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Modeling and Simulation of Heterojunction Solar Cell with Mono Crystalline Silicon

Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第3期12卷 997-1020页

作者： Sajid Ullah Ayesha Gulnaz Guangwei Wang School of Electronic Engineering Tianjin University of Technology and Education Tianjin China Department of Physics Rihah International University Islamabad Pakistan

The monocrystalline silicon is a promising material that could be used in solar cells that convert light into electricity. Although the cost of ordinary silicon (Si) solar cells has decreased significantly over the past two decades, the conversion efficiency of these cells has remained relatively high. While solar cells have a great potential as a device of renewable energy, the high cost they incur per Watt continues to be a significant barrier to their widespread implementation. As a consequence, it is vital to conduct research into alternate materials that may be used in the construction of solar cells. The heterojunction solar cell (HJSC), which is based on n-type zinc oxide (n-ZnO) and p-type silicon (p-Si), is one of the numerous alternatives of the typical Si single homojunction solar cell. There are many deficiencies that can be found in the published research on n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction solar cell. Inconsistencies in the stated value of open circuit voltage (Voc) of the solar cell are one example of deficiency. The absence of a full theoretical study to evaluate the potential of the solar cell structure is another deficiency that can be found in these researches. A lower value of experimentally obtained VOC in comparison to the theoretical prediction based on the band-gap between n-ZnO and p-Si. There needs to be more consensus among scientists regarding the optimal conditions for the growth of zinc oxide. Many software’s are available for simulating and optimizing the solar cells based on these parameters. For this purpose, in this dissertation, I provide computational results relevant to n-ZnO/p-Si HJSC to overcome deficiencies that have been identified. While modeling and simulating the potential of the solar cell structure with AFORS-HET, it is essential to consider the constraints that exist in the real world. AFORS-HET was explicitly designed to mimic the multilayer solar cell arrangement. In AFORS-HET, we can add up to seven layers for solar cell layout. By using this softwa

关键词： Heterojunction Solar Cell Silicon Monocrystalline deficiencies AFORS-HET Optimization Open Circuit Voltage Quantum Efficiency

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THE UNIQUENESS FOR ALGEBROID FUNCTIONS OF FINITE ORDER

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2020年第4期40卷 981-990页

作者：谭洋孔荫莹 School of Applied Mathematics Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519085China School of Statistics and Mathematics Institute of Capital Market and Audit Governance Studies for the Great Bay Area(GuangdongHong-KongMacao)Guangdong University of Finance and EconomicsGuangzhou 510320China

In this article,we discuss,by Nevanlinna theory,the influence of multiple values and deficiencies on the uniqueness problem of algebroid functions.We get several uniqueness theorems of algebroid functions which includ... 详细信息

关键词： multiple values deficiencies order uniqueness algebroid functions

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Nutritional deficiencies in the pediatric age group in a multicultural developed country,Israel

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世界临床病例杂志 2014年第5期2卷 120-125页

作者： Motti Haimi Aaron Lerner Children’s Health Center Clalit Health ServicesBruce and Ruth Rappaport School of MedicineTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology34369 HaifaIsrael Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit Carmel Medical CenterBruce and Ruth Rappaport School of MedicineTechnion- Israel Institute of Technology34369 HaifaIsrael

Nutrient deficiencies are prevalent worldwide.Diseases and morbid conditions have been described to result from nutritional deficiencies.It is essential to address nutrient deficiencies as these may lead to chronic longterm health problems such as rickets,iron deficiency anemia,goiter,obesity,coronary heart disease,type2 diabetes,stroke,cancer and osteoporosis.In the present review we surveyed the extent and severity of nutritional deficiencies in Israel through a selective and comprehensive Medline review of previous reports and studies performed during the last 40 years.Israel populations have multiple nutritional deficiencies,including iron,calcium,zinc,folic acid,and vitamins B12,C,D and E,spanning all age groups,several minorities,and specific regions.In Israel,some of the nutrients are mandatorily implemented and many of them are implemented voluntarily by local industries.We suggest ways to prevent and treat the nutritional deficiencies,as a step to promote food fortification in Israel.

关键词： Nutrient deficiencies Type 2 diabetes Obesity Israel

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Complications, Mineral and Vitamin deficiencies: Comparison between Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy

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Surgical Science 2013年第12期4卷 547-553页

作者： Nina Sauer Jan Wienecke Clarissa Schulze zur Wiesfch Stefan Wolter Oliver Mann Jens Aberle Department for Endocrinology and Diabetology University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE) Hamburg Germany Department for Visceral and Abdominal Surgery University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE) Hamburg Germany

