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An Approximation of the Customer Waiting Time for Online Restaurants Owning delivery System

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2019年第3期32卷 907-931页

作者： ZHANG Tianhua ZHAO Fu ZHANG Juliang MENDIS Gamini RU Yihong SUTHERLADN John W School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100010 China School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2088 USA Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2088 USA

Online restaurants, which receive online orders and deliver food directly to the customer’s residence, are becoming increasingly popular. To be successful, online restaurants need to provide reliable and prompt deliveries. Careful design of the meal preparation and order delivery systems is needed to avoid excessive cust omer waiting time bet ween ordering and delivery. This paper considers the meal preparation and delivery processes simultaneously to approximate average customer waiting time for deliveries. The authors first discuss the system performance with one cook and unit-capacity delivery vehicles, using an M/G/1queue and a GI/G/1queue. Numerical experiments show that our approximation can adequately describe real waiting times. Then, series queues with multiple cooks and multi-capacity delivery vehicles, e.g., an M/G/n queue and a GI/Gn/1 queue, are examined. Results show that except for situations with a large meal preparation time and a small vehicle capacity, compared with the result of simulation, the approximation in this paper is acceptable with a deviation of less than 20%. The marginal decrease in waiting time associated with hiring more vehicles is *** under different meal preparation speeds, sizes of service area and vehicle capacities.

关键词： delivery electronic commerce last mile problem online restaurant queuing theory

Graphene oxide-based hydrogels as a nanocarrier for anticancer drug delivery

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Nano Research 2019年第5期12卷 973-990页

作者： Abdullah A.Ghawanmeh Gomaa A.M.Ali H.Algarni Shaheen M.Sarkar Kwok Feng Chong Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology Universiti Malaysia PahangGambang26300 KuantanMalaysia Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut71524Egypt Department of Physics Faculty of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413P. O. Box 9004Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid UniversityAbha 61413P. O. Box 9004Saudi Arabia Bernal Institute Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of LimerickCastletroyV94 LimerickIreland

Graphene oxide (GO) possesses excellent mechanical strength,biocompatibility,colloidal stability,large surface area and high adsorption *** has driven to cancer nanotechnology to defeat cancer therapy obstacles,via integration into three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel network with biocompatible polymers as nanocomposites carrier,and controllable release of anticancer ***,the surface of GO affords π-π stacking and hydrophilic interactions with anticancer ***,modification of GO with various polymers such as natural and synthetic polymers enhances its biodegradability,drug loading,and target *** this review,GO based hydrogels research accomplishments are reviewed on the aspects of crosslinking strategies,preparation methods,the model drug,polymer conjugation and modification with targeting ***,swelling kinetics,drug release profile and biological activity in vivo and in vitro are *** biocompatibility of GO based hydrogels is also discussed from the perspective of its nano-bio *** from that,the clinical potential of GO based hydrogels and its major challenges are addressed in ***,this review concludes with a summary and invigorating future perspectives of GO based hydrogels for anticancer drug *** is anticipated that this review can stimulate a new research gateway to facilitate the development of anticancer drug delivery by harnessing the unique properties of GO based hydrogels,such as large surface area,chemical purity,high loading capacity of drug,chemical stability,and the nature of lipophilic for cell membrane penetration.

关键词： graphe ne oxide cancer nan otechnology hydrogel nanocarrier drug delivery

Hollow-core photonic crystal fibre for high power laser beam delivery

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2013年第1期1卷 17-28页

作者： Yingying Wang Meshaal Alharbi Thomas D.Bradley Coralie Fourcade-Dutin Benot Debord Benot Beaudou Frdric Germe Fetah Benabid Gas-phase Photonic Material Group CPPM Physics Department University of Bath GPPMM Group Xlim Research Institute CNRS UMR 7252 University of Limoges Institute of Laser Engineering Beijing University of Technology

We review the use of hollow-core photonic crystal fibre(HC-PCF)for high power laser beam delivery.A comparison of bandgap HC-PCF with Kagome-lattice HC-PCF on the geometry,guidance mechanism,and optical properties shows that the Kagome-type HC-PCF is an ideal host for high power laser beam transportation because of its large core size,low attenuation,broadband transmission,single-mode guidance,low dispersion and the ultra-low optical overlap between the core-guided modes and the silica *** power handling capability of Kagome-type HC-PCF is further experimentally demonstrated by millijoule nanosecond laser spark ignition and^100μJ sub-picosecond laser pulse transportation and compression.

