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The Effect of UV Light and CO<sub>2</sub>in the Production of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes in <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>(Bacillariophycea)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第24期5卷 3632-3641页

作者： Luiz Felipe C. da Motta Pacheco Eduardo Uribe Jorge Pino José Troncoso Andrés Quiróz Laboratório de Producción Primaria Facultad de Cienciasdel Mar Universidad Católica del Norte Coquimbo Chile EWOS Innovation Bergen Norway Laboratório de Química Ecológica Instituto de Química Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile

Skeletonema costatum was submitted to two experiments using UV lights and CO2with the purpose of observing changes in the lipids profile and the synthesis of polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA) after cell disruption. When cells receive CO2 supply, it was noticed that the production of PUA was significantly lower. The same was observed when the culture was treated with a dose of 45.9 kJ·m-2 of ultra-violet A/B ray. The premise to all experiments was the production of 2,4-heptadienal compared to the supply of EPA as substrate. As a result, the same synthesis rate was observed both when the CO2 treatment was applied and in the experiment control. On the other hand, the culture subjected to ultraviolet radiation showed a 68% greater demand with the utilization of the substrate. These observations suggested that EPA was consumed before cell disruption and was probably exuded to the surrounding environment as a sign of stress. Changes in cell morphology could be observed by the migration of the chloroplast nearby the cell wall, where PUA was produced, indicating a defense strategy.

关键词： diatom Physiology Oxilipins Skeletonema costatum Polyunsaturated Aldehyde (PUA)

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Biological Effects of Nutrient Nualgi on the Water Ecological Environment in Culture Pond

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2016年第6期8卷 369-376页

作者： Li Gu Mao Mengzhe Li Xiaoli Tao Ling Gao Maolin Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Wuhan 430223 China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province Wuhan 430070 China

In order to study the short-term effects of Nualgi on water quality and phytoplankton in fishpend, we conducted continuous and regular surveys on the phytoplankton community and the water quality indexes in four groups. The four groups were a Nualgi group （ M1 ）, a diatom group （ M2 ）, a Nualgi and diatom group （M3）, and a control group （C）. The results showed that there were no significance differences in pH, dissolved oxygen （DO）, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） among the four groups. The IP concentration of groups MI and M3 was significantly lower than that of groups M2 and C, indicating that Nualgl can reduce the IP concentration of water. The concentrations of NH4＋ -N, NO2- -N and CODMn, of groups M1 , M2 and M3 were sigeificantly lower than those of group C, suggesting that both Nualgi and dominant diatom species can adjust water quality by reducing the concentrations of NH4＋ -N, NO2- -N and CODMR. In this test, we identified 186 species that belonged to 109 genera of seven phyla. Among them, 86 species were Chlorophyta, 48 were Bacillariophyta, 27 were Cyanophyta, 17 were Euglenophyta, three were Dinophyta, three were Cryptophyta and two were Chrysophyta. Both diatom species and Nualgi can promote the growth of Bacillariophyta, restrain the growth of Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta, and thus change phytoplankton community structure. The biomass of Bacillariophyta in groups M1, M2 and M3 was larger than that in group C from the 20th d of the experiment, while the biomasses of Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta were lower than that in group C. Melo- sira granulata became the dominant algae species in groups M1, M2 and M3 , while Coelastrum microporum and Crucigenia tetrapedia were the dominant algae species in group Conly. Scenedesmus quadr/cauda became the dominant algae in groups M1 , M2 and C. There was no remarkable difference in diversity index among the four groups. The Shannon-Wiener index in all the four groups were all above 2.00, suggesting that the addition of Nualgi or diatom species did not aff

关键词： Nualgi diatom Phytoplankton Pond water quality

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A Contribution to the Epipelic Algal Ecology in Lotic Ecosystem of Iraq

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第2期6卷 85-95页

作者： Fikrat M. Hassan Ali Obaid Shaawiat College of Science for Women University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq College of Education University of Al-Qadisiyah Al Diwaniyah Iraq

