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A database framework of digital forestry towards sustainable forestry development in China

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 19-26页

作者： ZHAO Jingzhu WANG Yanchun DONG Rencai State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Six forestry scientific and technological projects being actualized in China were the implementations of ecological construction and security, development of forestry biological technique and fine variety cultivation, protection and utilization of forest biological germplasm resources, development of forestry bio-industry and digital forestry, and construction of forestry innovation ability. Among them, digital forestry was an effective measure to improve the ability of forestry innovation, to realize resources sharing, and to develop sustainable forestry. Spatial database of digital forestry should be constructed according to the criteria and index system of forest sustainable management. Based on analyzing the status and advances of China's digital forestry construction, a database framework of digital forestry towards sustainable forestry development was studied and established preparatorily. The database was divided into four layers as theory layer, system layer, status layer, and parameter layer. It was concluded that during the process of digital forestry platform construction, the relative social, economic, and politic data should be considered and collected, which meant that the database should represent not only the current forestry development, but also the social, politic, and economic situations. Constructing China's digital forestry information platform under full utilization of idea and index system for sustainable forest management was urgent and important.

关键词： database framework, digital forestry, sustainable forestry development, forest resources.

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Effect of Planting Date, Spacing and Seeding Methods on Disease development and Yield Components of Rice （Oryza sativa L.） in Southeastern Nigeria

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2017年第2期7卷 100-113页

作者： Christian Chukwunenye Iwuagwu Charles Ikechukwu Umechuruba Andrew Chukwuma Nwogbaga Department of Crop Science and Horticulture Nnamdi Azikiwe University PMB 5025 Awka Anambra State Nigeria Evangel University PMB 129 Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management Ebonyi State University PMB 053 Abakaliki Nigeria

To investigate the effect of planting date, spacing and seeding methods on disease development and yield components ofrice, a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design （RCBD） with four replications was conducted during 2011 plantingseason at Izzi Local Government Area （LGA） of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. This experiment was carried out with four levels of plantingdates （early June, late June, early July and late July）, three levels of spacing （15, 20 and 25 cm） and two levels of seeding method（direct seeding and seedling transplanting）. The studied traits included plant height （PH）, number of tillers （NT）, leaf area （LA）, rootlength （RL）, panicle length （PL）, 1,000 seed weight （SW）, disease incidence and severity. The result showed that all the factors hadsignificant effect on the parameters measured. Sowing in early July had the highest LA of 65.38 cm^2, PH of 122.00 cm, RL of 29.04cm and TN of 10.54, and the second largest PL of 25.08 cm and SW of 25.12 g. Also sowing in early July had the highest diseaseseverity of 3.21, followed by 3.14 which occurred in late July, while the least 2.17 occurred in early June. The direct seeding methodhad the highest disease incidence of 70.83%, followed by plant spacing of 15 cm × 15 cm which had the disease incidence of 69.72%,while sowing in early June had the least disease incidence of 57.50%. In conclusion, planting of rice in Southeastern Nigeria shouldbe done in early July, as the yield components were significantly better than in other dates though with the highest disease severity.

关键词： Disease development, planting dates, spacing, planting methods, rice, Southeastern Nigeria, yield components.

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Potentials for win-win alliances among animal agriculture and forest products industries:Application of the princi-ples of industrial ecology and sustainable development

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 697-709页

作者： Ellis B.Cowling Cari S.Furiness North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27606USA

Commercial forests in many parts of the world are deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus. These nutrient-deficient forests often exist in close proximity to large animal feeding operations, meat processing and other food, textile, or other biomass-processing plants, and municipal waste treatment facilities. Many of these facilities produce large surpluses of nitrogen,phosphorus, and organic matter as gaseous ammonia, urea, uric acid, phosphorus compounds,bacterial sludges, and partially treated municipal wastewaters. These co-existing and substantial nutrient deficiencies and surpluses offer ready-made opportunities for discovery, demonstration,and commercial development of science-based, technology-facilitated, environmentally sound,economically viable, and socially acceptable "win-win alliances" among these major industries based on the principles of industrial ecology and sustainable development. The major challenge is to discover practical means to capture the surplus nutrients and put them to work in forest stands from which value-added products can be produced and sold at a profit.

