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denitrification and microbial community in MBBR using A. donax as carbon source and biofilm carriers for reverse osmosis concentrate treatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第10期31卷 133-143页

作者： Li Li Guokai Yan Haiyan Wang Zhaosheng Chu Zewen Li Yu Ling Tong Wu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria And Risk As sessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

In this study,raw Arundo donax(A.donax)pieces were applied as carbon source and biofilm carriers for denitrification in a lab-scale moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR)for the treatment of reverse osmosis concentrate gathered from local wastewater reuse plant.At stable phase(about 60 days),efficient denitrification performance was obtained with73.2%±19.5%NO3--N average removal and 8.10±3.45 g N/(m3·day)NO3--N average volumetric removal rate.Mass balance analysis showed that 4.84 g A.donax was required to remove 1 g TN.Quantitative real-time PCR analysis results showed that the copy numbers of 16S r-RNA,narG,nirS,nosZ and anammox gene of carrier biofilm and suspended activated sludge in the declination phase(BF2 and AS2)were lower than those of samples in the stable phase(BF1 and AS1),and relatively higher copy numbers of nirS and nirK genes with lower abundance of narG and nosZ genes were observed.High-throughput sequencing analysis was conducted for BF2 and AS2,and similar dominant phyla and classes with different abundance were obtained.The class Gammaproteobacteria affiliated with the phylum Proteobacteria was the most dominant microbial community in both BF2(52.6%)and AS2(41.7%).The PICRUSt prediction results indicated that 33 predictive specific genes were related to denitrification process,and the relative abundance of 18 predictive specific genes in BF2 were higher than those in AS2.

关键词： Arundo donax carbon source denitrification MBBR Reverse osmosis concentrate Nitrate removal Microbial community High-throughput sequencing

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denitrification and the controlling factors in Yunnan Plateau Lakes(China): Exploring the role of enhanced internal nitrogen cycling by algal blooms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 349-358页

作者： Sifeng Wu Zhen Wu Zhongyao Liang Yong Liu Yilin Wang College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (MOE)Peking University College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences(MOE)Peking University

denitrification plays an important role in nitrogen(N) removal in freshwater ecosystems.This internal process regulates the fluctuations of N concentration, especially for lakes with high nutrients concentrations and long residence time. Lakes in Yunnan plateau(southwestern China) provide typical cases, while studies in this region have been rare.Therefore, we studied denitrification of two lakes(Lake Dianchi in hypereutrophic state and Lake Erhai in mesotrophic) in this region. We used acetylene inhibition technique to quantify potential denitrification rate(PDR) of these lakes in April and August, 2015 and 2016. PDR of the sediments ranged 0–1.21 μmol/(N·m^2·hr), and that of overlying water ranged 0–0.24 μmol/(N·L·hr). Then, we used Least Angle Regression to determine the controlling factors for denitrification. Nutrients controlled PDR from two aspects: providing essential nitrogen sources; and affecting the richness and metabolism of denitrifying bacteria. In April, both aspects limited PDR; while only nitrogen sources limited PDR in August, due to depleted nitrate and enhanced denitrifying bacteria activity. Ammonia was most significant to denitrification, indicating that nitrate from nitrification transported to the bottom of wellmixed lake provide major N source by denitrification. The high PDR and low nitrate concentrate in August were evidence of an enhanced internal N cycling by algal blooms.

关键词： denitrification Controlling factors Lake Dianchi Lake Erhai Algal bloom Internal cycling

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Enhancing anoxic denitrification of low C/N ratio wastewater with novel ZVI composite carriers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第2期34卷 180-191页

作者： Yanping Shi Tao Liu Hongtao Yu Xie Quan Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