The study was conducted on epipleic diatoms in a lotic ecosystem. The Al-Shamiyah River was selected which is a distance from industrial activities. Four sites along the river were selected for sampling during the period from March 2013 to February 2014. A total of 173 species of epipelic diatoms were identified. The pennate diatoms predominated and represented about 92.49% of the total diatoms, while centric diatoms formed only 7.51%. The total number of diatoms ranged between 185.1 - 422.34 cell × 104/cm2. Some of the pennate diatom species were Achnanthes affinis Grunow, Achnanthes mintussima Küetzing, Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) Cleve, Cymbella affinis Küetzing, diatoma vulgare Bory, Fragilaria capucina Desmazieres, Gomphonema angustatum var. productu Grun., Navicula lanceolata (Ag.) Kuetzing, Navicula radiosa Küetzing, Navicula viridula Küetzing, Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) W. Smith,?Nitzschia romana Grunow. The physicochemical and epipelic algae species indicated that the water quality of the river was clean to moderate water quality.

关键词： diatom Epipelic Algae Lotic System Euphrates River

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Silica Microcapsules Prepared by Interfacial Reaction Methods

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 704-页

作者： M Fujiwara K Shiokawa Y Nakahara National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Kansai Center) Nanotechnology Research Institute

1 Results Silica spherical particles with hollow structure are directly prepared by interfacial reaction methods using W/O/W emulsion (schematic diagram in Fig.1)[1].Fig.1 Silica microcapsule formationThe mixing of W/O emulsion consisting of sodium silicate solution (inner water phase) and n-hexane solution (oil phase) to outer water phase dissolving NH4HCO3 or other salts affords silica microcapsules.The critical feature of this method is the direct formation of hollow structure.Therefore,the core com...

关键词： silica microcapsule hollow sphere emulsion bioencapsulation diatom

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The East Asian winter monsoon over the last 15,000 years:its links to high-latitudes and tropical climate systems and complex correlation to the summer monsoon

The East Asian winter monsoon over the last 15,000 years:its...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2012年度（第12届）...

作者： Luo Wang Jingjing Li Houyuan Lu Zhaoyan Gu Patrick Rioual Qingzhen Hao Anson W.Mackay Wenying Jiang Binggui Cai Bing Xu Jingtai Han Guoqiang Chu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geosciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory of Genozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Environmental Change Research Centre Department of GeographyUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK

The East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM) not only plays an important role within the Asian climate system,but also carries cold air from the high northern latitudes across the Equator to the Southern Hemisphere,acting as a link between the polar and tropical climate systems.However,past changes of the EAWM have not been clearly established so far due to the lack of suitable proxy records.Here,we at first establish an index of the EAWM by comparing the results of a sediment trap experiment and 100- year sedimentary record from Huguang Maar Lake(HML) with modern records of the EAWM,Siberian High(SH) and Arctic Oscillation(AO).Secondly,we present a continuous record of the strength of the EAWM for the past 14,500 years based on sedimentary diatom assemblages in HML The record is derived from fluctuations in the relative abundance of two planktonic diatom species.The link with the EAWM intensity is through high wind speeds inducing turbulent mixing,which stimulates the productivity of the meroplanktonic species Aulacoseim gmnulata.The diatom record of the past 14,500 years shows that the EAWM shifted from strong to weak from the early to late Holocene.This linked to both changes in winter temperature at high-latitudes and in El Nino conditions in the tropics.Our record shows that the EAWM and East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) as recorded in stalagmites,were in-phase instead of anti-correlated on orbital time scales during the Holocene.On a millennial time scales,the EAWM was anti-phase with the EASM during the Last Glacial-Holocene transition.However,during the early—middle Holocene the relationship between the EAWM and EASM shows spatial variations.In northern China,the records show significant anti-phase,but in southern China the anti-phase was not observed. During the late Holocene,we did not find any clear relationship between the EAWM and EASM.We also explored the link between the EAWM and the Australian summer monsoon(ASM).Anti-phase of the ASM with summer insolation in the Southern Hemisphere is an enigmatic exceptio

关键词： East Asian winter monsoon diatom Holocene Arctic oscillation Siberian High El Nino East Asian summer monsoon Australian summer monsoon Huguang Maar Lake

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Toxicity and removal of phenanthrene,fluoranthene and pyrene by two Navicula species,N.incerta（a commercial species） and N.sp（a local isolate）

Toxicity and removal of phenanthrene,fluoranthene and pyrene...