关键词： air and water pollution, animal agriculture, environmental impacts, forest alternative, forest nutrition, forest products industries, industrial ecology, municipal wastes, nitrogen management, nutrient management, organic matter,phosphorus nutrition, reactive nitrogen, sustainable development, win-win alliances.

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Holistic Approach and development

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2017年第6期7卷 779-781页

作者： Taysir Nashif United Nations

According to the holistic approach, factors relevant for the promotion of a desire of change should beaccommodated in a synchronized manner. Need to implement this approach is the topic of this paper. Putdifferently, ...

关键词： Change, development, Holistic Approach, Factor, Effects Inadequacy Information

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Analysis on the Interactive development Model of the New Countryside Construction and Rural Ecotourism

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International Journal of Technology Management 2017年第6期 84-86页

This paper presents the interactive development model of the new countryside construction and rural ecotourism. The authorthinks that, to correctly and fully grasp the concept of rural tourism, rural tourism must be established, the concept of system, and build theconcept of rural tourism system no one has been studied. This article tries from the connotation of the related concept of the rural tourism andthe level of the rural tourism, tourist market positioning, the development of rural tourism and consumer guide to build the concept of the ruraltourism system. Additionally, the development of eco-tourism can reduce the negative impact on the environment, but also bring the economicbenefits to the local people and increase the income of the people in the region.

关键词： Interactive development, New Countryside, Rural Ecotourism

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China＇s Belt and Road Initiative：Perspectives from India

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China & World Economy 2017年第5期25卷 78-100页

作者： Jabin T. Jacob Fellow Institute of Chinese Studies India

China ＂s Belt and Road Initiative （BRI） is often simplistically understood as beingopposed by lndia and supported by Pakistan. The reality on the ground is rather morecomplex. The emerging consensus in lndia appears to be that, far from being exclusivelyan economic and infrastructure development program, the BRI may be understood as along-term strategic initiative that seeks to convert China ＂s current economic might intodiplomatic influence. While attempts have been made by Beijing, the reflexive lndiansuspicion of Chinese international projection, including of China ＂s BRL has not yetbeen met by a coherent discourse designed to specifically address lndian concerns. Incontrast, in Pakistan, widespread acceptance of the importance and necessity of theChina-Pakistan Economic Corridor is increasingly coupled with concerns within sectorsof Pakistani society over the fairness, transparency and eventual economic outcomesof the project. Accordingly, this paper is divided into two parts： the first looks at howlndian analysts have viewed and responded to the Chinese discourse and arguments onthe BR1; the second considers the debate over the China-Pakistan Economic Corridorwithin Pakistan.

关键词： diplomacy, economic integration, infrastructure development, mutual mistrust, strategic competition

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Relative sea-level rising and its control strategy in coastal regions of China in the 21st century

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Science China Earth Sciences 2003年第1期46卷 74-83页

作者：武强郑铣鑫徐华应玉飞侯艳声谢晓程王世训 Department of Resources Exploitation Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Ningbo Municipal Bureau for Environment Protection Zhejiang General Monitoring Station for Geo-environment Department of Foreign Languages Ningbo University

The Chinese coastal regions are the high risk areas of natural disasters for their lowland and weak and sensitive eco-evironment. The relative sea-level rising (RSLR), resulting from the piling of global sea-level rising and regional land subsidence, is to speed up in the 21st century. Certainly the RSLR will exacerbate the land submerging, the disaster from storm-tide and flood-waterlogging and the water shortage, and then affect urban withstanding function, construction safety and eco-resources. According to sustainable development theory, the sustainable utilization of resources and environment and sustainable development of economy and society can both be effectively achieved in coastal regions of China in the 21st century only by the implementation of controlling discharge of greenhouse gas, optimal exploitation of and artificial recharge of ground-water, systematic control of land subsidence, higher design standards for tide and flood controlengineering, improving urban anti-disaster ability, a study on strategy and policy for RSLR and establishment of forecast and pre-warning institution.

关键词： sustainable development, relative sea-level rising, land subsidence, control strategy, coastal region.

