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diffusion tensor tractography characteristics of axonal injury in concussion/mild traumatic brain injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 978-982页

作者： Sung Ho Jang You Sung Seo Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

The main advantage of diffusion tensor tractography is that it allows the entire neural tract to be *** addition,configurational analysis of reconstructed neural tracts can indicate abnormalities such as tearing,narrowing,or discontinuations,which have been used to identify axonal injury of neural tracts in concussion *** review focuses on the characteristic features of axonal injury in concussion or mild traumatic brain injury(m TBI)patients through the use of diffusion tensor *** injury in concussion(m TBI)patients is characterized by their occurrence in long neural tracts and multiple injuries,and these characteristics are common in patients with diffuse axonal injury and in concussion(m TBI)patients with axonal ***,the discontinuation of the corticospinal tract is mostly observed in diffuse axonal injury,and partial tearing and narrowing in the subcortical white matter are frequently observed in concussion(m TBI)patients with axonal *** difference appears to be attributed to the observation that axonal injury in concussion(m TBI)patients is the result of weaker forces than those producing diffuse axonal *** addition,regarding the fornix,in diffuse axonal injury,discontinuation of the fornical crus has been frequently reported,but in concussion(m TBI)patients,many collateral branches form in the fornix in addition to these findings in many case *** is presumed that the impact on the brain in TBI is relatively weaker than that in diffuse axonal injury,and that the formation of collateral branches occurs during the fornix recovery *** the occurrence of axonal injury in multiple areas of the brain is an important feature of diffuse axonal injury,case studies in concussion(m TBI)have shown that axonal injury occurs in multiple neural *** axonal injury lesions in m TBI patients may persist for approximately 10 years after injury onset,the characteristics of axonal injury in co

关键词： axonal injury brain injury concussion diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography mild traumatic brain injury neural tract

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Curvature range measurements of the arcuate fasciculus using diffusion tensor tractography

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第3期8卷 244-250页

作者： Dong Hoon Lee Cheol Pyo Hong Yong Hyun Kwon Yoon Tae Hwang Joong Hwi Kim Ji Won Park Department of Radiological Science College of Health ScienceYonsei University Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science & Technology Department of Physical Therapy Gangneung Yeongdong College Department of Physical Therapy College of Medical ScienceCatholic University of DaeguGyeongsan-si

Because Broca＇s area and Wernicke＇s area in the brain are connected by the arcuate fasciculus, understanding the anatomical location and morphometry of the arcuate fasciculus can help in the treatment of patients with aphasia. We measured the horizontal and vertical curvature ranges of the arcuate fasciculus in both hemispheres in 12 healthy subjects using diffusion tensor tractography. In the right hemisphere, the direct curvature range and indirect curvature range values of the arcuate fasciculus horizontal part were 121.13 ± 5.89 and 25.99 ± 3.01 degrees, respectively, and in the left hemisphere, the values were 121.83 ± 5.33 and 27.40 ± 2.96 degrees, respectively. In the right hemisphere, the direct curvature range and indirect curvature range values of the arcuate fasciculus vertical part were 43.97 ± 7.98 and 30.15 ± 3.82 degrees, respectively, and in the left hemisphere, the values were 39.39 ± 4.42 and 24.08 ± 4.34 degrees, respectively. We believe that the measured curvature ranges are important data for localization and quantitative assessment of specific neuronal pathways in patients presenting with arcuate fasciculus abnormalities.

关键词： neural regeneration neuroimaging clinical practice diffusion tensor tractography diffusion tensor imaging arcuate fasciculus direct curvature range indirect curvature range anatomical location quantitative information aphasia Broca’s area Wernicke’s area arched fiber grant-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

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Compression of the bilateral corticospinal tracts by bilateral pontine hemorrhage A diffusion tensor tractography study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第4期6卷 317-320页

作者： Hyeok Gyu Kwon Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Therapy Graduate School of Rehabilitation ScienceDaegu UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea

Bilateral spontaneous pontine hemorrhage is rare. In addition, bilateral corticospinal tract （CST） involvement in the pons may accompany serious motor sequelae. A 45-year-old right-handed woman was admitted for bilateral pontine hemorrhage. The patient presented with moderate quadriparesis at stroke onset and quickly recovered to the point of being able to extend the muscles of all four extremities against resistance, at 2 weeks from onset. At 4 weeks after stroke onset, she was able to perform all fine motor activities, as well as to walk with a normal gait. diffusion tensor tractography results showed that the CSTs of both hemispheres originated from the primary sensorimotor cortex and descended through the corona radiata, the posterior limb of the internal capsule, midbrain, anterior pons, and the anterior medulla, along the known pathway of the CST. However, at midbrain and pons, the CSTs were compressed posterolaterally. The contralateral primary sensorimotor cortex, centered on the precentral knob, was activated during movement of either hand of the patient, as shown by functional MRI, which indicates the preservation of lateral CST. Findings from this study suggest that diffusion tensor tractography may be helpful in the elucidation of the CST status in patients with pontine hemorrhage.