External organic carbon sources are needed to provide electron donors for the denitrification of wastewater with a low COD/NO_(3)^(-)-N(C/N)ratio,increasing the treatment cost.The economic strategy is to enhance the bioactivity and/or biodiversity of denitrifiers to efficiently utilize organic substances in wastewater.In this study,novel zero-valent iron(ZVI)composite carriers were prepared and implemented in a suspended carrier biofilm reactor to enhance the bioactivity and/or biodiversity of denitrifiers.At the influent C/N ratio of 4(COD was 179.5±5.0 mg/L and TN was 44.2±0.8 mg/L),COD and TN removal efficiencies were 85.1%and 66.4%,respectively,in the reactors filled with 3 wt%ZVI composite carriers.In contrast,COD and TN removal efficiencies were 70.4%and 55.3%,respectively,in the reactor filled with conventional high-density polyethylene(HDPE)biofilm carriers.The biofilm formation on the 3 wt%ZVI composite carriers was optimized due to its higher roughness(surface square roughness increased from 76.0 nm to 93.8 nm)and favorable hydrophilicity(water contact angle dropped to 72.5°±1.4°from 94.3°±3.2°)compared with the HDPE biofilm carriers.In addition,heterotrophic denitrifiers,Thauera and Dechloromonas,were enriched,whereas autotrophic denitrifiers,Raoultella and Thiobacillus,exhibited high relative abundance in the biofilm of ZVI composite carriers.The coexistence of heterotrophic denitrifiers and autotrophic denitrifiers on the surface of ZVI composite carriers provided mixotrophic metabolism of denitrification(including heterotrophic and iron-based autotrophic),thereby ensuring effective denitrification for wastewater with a low C/N ratio without external organic carbon source addition.

关键词： ZVI Biofilm carrier Low C/N ratio Integrated floating fixed-film and activated sludge(IFFAS) denitrification

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Conversion of nitrogen and carbon in enriched paddy soil by denitrification coupled with anammox in a bioelectrochemical system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第1期34卷 197-207页

作者： Luan Zhang Minghe Jiang Shungui Zhou Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

The aim of this study is to investigate conversion of nitrogen and COD in enriched paddy soil by nitrification coupled with anammox process in a dual chamber bioelectrochemical system.The paddy soil was enriched for denitrification coupled with anammox by microbial consortia and was acclimatized in the cathodic chamber of microbial fuel cells(MFCs).The bioelectrochemical systems were treated with different ammonium concentrations in the cathodic chamber:the MFC with low concentration ammonium(LA-MFC,50 mg/L ammonium),the MFC with medium concentration ammonium(MA-MFC,500 mg/L ammonium),and MFC with high concentration ammonium(HA-MFC,1000 mg/L ammonium),and the initial COD in the anodic chamber was 1200 mg/L.The CK treatments were conducted with1000 mg/L ammonium under the same conditions,except without inoculum in the cathode chamber.The consumption rate of ammonium in the cathodic chambers of CK,LA-MFC,MA-MFC,and HA-MFC were 9%,64%,84%,and 84%,respectively.The degradation rate for COD achieved in the anode chambers of CK,LA-MFC,MA-MFC,and HA-MFC were 70%,86%,93%,and 93%,respectively.The analysis of the microbial community of three treated MFCs in the cathode chamber indicated that the nitrification-denitrification process occurs in the cathode chamber.The dominant species for nitrification was Nitrospira,and the dominant species for denitrification were Denitratisoma,Dechloromonas,and Candidatus_Competibacter.Moreover,anammox process also observed in the cathode chamber.The functional genes nir S/K,hzs B,and 16S rDNA were assessed by qPCR analysis,and the results confirmed the presence of denitrification-coupled anammox in the cathodic chamber.

关键词： Paddy soil Bioelectrochemical system denitrification Anammox Microbial community

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A critical review on the technique and mechanism of microwave-based denitrification in flue gas

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第10期34卷 144-157页

作者： Bo Yuan Zhen Qian Zili Zhangc Le Fu Shihang Pan Runlong Hao Yi Zhao Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Fujian Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute FuzhouFujian 350008China

Microwave radiation has received extensive attention due to its significant thermal and nonthermal effects, and the development of MW-based denitrification in flue gas has become one of the most promising methods to avoid the defects of ammonia escape, high temperature and cost in traditional SCR. This review introduces the thermal and non-thermal effects of microwaves and divides MW-based denitrification methods into MW reduction and oxidation denitrification, systematically summarizes these denitrification methods, including MW discharge reduction, MW-induced catalytic reduction using active carbon, molecular sieves, metal oxides(transition metals, perovskites, etc.), MW-induced oxidation denitrification with and without additional oxidant, and discusses their removal pathway and mechanism. Finally, several research prospects and directions regarding the development of microwave-based denitrification methods are provided.