关键词： High power beam delivery hollow-core photonic crystal fibre Kagome-type hollow-core photonic crystal fibre

Dual-targeting and microenvironment-responsive micelles as a gene delivery system to improve the sensitivity of glioma to radiotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第2期9卷 381-396页

作者： Xiuxiu Jiao Yuan Yu Jianxia Meng Mei He Charles Jian Zhang Wenqian Geng Baoyue Ding Zhuo Wang Xueying Ding Department of Pharmaceutics Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University Department of Pharmacy Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy Western University of Health Sciences Department of Pharmaceutics College of Medicine Jiaxing University

Dbait is a small double-stranded DNA molecule that has been utilized as a radiosensitizer to enhance the sensitivity of glioma to radiotherapy(RT). However, there is no effective drug delivery system to effectively overcome the blood–brain barrier(BBB). The aim of this study was to develop a gene delivery system by using the BBB and glioma dual-targeting and microenvironment-responsive micelles(ch-Kn(s-s)R8-An) to deliver Dbait into glioma for RT. Angiopep-2 can target the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1(LRP1) that is overexpressed on brain capillary endothelial cells(BCECs) and glioma cells. In particular, due to upregulated matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2) in the tumor microenvironment, we utilized MMP-2-responsive peptides as the enzymatically degradable linkers to conjugate angiopep-2. The results showed that ch-Kn(s-s)R8-An micelles maintained a reasonable size(80–160 nm) with a moderate distribution and a decreased mean diameter from the cross-linking as well as exhibited low critical micelle concentration(CMC) with positive surface charge, ranging from 15 to40 mV. The ch-K5(s-s)R8-An/pEGFP showed high gene transfection efficiency in vitro, improved uptake in glioma cells and good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the combination of ch-K5(s-s)R8-An/Dbait with RT significantly inhibited the growth of U251 cells in vitro. Thus, ch-K5(s-s)R8-An/Dbait may prove to be a promising gene delivery system to target glioma and enhance the efficacy of RT on U251 cells.

关键词： Glioma-targeting Cell-penetrating peptides Microenvironment-responsive micelles Gene delivery Radiosensitizer

Smartphone-powered iontophoresis-microneedle array patch for controlled transdermal delivery

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 13-26页

作者： Jingbo Yang Yanjun Li Rui Ye Ying Zheng Xiangling Li Yuzhen Chen Xi Xie Lelun Jiang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The incidence rate of diabetes has been increasing every year in nearly all nations and *** traditional control of diabetes using transdermal insulin delivery by metal needles is generally associated with pain and potential *** microneedle arrays(MAs)have emerged as painless delivery techniques,the integration of MA systems with electronic devices to precisely control drug delivery has rarely been *** this study,we developed an iontophoresis-microneedle array patch(IMAP)powered by a portable smartphone for the active and controllable transdermal delivery of *** IMAP in situ integrates iontophoresis and charged nanovesicles into one patch,achieving a one-step drug administration strategy of“penetration,diffusion and iontophoresis”.The MA of the IMAP is first pressed on the skin to create microholes and then is retracted,followed by the iontophoresis delivery of insulin-loaded nanovesicles through these microholes in an electrically controlled *** method has synergistically and remarkably enhanced controlled insulin *** amount of insulin can be effectively regulated by the IMAP by applying different current *** in vivo study has demonstrated that the IMAP effectively delivers insulin and produces robust hypoglycemic effects in a type-1 diabetic rat model,with more advanced controllability and efficiency than delivery by a pristine microneedle or *** IMAP system shows high potential for diabetes therapy and the capacity to provide active as well as long-term glycemic regulation without medical staff care.

关键词： needle patch delivery

Self-assembled thermosensitive luminescent nanoparticles with peptide-Au conjugates for cellular imaging and drug delivery

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第3期31卷 859-864页

作者： Xiaoyuan Zhang Wei Liu Haixia Wang Xinne Zhao Zhenfang Zhang Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus Li Shang Zhiqiang Su State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Faculty of Physics and Astronomy Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena 07743Germany Institute of Applied Physics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe 76128Germany Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344Germany e Institute of Toxicology and Genetics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344Germany Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 6J801 United States State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi'an 710072China

A facile and efficient strategy has been developed to fabricate a multifunctional,theranostic anticancer drug delivery platform featuring active targeting,controlled drug release and fluorescence imaging for real-time control of *** this end,thermo sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)(PNIPAM)nanospheres are decorated with peptide-Au cluster conjugates as a smart nanomedicine platform.A sophisticated trifunctional peptide is designed to release the anticancer drug doxorubicin(DOX),target cells and reduce Au^3+ions to form luminescent Au cluste ***,the peptide-Au cluster moieties are attached to the PNIPAM nanospheres via amide bonds rather than noncovalent interactions,significantly improving their stability in biological medium and drug release *** in vitro experiments showed that DOX was released in an efficient and controlled manner under physiological conditions.