Objective: Nutritional deficiencies are known side-effects of bariatric surgeries, specifically in those that bypass the proximal intestine. Therefore, in clinical practice, vitamin and mineral supplementations are often necessary after such operations. It was our intention to evaluate, whether alimentary deficiencies occur with the same frequency in patients following Sleeve-Gastrectomy (SG) compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgeries. Methods: We conducted a retrospective data analysis of 171 patients (121 RYGB, 50 SG). Vitamin levels were compared between SG and RYGB patients over the first post-operative year. Furthermore, regression analysis was performed with regard to vitamin and iron supplementations and their recommended dosages. Complications occurring within the first post-surgical year were documented as well. Results: Other than vitamin B6 deficiency, which was found to be more frequent in SG patients, there was no other significant difference regarding the type of operation and the number of patients who had these deficiencies. There was no significant difference in average vitamin and iron levels between RYGB and SG. A minimum dose of 1000 IU vitamin D per day was necessary to affect vitamin D levels. The intramuscular administration of vitamin B12 was the only route found to be effective. Complications within the first year were rare. Conclusions: Against common assumptions, vitamin and iron deficiencies in SG patients are not less frequent in the first post-surgical year?in comparison to RYGB patients. Standard supplementations should include iron in premenopausal women: Vitamin D at least 1000 IU per day and vitamin B12 i.m. administration in case of a deficiency.

关键词： Nutritional deficiencies Vitamin Supplementation Bariatric Surgery

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis in an indigenous infant with Down’s syndrome: A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第12期12卷 574-576页

作者： Fernanda Fresneda Villibor Geracina Marchesini Ana Lúcia Roselino Ribeiro RenataOliveira Guaré Centro Universitário Tocantinense Presidente Antonio Carlos AraguaínaTocantinsBrasil Programa de Pós Graduacao em Odontologia Universidade Cruzeiro do SulSao PauloSao PauloBrasil Hospital de Doencas Tropicais AraguaínaTocantinsBrasil Faculdade de Ciencias do Tocantins AraguaínaTocantinsBrasil

Rationale: Leishmaniasis, caused by the protozoan Leishmania and transmitted by sandflies, is endemic to the tropical and subtropical areas of Brazil. It is one of the neglected tropical diseases in the world. Patient concerns: A 20-month-old indigenous infant with severe malnutrition and Down’s syndrome presented with a facial ulcer for 5 months. Diagnosis: Giemsa staining of scraped ulcer tissues indicated the presence of the amastigote form of Leishmania sp., and positive Montenegro’s intradermal test helped in diagnosing the condition as cutaneous leishmaniasis. Interventions: The child was hospitalized and received intravenous treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis(1 mg/kg/day of amphotericin B). Outcomes: The condition was cured with amphotericin B(1 mg/kg/day for 14 d). Lessons: Because of infanticide practices in indigenous cultures, indigenous infants with Down’s syndrome rarely survive. Thus, no similar case has been reported in the literature.

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Indigenous Down’s syndrome Immune deficiencies

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Soil Agricultural Potential in Four Common Andean Land Use Types in the Highlands of Southern Ecuador as Revealed by a Corn Bioassay

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第10期6卷 1129-1140页

作者： Gustavo Chacón Daniel Gagnon David Paré Department of Biology Ecology and Management Universidad del Azuay Cuenca Ecuador Department of Biology Faculty of Science University of Regina Regina Canada Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Laurentian Forestry Centre Sainte-Foy Canada

In the Andes, little is known about the relationships among current land uses and their effect on soil fertility. Corn (Zea mays L.) was used to evaluate soil quality for plant growth on soils of four land uses, along an expected gradient of fertility: native forests (Nf) > pastures (Pa) > Eucalyptus globulus Labill. plantations (Eg) > Pinus patula Schlecht. plantations (Pp). Corn was grown in soils taken from four different areas, for the four land uses in each. In a common garden, a randomized block design was used with four treatments: controls (C), ammonium nitrate (N), triple superphosphate (P), and combined N and P fertilizers (N + P). On soils from Nf, Pa and Eg, fertilization response was N + P > P > N > C;corn biomass (g/pot-1) averaged 4.5 in N + P, 3.3 in P, 1.8 in N, 1.7 in C;P content (mg/pot-1) averaged 12 in N + P, 11.9 in P, 2.3 in N, 2 in C. N + P enhanced growth the most. Mortality was high on Pp soils, growth weak, and fertilization response was P > N + P > C ≥ N;corn biomass (g/pot-1) was 0.9 in P, 0.5 in N + P, 0.8 in C, 0.4 in N;P content (mg/pot-1) was 4.4 in P, 2.3 in N + P, 1.8 in C, 1 in N. All soils had P, K, Ca and Mg deficiencies. Al toxicity possibly occurred only in Pp soils. All control soils had low fertility. Responses to N and P were high except for Pp. Pastures and plantations were once natural forests converted to agriculture, then to pastures as soil fertility declined. Plantations were likely established on poorest pastures;only pine grew on poorest soils. This land use endpoint has the lowest agricultural potential;other land uses have limitations in P, N, and potentially K.