关键词： Microwave denitrification Reduction Oxidation Radical

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denitrification Rate and Controlling Factors for Accumulated Nitrate in the Deep Subsoil of Intensive Farmlands: A Case Study in the North China Plain

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Pedosphere 2019年第4期29卷 516-526页

作者： YUAN Haijing QIN Shuping DONG Wenxu HU Chunsheng Kiril MANEVSKI LI Xiaoxin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050021 (China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China) Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Tjele 8830 (Denmark)

denitrification in subsoil(to a depth of 12 m) is an important mechanism to reduce nitrate(NO3^-) leaching into groundwater.However, regulating mechanisms of subsoil denitrification, especially those in the deep subsoil beneath the crop root zone, have not been well documented. In this study, soil columns of 0–12 m depth were collected from intensively farmed fields in the North China Plain. The fields had received long-term nitrogen(N) fertilizer inputs at 0(N0), 200(N200) and 600(N600) kg N ha^-1 year^-1. Main soil properties related to denitrification, i.e., soil water content, NO3^-, dissolved organic carbon(DOC), soil organic carbon(SOC),pH, denitrifying enzyme activity(DEA), and anaerobic denitrification rate(ADR), were determined. Statistical comparisons among the treatments were performed. The results showed that NO3^- was more heavily accumulated in the entire soil profile of the N600 treatment, compared to the N0 and N200 treatments. The SOC, DOC, and ADR decreased with increasing soil depth in all treatments,whereas considerable DEA was observed throughout the subsoil. The long-term fertilizer rates affected ADR only in the upper 4 m soil layers. The ADRs in the N200 and N600 treatments were significantly correlated with DOC. Multiple regression analysis indicated that DOC rather than DEA was the key factor regulating denitrification beneath the root zone. Additional research is required to determine if carbon addition into subsoil can be a promising approach to enhance NO3^- denitrification in the subsoil and consequently to mitigate groundwater NO3^- contamination in the intensive farmlands.

关键词： denitrifying enzyme activity dissolved organic carbon nitrate leaching soil organic carbon subsoil denitrification

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Combining biological denitrification and electricity generation in methane-powered microbial fuel cells

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第8期130卷 212-222页

作者： Linpeng Yu Eryi Zhang Lin Yang Shiqi Liu Christopher Rensing Shungui Zhou Resources and Environment Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Cranfield University CranfieldBedfordshire MK43 OALUK Biofuels Institute School of Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Methane has been demonstrated to be a feasible substrate for electricity generation in microbial fuel cells(MFCs)and denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation(DAMO).However,these two processes were evaluated separately in previous studies and it has remained unknown whether methane is able to simultaneously drive these processes.Here we investigated the co-occurrence and performance of these two processes in the anodic chamber of MFCs.The results showed that methane successfully fueled both electrogenesis and denitrification.Importantly,the maximum nitrate removal rate was significantly enhanced from(1.4±0.8)to(18.4±1.2)mg N/(L·day)by an electrogenic process.In the presence of DAMO,the MFCs achieved a maximum voltage of 610 mV and a maximum power density of 143±12 mW/m^(2).Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that some redox substances(e.***.riboflavin)were likely involved in electrogenesis and also in the denitrification process.High-throughput sequencing indicated that the methanogen Methanobacterium,a close relative of Methanobacterium espanolae,catalyzed methane oxidation and cooperated with both exoelectrogens and denitrifiers(e.g.,Azoarcus).This work provides an effective strategy for improving DAMO in methane-powered MFCs,and suggests that methanogens and denitrifiers may jointly be able to provide an alternative to archaeal DAMO for methane-dependent denitrification.

关键词： Anaerobic methane oxidation denitrification Microbial fuel cells Electricity generation Electroactive compounds Methanobacterium

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Varying water column stability controls the denitrification process in a subtropical reservoir,Southwest China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第1期34卷 208-219页

