significantly （P 〈 0.05） than the other two tested groups. Carcass composition and somatic parameters index was not affected by dietary EDE or NEM inclusion. Ultimately, when all variables are considered, EDE and NEM inclusion to diets appears to reduce feed cost per unit growth of rabbitfish.

关键词： Probiotic digestive enzymes growth feed utilization Siganus rivulatus.

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Effect of Using Baker＇s Yeast and Exogenous digestive enzymes as Growth Promoters on Growth, Feed Utilization and Hematological Indices of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第1期2卷 15-28页

作者： Ashraf Mohamed Abdelsamee Goda Hafez Abdel-Hamid Hassan Mabrouk Mohamed Abd EI-Hamid Wafa Tarek Mohamed E1-Afifi National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries （NIOF） Fish Nutrition Laboratory Cairo 24135 Egypt Regional Center for Foods and feeds Agriculture Research Center Ministry of Agriculture Cairo 24135 Egypt

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of baker yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae （SC） and exogenous digestive enzymes （pepsin, papain and a-amylase, EDE） dietary supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization and hematological indices of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. A total of 630 Nile tilapia fingerlings with an average body weight of 26.4 ± 0.2 g were divided in the seven experimental net-pen treatments （three replicates each）. The experiment was conducted for 119 days. Seven isonitrogenous （26.50%） digestible protein and isocaloric （13.40 MJ kgl） digestible energy experimental diets were formulated. The control diet had no SC and EDE added. Diets 2-3 each contained SC at levels of 2 and 4 g 100 g diet-t, respectively, while diets 4-5 each contained EDE at levels of （0.64, 1.28, 0.16） and （1.28, 2.56, 0.32） g 100 gdiefI of pepsin, papain and a-amylase, respectively. Diet 6 contained mixture of SC and EDE at levels of 1 g yeast and 0.32, 0.64, 0.08 g of pepsin, papain and a-amylase, respectively 100 gdiet1 and diet D7 contained 2 g yeast and 0.64, 1.28, 0.16 g of pepsin, papain and a-amylase, respectively 100 g dietl. Growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of Nile tilapia were significantly （P 〈 0.05） higher in all treatments receiving SC and/or EDE supplemented-diets than the control diet which suggests that the addition of SC and EDE enhanced the growth performance. Red blood cells counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin were significantly （P 〈 0.05） highest in all treatments receiving mixture of SC and EDE supplemented-diets （D6 ＋ D7）. The same trend was observed for total plasma protein and total plasma globulin levels. The results of present study suggested that Nile tilapia fingerlings fed diets containing the mixture of I g yeast, SC and 0.32, 0.64, 0.08 g of pepsin, papain and a-amylase, respectively 100 gdiet^-1, for 119 days had enhanced growth performance, diet utilization efficiency and hematological ind

关键词： Baker yeast digestive enzymes growth feed utilization hematological indices Nile tilapia.

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Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest,Spodoptera frugiperda

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 611-626页

作者： Muhammad Hafeez Xiao-Wei Li Jin-Ming Zhang Zhi-Jun Zhang Jun Huang Li-Kun Wang Muhammad Musa Khan Sakhawat Shah G.Mandela Fernandez-Grandon Yao-Bin Lu State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Plant Protection and MicrobiologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application Guangzhou510642China Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChathamMaritimeKentME44TBUK

The evolutionary success of phytophagous insects depends on their ability toefficiently exploit plants as a source of energy for *** insects largelydepend on the efficiency,flexibility,and diversity of their digestive physiology and sophistication of their detoxification system to use chemically diverse host plants as *** fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda(***),is a polyphagous pest ofmany commercially important *** elucidate the ability of this insect pest to adaptto host plant mechanisms,we evaluated the impact of primary(corn)and alternate(rice)host plants after 1l generations on gut digestive enzymatic activity and expression profiles of related *** indicated that the total protease and classspecific trypsinand chymotrypsinlike protease activity of *** significantly differed among hostplant *** classspecifiq protease profiles greatly differed in *** upon larval exposure to different treatments with inhibitors compared with treatments without ***,the single and cumulative effects of the enzymespecific inhibitors TLCK,TPCK,and E64 significantly increased larval mortality and reduced larval growth/mass across different plant ***,the quantitativereverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results revealed increased transcription oftwo trypsin(SfTry3,SfTry7)and one chymotrypsin gene(Sfchym9),which indicatedthat they have roles in host plant *** of these genes resulted in significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of the trypsin *** was related to theincreased mortality observed in treatments compared with the dsRED *** resultindicates possible roles of *** gut digestive enzymes and related genes in hostplant adaptation.

关键词： digestive enzymes gene expression host plant adaptation RNA interference Spodoptera frugiperda

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Effects of water-borne copper on digestive and metabolic enzymes of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Effects of water-borne copper on digestive and metabolic enz...

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中国海洋湖沼学会第九次全国会员代表大会暨学术研讨会

作者： Na Li Yunlong Zhao Jian Yang (1.School of Life Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,People’s Republic of China 2.Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,People’s Republic of China)

The aim of present study was to evaluate the potential utility of enzyme parameters as indicators of water-borne copper (Cu) contamination in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium *** of the digestive enzymes of tryptase,pepsin,cellulase, amylase,and metabolic enzymes of alkaline phosphatase (AKP),acid phosphatase (ACP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were measured in the

关键词： digestive enzymes Metabolic enzymes Copper Macrobrachium rosenbergii

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Mercury (Hg^(2+)) effect on enzyme activities and hepatopancreas histostructures of juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第3期28卷 427-434页

作者：赵艳民王新华秦延文郑丙辉 College of Life Sciences Nankai University River and Coastal Environmental Research Center Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

We studied the effects of mercury (Hg2+) on antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities in terms of LC50 value and on hepatopancreas histostructures of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs Eriocheir sinensis in 40-day exposure to various concentrations of Hg2+ (0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 mg/L). The results show that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) significantly increased in the concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05 mg/L, while that of enzyme decreased in 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 mg/L treatments. Meanwhile, Hg2+ disrupted the histostructures of the hepatopancreas, causing decreases in activities of pepsin, tryptase, amylase, and cellulose, which are synthesized in the hepatopancreas. Moreover, as the Hg2+ concentration increased, the survival rate of the crabs decreased, worst at 56.57% in 0.30 mg/L. Therefore, although crabs are able to tolerate low levels of mercury pollution, high levels lead to cellular injury and tissue damage in hepatopancreas, which then loses some of its vital physiological functions such as absorption, storage, and secretion.

关键词： Eriocheir sinensis mercury hepatopancreas antioxidant enzymes histostructure digestive enzymes

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