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中国藻类学会第八次会员大会暨第十六次学术讨论会

作者： Nora Fung-yee Tam Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SARChina

＜正＞The present study showed that the tolerance of two Navicula diatoms,a local isolate {Navicula sp.) and a commercial species {Navicula incerta),to three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）,phenanthrene（PHE）,fluoranthene（FLU） and pyrene（PYR）, was PAH- and species-specific.PHE and PYR exhibited comparable median effect concentration（EC50） values（7.39-9.30 mg/L） but were remarkably higher than FLU （0.41-5.16 mg/L）,suggesting that FLU was more toxic to Navicula species.The local isolate was more sensitive to FLU toxicity than the commercial species and the EC50 of the local isolate was very low（0.41 mg/L）.Both species were capable to remove PAHs, the efficiency was also PAH-dependent and followed the declining order of PHE＞FLU＞PYR.At the end of 7-days treatment,the biodegradation percentages of PHE,FLU and PYR（calculated based on the difference between the amount of PAH added and the summation of the amount remained in medium,accumulated in cells and abiotic loss） by N.incerta were 65.9%,57.0%and 34.7%,respectively,while their respective values by the local isolate were 74.9%,57.7%and 26.1%.These results indicated that PYR was not only the most difficult PAH to be removed but was also most resistant to biodegradation by these two diatom species than the other two PAHs.The removal and biodegradation percentages were affected by the initial concentration of PAHs in the medium.More FLU and PYR remained in the medium,as well as accumulated in cells,at 5.0 mg/L treatment than at the two lower levels,0.5 and 1.0 mg/L,while the biodegradation percentages of all three PAHs at 5.0 mg/L treatment were also lower.Not only PAH-dependent,the PAH tolerance and removal were also species-specific.The local isolate did not exhibit a higher tolerance to PAHs and it did not achieve better removal and biodegradation than the commercial species.

关键词： Biodegradation diatom EC50 microalgae Navicula Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）

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云龙天池湖泊水深与硅藻生物多样性的关系

云龙天池湖泊水深与硅藻生物多样性的关系

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2015年度（第15届）...

作者：邹亚菲严瑶张佼杨张利周旺罗中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所新生代地质与环境重点实验室中国科学院大学中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院

以云龙天池湖泊为研究对象,通过分析不同深度表层硅藻样品的生物多样性以及100年来硅藻生物多样性的变化特征,探讨硅藻生物多样性与水深变化之间的关系。虽然硅藻组合随水深发生了明显的变化,浅水区底栖硅藻占优势,深水区浮游硅藻占优势... 详细信息

以云龙天池湖泊为研究对象,通过分析不同深度表层硅藻样品的生物多样性以及100年来硅藻生物多样性的变化特征,探讨硅藻生物多样性与水深变化之间的关系。虽然硅藻组合随水深发生了明显的变化,浅水区底栖硅藻占优势,深水区浮游硅藻占优势,但是不同深度表层样品中硅藻的属种数(简单分异度)基本相同,硅藻种群的生物多样性也没有发生显著的趋势性变化。这主要是由于硅藻各属种在不同深度的权重互补,导致云龙天池硅藻的多样性在湖泊的不同深度变化不大。近百年来的湖泊沉积速率显示,自1960年前后,湖泊水位在波动中逐步升高,但是硅藻种群的生物多样性并没有发生相应的变化。以上研究结果说明,云龙天池硅藻种群的生物多样性,不管是在时间上,还是空间上,与水深变化均无明显相关性。

关键词： Yunlong Lake water depth recent hundred years diatom biodiversity

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