关键词： Andosol Nutrient deficiencies Land Use Impacts Montane Forests Paute Watershed

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Factors That Affect Consumption Patterns and Market Demands for Honey in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第17期5卷 1725-1737页

作者： Sobhy Ismaiel Safar Al Kahtani Nuru Adgaba Ahmed A. Al-Ghamdi Abdu Zulail Department of Agricultural Economics College of Food and Agriculture Science King Saud University Riyadh KSA College of Food and Agriculture Sciences King Saud University Riyadh KSA

Despite the significant annual consumption of honey in Saudi Arabia, information gaps remain with regard to the marketing and market structure of honey along the value chain. This study analyzed the major factors that influenced the consumption, expenditure patterns, and demand of honey in Saudi Arabia. This study forecasted the near-future expected market demands for honey in Saudi Arabia by collecting and analyzing the primary data using questionnaires. A total of 331 respondents from representative regions and large cities were randomly selected and interviewed. The data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods as well as appropriate econometric models. Respondents characterized honey quality using organoleptic words, and these characterizations varied based on the relative significance of perception parameters. Taste, aroma, physical state, and color had aggregated average scores of 4.58, 4.44, 3.54, and 3.28, respectively. In addition to the above parameters, honey source, brand name, and confidence in the producers influenced its perceived quality. The major outlets for honey in Saudi Arabia included producers, specialized honey stores, and auction markets in major cities during the harvesting seasons. Medication, food, and sweetening were the major motivations for buying honey in the Saudi market, with aggregate scores of 4.52, 3.71, and 1.52, respectively. Significant honey price variations were observed within and among different honeys and packaging volumes;this finding might be due to factors such as botanical and geographical origins, package volume size economics (i.e., bulk purchases), honey variety blending, brand names, and producer policies. The average price of locally produced honey was approximately $73 per kg, which is 10 times more than the average price of honey in the US and the EU. The estimated consumption/income elasticity was 0.27. These results suggest that honey is a basic commodity in Saudi Arabia. Based on econometric model forecasts, the Saudi market demand for hon

关键词： Honey Consumption Patterns Demand Forecasting Honey Quality Elasticity Marketing deficiencies

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Research on the Framework of the Construction of Financial Management Informatization

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2018年第1期2卷 10-14页

作者： Dai Yuanjun Guangzhou Civil Aviation College

The development of our country’s financial industry can not do without new information technology.In this information age,all industries require the application of information technology.The arrival of the information age not only affects human life,but also promotes the effective development of economy and brings a lot of help to the development of financial economy.The imperfect construction of financial information management leads to a series of problems,which limits the progress of the construction of financial informatization.This article briefly introduces the current situation and existing problems of the construction of financial management informatization,puts forward reasonable and effective solving strategies to promote our country’s construction of financial management informatization.

关键词： financial institutions deficiencies construction standard solving strategies

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Approaching Irony: A Critical Appraisal of Irony Theories

Approaching Irony: A Critical Appraisal of Irony Theories

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作者：曹佳浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

Figurative language has received considerable attention from philosophers, cognitive psychologists and linguists due to the challenge it poses for theories of language comprehension. Irony, as a category of figurative language, although has not been paid due attention as metaphor has, still has its very stand in the rich and varied world of language, and deserves our study, including the study of its producing mechanism, its nature and properties, its psychological and philosophical significance, etc.. In fact, scholars in a number of fields have made great efforts to study irony, and have put forward numerous theories, bringing about profound influence on irony study. This thesis is an attempt to make a critique of irony theories, including the traditional views of irony, and several linguistic theories of irony especially the pragmatic ones, namely, Gricean irony theory, speech act analysis of irony and echoic-mention theory within a relevance-based framework. After pointing out the deficiencies and merits of these theories, I conclude that the echoic-mention theory uncovers the nature of irony and surpasses other related paradigm on this subject both in theory and in practice. Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction to the irony study and the structure of the thesis. Chapter 2 is a survey of the history and typology of irony. In chapter 3,1 make a critical analysis of traditional irony theories, which can be divided into three main categories: the common knowledge and dictionary definition, the literary irony theory and linguistic irony theory. During the discussion, I have pointed out that these categories of traditional views present a prodigious sameness. Chapter 4 continues with a critical evaluation of the mainstream irony theories in pragmatics, including Grice’s theory of irony, and HaVerkate’s speech act analysis of irony. The former regards irony as an example of the violation of the maxim of Quality while the latter assum

关键词： Irony Theories Appraisal nature of related paradigm subject practice After pointing out deficiencies speech analysis framework theory linguistic especially pragmatic traditional

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Analyse the deficiencies in Teaching English speaking in Secondary School in China

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校园英语 2014年第20期 41-41页

作者：黄晓丽董丽哲石家庄信息工程职业学院

Speaking is very essential for second language learners.The final aim of language teachers is to help learners use the language flexibly.The essay discusses the existing problems in teaching speaking.

关键词： deficiencies teaching English speaking secondary school

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