作者： Gaoyang Cui Xiao-Dong Li Siqi Li Shiyuan Ding Qinkai Li Mengdi Yang Hong Lv Yiyao Wang Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions Ministry of EducationCollege of Environment and PlanningHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth’s Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Reservoirs are regarded as hotspots of nitrogen transformation and potential sources of nitrous oxide(N_(2)O).However,it remains unclear how the hydrological conditions due to dam construction control the processes of nitrogen transformation in reservoir waters.To address this issue,we examined the spatial-temporal characteristics of nitrate concentrations,δ^(15)N-NO_(3)^(-),δ^(18)O-NO_(3)^(-),δ^(18)O-H_(2)O,relative water column stability(RWCS),and related environmental factors in a subtropical eutrophic reservoir(Hongfeng Reservoir,HFR),Southwest China.We found that denitrification was the most important nitrogen transformation process in the HFR and that higher denitrification intensity was associated with increased RWCS in summer,which suggested hydrological control of the denitrification process.In contrast,low RWCS conditions favored the nitrification process in the HFR in winter.Additionally,dissolved oxygen(DO;pdenitrification rate.We also found that the spatiotemporal RWCS variations were a prerequisite for regulating DO/nitrate stratification and the coupling/decoupling of nitrification-denitrification at the local and global scales.This study would advances our knowledge of the impacts of RWCS and thermal stratification on nitrogen transformation processes in reservoirs.

关键词： Thermal stratification RWCS denitrification Nitrogen transformation Reservoir

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Insights into a novel nitrogen removal process based on simultaneous anammox and denitrification(SAD) following nitritation with in-situ NOB elimination

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 160-170页

作者： Jing Chen Jia Zeng Yiran He Shiquan Sun Haipeng Wu Yaoyu Zhou Zhenguo Chen Jianhui Wang Hong Chen School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410114China Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control Changsha 410114China College of Resources and Environment Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Food science and Bioengineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410114China

Simultaneous anammox and denitrification(SAD) is an efficient approach to treat wastewater having a low C/N ratio;however, few studies have investigated a combination of SAD and partial nitritation(PN). In this study, a lab-scale up-flow blanket filter(UBF) and zeolite sequence batch reactor(ZSBR) were continuously operated to implement SAD and PN advantages, respectively. The UBF achieved a high total nitrogen(TN) removal efficiency of over 70% during the start-up stage(days 1–50), and reached a TN removal efficiency of 96%in the following 90 days(days 51–140) at COD/NH_(4)^(+)-N ratio of 2.5. The absolute abundance of anammox bateria increased to the highest value of 1.58 × 107copies/μL DNA;Comamonadaceae was predominant in the UBF at the optimal ratio. Meanwhile, ZSBR was initiated on day 115 as fast nitritation process to satisfy the influent requirement for the UBF. The combined process was started on day 140 and then lasted for 30 days, during the combined process, between the two reactors, the UBF was the main contributor for TN(66.5% ± 4.5%)and COD(71.8% ± 4.9%) removal. These results demonstrated that strong SAD occurred in the UBF when following a ZSBR with in-situ NOB elimination. This research presents insights into a novel biological nitrogen removal process for low C/N ratio wastewater treatment.

关键词： Simultaneous anammox and denitrification Up-flow blanket filter Zeolite sequence batch reactor Biological nitrogen removal Wastewater treatment

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A novel approach to estimate and control denitrification performance in activated sludge systems with respirogram technology

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第11期34卷 112-121页

作者： Zhihua Li Yali Zhang Zhenyu Hang Meng Lu Haiguang Wang Xingdong Gao Ruina Zhang Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMOEXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Shanghai Environmental&Sanitary Engineering Design Institute Co.Ltd. Shanghai 200232China

Respirogram technology has been widely applied for aerobic process, however, the response of respirogram to anoxic denitrification is still unclear. To reveal such response may help to design a new method for the evaluation of the performance of denitrification. The size distribution of flocs measured at different denitrification moments demonstrated a clear expansion of flocs triggered by denitrification, during which higher specific endogenous and quasi-endogenous respiration rates(SOUReand SOURq) were also observed. Furthermore,SOURqincreases exponentially with the specific denitrification rate(SDNR), suggesting that there should be a maximum SDNR in conventional activated sludge systems. Based on these findings, an index Rq/t, defined as the ratio of quasi-endogenous(OURq) to maximum respiration rate(OURt), is proposed to estimate the denitrification capacity that higher Rq/tindicates higher denitrification potential, which can be readily obtained without complex measurement or analysis, and it offers a novel and promising respirogram-based approach for denitrification estimation and control by taking measures to extend anoxic time to maintain its value at a high level within a certain range.

关键词： denitrification Respirogram Activated sludge Oxygen uptake rate Biological nutrient removal

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