关键词： Peptide-Au bioconjugates PNIPAM nanoparticles Fluorescence Drug delivery Cell imaging

Small interfering RNA delivery to the neurons near the amyloid plaques for improved treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第3期9卷 590-603页

作者： Qian Guo Xiaoyao Zheng Peng Yang Xiaoying Pang Kang Qian Pengzhen Wang Shuting Xu Dongyu Sheng Liuchang Wang Jinxu Cao Wei Lu Qizhi Zhang Xinguo Jiang Key Laboratory of Smart Drug delivery Ministry of Education & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers School of Pharmacy Fudan University

Gene therapy represents a promising treatment for the Alzheimer’s disease(AD). However,gene delivery specific to brain lesions through systemic administration remains big challenge. In our previous work, we have developed an siRNA nanocomplex able to be specifically delivered to the amyloid plaques through surface modification with both CGN peptide for the blood–brain barrier(BBB)penetration and QSH peptide for β-amyloid binding. But, whether the as-designed nanocomplex could indeed improve the gene accumulation in the impaired neuron cells and ameliorate AD-associated symptoms remains further study. Herein, we prepared the nanocomplexes with an siRNA against β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1), the rate-limiting enzyme of Aβ production, as the therapeutic siRNA of AD. The nanocomplexes exhibited high distribution in the Aβ deposits-enriched hippocampus, especially in the neurons near the amyloid plaques after intravenous administration. In APP/PS1 transgenic mice, the nanocomplexes down-regulated BACE1 in both mRNA and protein levels,as well as Aβ and amyloid plaques to the level of wild-type mice. Moreover, the nanocomplexes significantly increased the level of synaptophysin and rescued memory loss of the AD transgenic mice without hematological or histological toxicity. Taken together, this work presented direct evidences that the design of precise gene delivery to the AD lesions markedly improves the therapeutic outcome.

关键词： siRNA delivery Neurons Amyloid plaques BACE1 gene Alzheimer’s disease

Efficient lung cancer-targeted drug delivery via a nanoparticle/MSC system

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第1期9卷 167-176页

作者： Xusheng Wang Haiyan Chen Xiaowei Zeng Wenpeng Guo Yu Jin Shan Wang Ruiyun Tian Yanjiang Han Ling Guo Jimin Han Yaojiong Wu Lin Mei School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen) Sun Yat-sen University Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) Tsinghua University The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital) School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University NanFang PET/CT Center Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment South University of Science and Technology of China

Low targeting efficiency limits the applications of nanoparticles in cancer therapy. The fact that mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) trapped in the lung after systemic infusion is a disadvantage for cell therapy purposes. Here, we utilized MSC as lung cancer-targeted drug delivery vehicles by loading nanoparticles(NP)with anti-cancer drug. MSC showed a higher drug intake capacity than fibroblasts. In addition, MSC showed predominant lung trapping in both rabbit and monkey. IR-780 dye, a fluorescent probe used to represent docetaxel(DTX) in NP, delivered via MSC accumulated in the lung. Both in vitro MSC/A549 cell experiments and in vivo MSC/lung cancer experiments validated the intercellular transportation of NP between MSC and cancer cells. In vivo assays showed that the MSC/NP/DTX drug delivery system exerted primary tumor inhibition efficiency similar to that of a NP/DTX drug system. Collectively, the MSC/NP drug delivery system is promising for lung-targeted drug delivery for the treatment of lung cancer and other lung-related diseases.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Nanoparticle Drug delivery KrasG12D Lung cancer

Controlled delivery of ibuprofen from poly(vinyl alcohol)-poly(ethylene glycol) interpenetrating polymeric network hydrogels

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2019年第2期9卷 108-116页

作者： Subhraseema Das Usharani Subuddhi Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Rourkela

Hydrogels composed of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) and poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) were synthesized using glutaraldehyde as crosslinker and investigated for controlled delivery of the common anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen(IBF). To regulate the drug delivery, solid inclusion complexes(ICs) of IBF in β–cyclodextrin(β–CD) were prepared and added to the hydrogels. The ICs were prepared by the microwave irradiation method, which is more environmentally benign. The formation of IC was confirmed by various analytical techniques and the synthesized hydrogels were also characterized. Controlled release of drug was achieved from the hydrogels containing the ICs in comparison to the rapid release from hydrogels containing free *** preliminary kinetic analysis emphasized the crucial role of β–CD in the drug release process that influences the polymer relaxation, thereby leading to prolonged release. The cytotoxicity assay validated the hydrogels as non-toxic in nature and hence can be utilized for controlled delivery of IBF.

关键词： Hydrogels Poly(vinyl alcohol) Poly(ethylene glycol) Ibuprofen Controlled delivery systems