关键词： diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography functional MRI corticospinal tract stroke motor recovery pontine hemorrhage

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Motor recovery via aberrant pyramidal tract in a patient with traumatic brain injury A diffusion tensor tractography study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第1期8卷 90-94页

作者： Sang Seok Yeo Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of Medicine Yeungnam University

The aberrant pyramidal tract is the collateral pathway of the pyramidal tract through the medial lemniscus in the brainstem. A 21-year-old man presented with right hemiparesis due to a traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in the left corona radiata. His motor function recovered almost to the normal state at 10 months after onset. Through diffusion tensor tractography, the pyramidal tract in the affected （left） hemisphere showed discontinuation at the pontine level at 13 months after onset. An aberrant pyramidal tract was observed, which originated from the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area and descended through the corona radiata, then through the posterior limb of the internal capsule and the medial lemniscus pathway from the midbrain to the pons, finally entered into the pyramidal tract area at the pontomedullary junction, it suggests that the motor functions of the right extremities in this patient had recovered by this aberrant pyramidal tract.

关键词： neural regeneration neuroimaging diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography transcranial magnetic stimulation pyramidal tract aberrant pyramidal tract motor paralysis motorrecovery traumatic brain injury head trauma intracerebral hemorrhage grant-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

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Aberrant pyramidal tract in a patient with corona radiata infarct A diffusion tensor tractography study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第13期6卷 1027-1030页

作者： Ji Heon Hong Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science & TechnologyNamkuDaegu 705-703Republic of Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea

The aberrant pyramidal tract refers to the collateral pathway of the pyramidal tract through the medial lemniscus in the brainstem. A 63-year-old male patient presented with severe paralysis of the left extremities due to a right corona radiata infarct. He was able to extend the affected fingers against resistance at 2 months after stroke onset. At 6 months after stroke onset, he was able to perform some fine motor activities, as well as to walk with a nearly normal gait. Functional MRI, which was performed at 6 months after onset, showed that the contralateral primary sensorimotor cortex was activated during affected （left） hand movements. diffusion tensor tractography results showed that at 2 weeks after stroke onset, pyramidal tracts of the affected hemisphere originated from the primary motor cortex and descended along the known pathway of the pyramidal tract with an aberrant pyramidal tract, which was bypassed through the medial lemniscus from the midbrain to the lower pons. However, the pyramidal tract from midbrain to pons in the affected hemisphere could not be depicted by diffusion tensor tractography at 6 months after stroke onset; instead, only the aberrant pyramidal tract existed for the course of the disappeared pyramidal tract. Results from this study indicate that the main motor functions of the affected extremities appeared to be controlled via the aberrant pyramidal tract with degeneration of the pyramidal tract in the brainstem of the affected hemisphere.

关键词： diffusion tensor tractography pyramidal tract aberrant pyramidal tract motor recovery cerebral infarct

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Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion tensor tractography of human visual pathway

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第4期5卷 452-458页

作者： Yan Zhang, Xue-Lin Zhang Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510060 Guangdong Province China Department of Radiology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong Province China Department of Ophthalmology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong Province China Department of Radiology Kanghua Hospital Dongguan 523080 Guangdong Province China

AIM: To investigate the visual pathway in normal subjects and patients with lesion involved by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). METHODS: Thirty normal volunteers, 3 subjects with orbital tumors involved the optic nerve (ON) and 33 subjects with occipital lobe tumors involved the optic radiation (OR) (10 gliomas, 6 meningiomas and 17 cerebral metastases) undertook routine cranium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DTI and DTT. Visual pathway fibers were analyzed by DTI and DTT images. Test fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in different part of the visual pathway. RESULTS: The whole visual pathway but optic chiasm manifested as hyperintensity in FA maps and homogenous green signal in the direction encoded color maps. The optic chiasm did not display clearly. There was no significant difference between the bilateral FA values and MD values of normal visual pathway but optic chiasm, which the FA values tested were much too low (all P>0.05). The ONs of subjects with orbital tumors were compressed and displaced. Only one subject had lower FA values and higher MD values. OR of 9 gliomas subjects were infiltrated, with displacement in 2 and disruption in 7 subjects. All OR in 6 meniongiomas subjects were displaced. OR in 17 cerebral metastases subjects all developed displacement while 7 of them had disruption also. CONCLUSION: MR-DTI is highly sensitive in manifesting visual pathway. Visual pathway can be analyzed quantitatively in FA and MD values. DTT supplies accurate three dimensional conformations of visual pathway. But optic chiasm's manifestation still needs to improve.

