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Flame Retardant Material Based on Cellulose Scaffold Mineralized by Calcium Carbonate

Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 89-102页

作者： Jinshuo Wang Lida Xing Fulong Zhang Chuanfu Liu State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering School of Light Industry and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

Wood-based functional materials have developed rapidly.But the flammability significantly limits its further application.To improve the flame retardancy,the balsa wood was delignified by NaClO2 solution to create a cellulose scaffold,and then alternately immersed in CaCl_(2) ethanol solution and NaHCO3 aqueous solution under vacuum.The high porosity and wettability resulting from delignification benefited the following mineralization process,changing the thermal properties of balsa wood significantly.The organic-inorganic wood composite showed abundant CaCO_(3) spherical particles under scanning electron microscopy.The peak of the heat release rate of delignified balsa-CaCO_(3) was reduced by 33%compared to the native balsa,according to the cone calorimetric characterization.The flame test demonstrated that the mineralized wood was flame retardant and selfextinguish.Additionally,the mineralized wood also displayed lower thermal conductivity.This study developed a feasible way to fabricate a lightweight,fire-retardant,self-extinguishing,and heat-insulating wood composite,providing a promising route for the valuable application of cellulosic biomass.

关键词： Cellulose scaffold delignification CaCO_(3) mineralization fire retardancy

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Acetosolv delignification of marabou (Dichrostachys cinerea) wood with and without acid prehydrolysis

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Forestry Studies in China 2011年第1期13卷 64-70页

作者： Venkata Prabhakar SOUDHAM Dani RODRIGUEZ George J M ROCHA Mohammad J TAHERZADEH Carlos MARTIN Bioresource Technology Group Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Matanzas School of Engineering University of Bors Department of Biotechnology Lorena School of EngineeringUniversity of So Paulo

The chemical composition of marabou（Dichrostachys cinerea） wood and its treatment with acetic acid were investigated.Two different treatment approaches,direct acetosolv and combined acid prehydrolysis/acetosolv,were evaluated.The effects of acetic acid concentration（50%,70% and 90%） and temperature（normal boiling temperature and 121°C） on yield of solids,solubilization of lignin and hemicelluloses and recovery of cellulose were evaluated for both treatments.High solubilization of marabou components was observed in the direct acetosolv treatment at 121°C,especially at the highest acetic acid concentration,where around 84.8% of lignin and 78% of hemicelluloses were removed.When the material was subjected to acid prehydrolysis prior to acetosolv treatment,lignin solubilization was improved,especially at low acetic acid concentrations.Above 80% of the solubilized lignin was recovered from the liquors in the direct acetosolv treatment,but the recovery was lower in the combined treatment.Cellulose was well preserved in all the treatment schemes.

关键词： Dichrostachys cinerea delignification acetosolv acid hydrolysis

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Ethyl Levulinate Obtained from Lignocellulosic Waste Material with Previous delignification by Ultrasonic-Assisted Technique

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2017年第1期6卷 93-103页

作者： Jorge Ernesto Solá-Pérez Hugo Saldarriaga-Norena Mario Murillo-Tovar Centro de Investigaciones Químicas ICCBAUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosCuernavacaMéxico

Ultrasound-assisted pretreatment under mild operating conditions has been investigated for intensification of delignification to facilitate the obtaining of ethyl levulinate from biomass. The effect of pH (2 - 12), temperature (30°C - 70°C) and pretreatment time (0 - 120 minutes) has been studied for different biomass samples. The most favorable conditions were basic pH, temperature of 70°C and pretreatment time of 2 h, obtaining values of delignification near 80 percent. The ethyl levulinate is obtained in microwave directly via from samples before and after delignification and analyzed for GC-MS. The results evidenced better yields for the delignified samples.

关键词： Ethyl Levulinate delignification Wheat Straw Sugarcane Bagasse Maguey Bagasse

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Pulping of Wheat Straw with Caustic Potash-Ammonia Aqueous Solutions and Its Kinetics

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2006年第6X期14卷 729-733页

作者：黄国林张成芳陈中胜 Department of Chemical Engineering East China Institute of Technology Institute of Chemical Technology East China University of Science and Technology

A pulping technology of wheat straw with aqueous ammonia and diluent caustic potash was investigated. Because its strong alkalinity, the addition of caustic potash not only reduced the quantity of NH3 consumed and cooking time, but also enriched the black liquor with nutrients such as potassium and nitrogen, which could be used as fertilizer for agriculture. Various pulping conditions including composition of cooking liquor, liquor-to-solid ratio, maximum cooking temperature, time to reach the maximum temperature and time at the maximum temperature were studied systematically to determine the suitable pulping conditions. Results of the cooking course showed that there were three distinct delignification phases, namely, the bulk delignification phase from the beginning of cook- ing to 100℃, the supplementary delignification phase from 100℃ to 155℃ for 45min and the third delignification phase till the end of cooking. The rate of delignification was found to be first order with respect to residual lignin and 0.34 order with respect to [OH - ]. The activation energy of the delignification reaction was 29.75kJ·mol-1 and the rate equation of delignification was also obtained.

关键词： pulping wheat straw kinetics delignification

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Effect of hot-water extraction of sugar maple on organosolv delignification and lignin recovery

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2016年第1期1卷 22-29页

作者： Chen Gong Biljana Bujanovic Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering SUNY-ESF SyracuseNY China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute BeijingChina

This paper reported a gradual disassembly of the chemical components of hardwood,starting with hot-water extraction(HWE)for the removal of hemicelluloses,followed by organosolv delignification to remove the lignin.Under mild acid conditions,in addition to hemicelluloses,lower molecular weight lignin fractions were removed(~15%of the total lignin)in the HWE pre-treatment;also,the cleavage of the acid-labile lignin-carbohydrate bond took place to some extent.As a result,the HWE pretreatment promoted the subsequent delignification process and facilitated the lignin recovery from the spent liquor,in terms of higher delignification efficiency and higher purity of the lignin recovered from the spent liquor.The effects of the HWE pre-treatment prior to the delignification process were investigated in this study for both the oxygen-pressurized acetone-water(AWO)and the ALCELL processes,with focuses on the delignification efficiency and the properties of the lignin recovered from the process spent liquor.

关键词： Hot water extraction wood Organosol delignification Lignin recovery Sugar maple Acetone ALCELL

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胡麻杆碱性亚硫酸钠—蒽醌法蒸煮脱木素过程的研究及应用

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陕西科技大学学报 1987年第3期 60-70页

作者：陈林峰聂勋载张志芬

本文分析了胡麻原料的纤维形态,化学组成,着重研究了加麻AS—AQ法蒸煮过程中木素和碳水化合物的溶出规律,并对四种蒸煮方法的成浆质量进行了对比。试验结果表明:AS—AQ法胡庥浆得效高、硬度底、抄片物理强度好、抄纸板达牛皮箱纸板标准... 详细信息

本文分析了胡麻原料的纤维形态,化学组成,着重研究了加麻AS—AQ法蒸煮过程中木素和碳水化合物的溶出规律,并对四种蒸煮方法的成浆质量进行了对比。试验结果表明:AS—AQ法胡庥浆得效高、硬度底、抄片物理强度好、抄纸板达牛皮箱纸板标准。胡麻AS—AQ法纸浆对于生产强韧牛皮箱纸板是适宜的,并有突出的经济效益。

关键词： kraft paperboard sulfitc delignification carbohydrate lignin

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