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Ectopic expression of a hyacinth AGL6 homolog caused earlier flowering and homeotic conversion in Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第5期50卷 676-689页

作者： FAN JinHui1, LI WenQing2, DONG XiuChun1, GUO Wei1 & SHU HuaiRui3 1 College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China 2 College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 3 College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China College of Forestry Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 China College of Biological Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 China

MADS-box genes are involved in floral organ development. Here we report that an AGL6(Agamous-like 6)-like MADS-box gene, HoAGL6, was isolated from Hyacinthus orientalis L. Expression pattern analy-sis demonstrated that HoAGL6 transcript was detected in inflorescence buds, tepals, carpels and ovules, but not in stamina, leaves or scales. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants ectopically expressing HoAGL6 exhibited novel phenotypes of significantly reduced plant size, extremely early flowering, and losing inflorescence indeterminacy. In addition, wide homeotic conversion of sepals, petals, and leaves into carpel-like or ovary structures, and disappearance or number reduction of stamens in 35S::HoAGL6 Arabidopsis plants were also observed. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expressions of flowering time gene SOC1 and flower meristem identity gene LFY were significantly up-regulated in 35S::HoAGL6 transgenic Arabidopsis plants, and the expression levels of floral organ identity genes AG and SEP1 in leaves were also elevated. These results indicated that HoAGL6 was involved in the regulation of flower transition and flower organ formation.

关键词： AGL6 homologue, flower development, flowering time, MADS-box genes, Hyacinthus orientalis

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Rural Community Variation in Physician RecruitmentReadiness

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Journal of Health Science 2014年第8期2卷 393-401页

作者： Ed Baker David Schmitz Lisa MacKenzie Bradley Morris Ted Epperly Center for Health Policy Boise State University 1910 University Drive Boise ID 83725-1830 USA Family Medicine Residency of ldaho 777North Raymond St. Boise ID 83704 USA

The capacity at which a rural community can mobilize resources involved in recruiting physicians has positive implicationsfor community health. The purpose of this study was to assess whether rural communities varied in their physician recruitmentreadiness. Methods： The Critical Access Hospital Community Apgar Questionnaire （CAH CAQ） was the instrument used in this *** one （71） rural communities in five US states who participated in the Community Apgar Program were included in this researchIn each rural community, the administrator of the critical access hospital and the physician/clinician with recruiting responsibilitiesparticipated individually in a structured interview. A total of 71 administrators and 71 physician/clinicians participated in the study（total N = 142）. Cumulative Community Apgar scores were calculated for each rural community. Descriptive statistics were calculatedfor this measure including means, standard deviations and coefficient of variations. No statistical differences were discerned acrossstate mean cumulative Community Apgar scores. Cumulative Community Apgar scores demonstrated variability within states and inthe aggregate across states. The five rural states included in this study showed similar distributions/patterns of cumulative CommunityApgar scores within their respective states. These distributions/patterns demonstrated variability in the cumulative Community Apgarscores in every state. Likewise, the aggregate distribution of cumulative Community Apgar scores demonstrated variability across thefive states. These rural communities vary in their physician recruitment readiness as measured by the CAH CAQ. As such,improvement efforts need to be customized for the specifics of the individual community. One size does not fit all.

关键词： Physician recruitment, rural health, rural community development, rural community assessment.

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Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in rat ovary during pregnancy and postpartum

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2002年第4期45卷 379-387页

作者：李庆雷邵龙江祝诚王红梅倪江林海燕段恩奎 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080China Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086 China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080China Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086 China

The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rat ovarian follicles and corpus luteum (CL) during different stages of pregnancy and postpartum were investigated. In addition, the effect of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on VEGF expression was examined. VEGF mRNA was localized in granulosa cells of preantral follicles, as well as in the granulosa and theca cells of small antral follicles, but not in large antral follicles. VEGF transcripts were amplified in rat CL during pregnancy and postpartum using RT-PCR. The mRNA expression reached the maximal level on day 7, maintained it on days 9-18, decreased after day 18, and was minimal on day 1 postpartum. Western blot showed a 23 ku VEGF protein band in rat CL. Expression of VEGF protein varied in a similar way to that of its mRNA. Treatment with TNF-α at a dosage of 3000 IU/kg on day 4 of pregnancy significantly increased VEGF expression in rat CL. It is suggested that the down-regulation of VEGF expression in large antral follicles may be one factor that contributes to the termination of ovulation in rat ovary during pregnancy. VEGF may be implicated in the CL formation and maintenance via regulating angiogenesis, and its expression is regulated by TNF-α.

关键词： VEGF, TNF-α, follicular development, corpus luteum, pregnancy.

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