关键词： visual pathway human diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography

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Is combined functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor tractography a useful tool for evaluation of somatosensory dysfunction recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第14期5卷 1109-1112页

作者： Ji Heon Hong Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Yeungnam University College of Medicine

diffusion tensor tractography allows the sensory fiber course of the medial lemniscus to be visualized. But diffusion tensor tractography for accurate evaluation of the repair of injured somatosensory tracts in stroke patients has been rarely reported. A 55-year-old female patient presented with severe somatosensory dysfunction of the left side caused by a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage on the right side. The somatosensory function of the affected side recovered to a nearly normal state at 7 weeks from onset. Functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that at 3 weeks from onset, there was no cortical activation by touch at each hand; at 7 weeks, the contralateral cortex centered on the primary sensory cortex was found to be activated during touch and passive movements, and activation by passive movements was increased compared with that at 3 weeks. diffusion tensor tractography revealed that a medial lemniscus on the affected （right） hemisphere was not observed at 3 weeks from onset, however, at 7 weeks, the unaffected （left） hemisphere passed along the medial lemniscus pathway from the pons to the primary sensory cortex. These findings indicate that combined functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor tractography would allow more accurate evaluation of the architecture and integrity of somatosensory tracts and is a useful method to investigate the recovery of somatosensory dysfunction in stroke patients.

关键词： functional magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor tractography stroke somatosensory recovery intracerebral hemorrhage brain injury

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Application of monitoring lumpectomy of lesion adjacent to the optic radiation using real-time visual evoked potential and diffusion tensor tractography

Application of monitoring lumpectomy of lesion adjacent to t...

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中华医学会神经外科学分会第九次学术会议

作者：赵鹏来张岩松 Department of Neurosurgery Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University

Objective The exactanatomical relationship of the optic radiation fibers are impossibly visualized on conventional imaging *** has been difficult to obtain anatomic and functional information about the visual pathway ... 详细信息

关键词： optic radiation diffusion tensor tractography visual evoked potential neuronavigation

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Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging-based evaluation of optic-radiation shape and position in meningioma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第9期7卷 686-691页

作者： Xueming Lv Xiaolei Chen Bainan Xu Jiashu Zhang Gang Zheng Jinjiang Li Fangye Li Guochen Sun Department of Neurosurgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Chinese PLA Postgraduate Medical SchoolBeijing 100853China

Employing magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, three-dimensional white-matter imaging and conventional magnetic resonance imaging can demonstrate the tumor parenchyma, peritumoral edema and compression on surrounding brain tissue. A color-coded tensor map and three-dimensional tracer diagram were applied to clearly display the optic-radiation location, course and damage. Results showed that the altered anisotropy values of meningioma patients corresponded with optic-radiation shape, size and position on both sides. Experimental findings indicate that the magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging technique is a means of tracing and clearly visualizing the optic radiation.

关键词： magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography meningioma optic radiation

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Identification of the primary motor area by three-dimensional reconstruction of the corticospinal tract using diffusion tensor imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第14期6卷 1103-1107页

作者： Guojun Deng Luo Li Guimei Chen Erming Zeng Xiangzuo Xiao Meihua Li Tao Hong Donghai Li Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital Nanchang University Nanchang 330006 Jiangxi Province China Department of Radiology First Affiliated Hospital Nanchang University Nanchang 330006 Jiangxi Province China

Functional MRI （fMRI） is widely used as a non-invasive method for the evaluation of pre-operation motor ***,patients with cortical function impairment,such as those with hemiparesis,can rarely achieve hand clenching,a typical fMRI task for central sulcus identification,and the method is also of limited use in uncooperative ***,it is important to develop a new method for identifying primary motor areas （PMA） in such *** study used corticospinal tractography to identify the PMA in 20 patients with deep-seated brain *** regions of interest were set within the brainstem for corticospinal tract （CST） fiber tracking：one at the level of the pons and the other at the level of the cerebral *** CST fiber tracking results and fMRI activation signals were merged with three-dimensional anatomic MRI *** consistency of identifying the PMA by CST and fMRI was *** activation signals were distributed mainly in the contralateral central sulcus around the omega-shaped hand *** CST consistently propagated from the pons and cerebral peduncle to the suspected PMA *** was a good correlation between CST fiber tracking results and fMRI activation signals in terms of their abilities to identify the *** differences between fMRI and CST fiber tracking findings may result from our functional task,which consisted only of hand *** results indicate that diffusion tensor imaging is a useful brain mapping technique for identifying the PMA in paralyzed patients and uncooperative children.

关键词： diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography primary motor area functional magnetic resonance imaging tractography

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