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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among defence and Security Forces in Northern Benin (2023)

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 142-161页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza Gnandji David Sinet Koivogui Dalmace Fauste Adjaho Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou Francis Tognon Tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Faculté de Médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre Nationale Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as “actual exposure to death or the threat of death, serious injury or sexual violence”, either directly or indirectly, resulting in a symptomatic procession of repetition, avoidance, neurovegetative hyperactivity and individualized symptoms, with or without negative cognitive and mood changes. It therefore goes without saying that the defence and security forces constitute a high-risk population in need of attention. Objective: To study post-traumatic stress disorder in defence and security forces in the city of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of active military, republican police and firefighters in the city of Parakou in 2023. Non-proportional stratified sampling was used, given the inaccessibility of the source population size for national security reasons. Post-traumatic stress disorder was assessed using the “post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCLS-5) scale. Results: A total of 305 subjects participated in the survey. Males dominated 90.2%. The most represented corps was the Republican Police (41.6%), most of whom were non-commissioned officers (46.6%). The majority count between 11 and 20 years of service (48.9%), with 2 to 5 missions completed (67.5%). The calculated prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was 11.8%, based on the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCL-5). Of the 36 respondents with post-traumatic stress disorder, 20 (55.6%) had experienced an armed attack, 25 (69.4%) had witnessed a violent death, 18 (50.0%) had witnessed the agony of a colleague, 15 (41.7%) had been exposed to a fire or explosion, while 26 (72.2%) had been traumatized by physical and/or verbal aggression. 5 (13.9%) had consulted a specialist psychiatrist, while 6 (16.7%) were on medication and 26 (72.2%) used sport as a means of maintaining physical and mental health. Respectively 22 (61.1%) and 21 (58.3%) had definite symptoms of anxie

关键词： Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Forces defence Security Benin 2023

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A review on lightweight materials for defence applications:Present and future developments

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第6期24卷 1-17页

作者： Suchart Siengchin National defence College(Thai NDC 65) National Defence Studies InstituteVibhavadee-Rangsit Road DindaengBangkok 10400Thailand The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering(TGGS) King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok(KMUTNB)Bangkok 10800Thailand

The defence sector is now at an advanced level,catering to the global scenario,and countries also invest heavily in research and development.Countries around the world have spent a lot of money on research and development over the years in order to stay ahead of their competitors.Lightweight materials are critical in defence applications because they allow components to be lighter without sacrificing strength.This review provides an overview of the research related to defence applications.The book provides comprehensive details on current trends in the application of lightweight materials in defence.This review also includes historical and current perspectives on defence technologies.It discusses uses of lightweight materials such as metal matrix composites,polymer composites,ceramic matrix composites,fiber composites in defence sectors Finally,the review paper also emphasizes future military applications of lightweight materials.

关键词： Lightweight materials defence Technologies Developments Applications

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CHANGED CONTENTS OF MONOAMINES AND THEIR METABOLITES OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID DURING INHIBITION OF defence PRESSOR RESPONSE BY INPUTS OF DEEP PERONEAL NERVE IN RABBITS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第13期34卷 1134-1139页

作者：夏萤张安中曹小定唐琴梅徐修容 Department of Neurobiology Shanghai Medical University Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Academia Sinica

It has been demonstrated that excitation of hypothalamic defence area (HDA) causes an increase in sympathetic activity of the cardiovascular system and changes of other functions, which may be related to the activities of central monoamines; electroacupuncture applied to "Zusanli" or deep peroneal nerve stimulation (DPNS) can inhibit HDA stimulation-induced pressor, ventricular extrasystoles and other de-

关键词： deep peroneal nerve defence reaction hypothalamus

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BRAIN MONO-AMINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND ENDOGE-NOUS OPIOID PEPTIDES DURING INHIBITION OF defence PRESSOR RESPONSE BY INPUTS OF DEEP PERONEAL NERVE IN RABBITS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第14期34卷 1221-1225页

作者：夏萤张安中曹小定唐琴梅徐修容 Department of Neurobiology Shanghai Medical University Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Academia Sinica

It has been reported that stimulation of hypothalamic defence area (HDA) led to the increased release of central NA and other monoamine neurotransmitters,

关键词： deep peroneal nerve defence reaction pressor endogenous opioid peptide monoamine neurotransmitter

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Security defence Policy Selection Method Using the Incomplete Information Game Model

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China Communications 2015年第S2期12卷 123-131页

作者： ZHANG Hengwei YU Dingkun WANG Jindong HAN Jihong WANG Na Zhengzhou Institute of Information Science and Technology

Nowadays, the network defence policy selection using game model of incomplete information ignores the type of the defender, which quantifies cost simply, resulting in unreasonable defence policies selection. Aiming at the problem, we use Bayesian game theory to model the active defence policy selection. We take the types of both the attacker and the defender into consideration. Besides, the traditional quantization method is enhanced. Then, we calculate the equilibrium of static Bayesian game. Based on the analysis of the equilibrium, we select the optimal defence policy through the prediction for attackers' actions. The paper calculates the defence effectiveness of defence policies and provides a defence policies selection algorithm. Ultimately, we present an example to verify the effectiveness of the method and model proposed in the paper.

关键词： game incomplete information policy selection active defence

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Optimal Active defence Using Dynamic Multi-Stage Signalling Game

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China Communications 2015年第S2期12卷 114-122页

作者： ZHANG Hengwei LI Tao WANG Jindong HAN Jihong Zhengzhou Institute of Information Science and Technology

Nowadays, security defence of network uses the game theory, which mostly applies complete information game model or even the static game model. To get closer to the actual network and defend actively, we propose a network attack-defence game model by using signalling game, which is modelled in the way of dynamic and incomplete information. We improve the traditional attack-defence strategies quantization method to meet the needs of the network signalling game model. Moreover, we give the calculation of the game equilibrium and analyse the optimal defence scheme. Finally, we analyse and verify effectiveness of the model and method through a simulation experiment.

关键词： active defence dynamic incomplete information multi-stage signalling game theory

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defence Against Adversarial Attacks Using Clustering Algorithm

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国际计算机前沿大会会议论文集 2019年第1期 331-333页

作者： Yanbin Zheng Hongxu Yun Fu Wang Yong Ding Yongzhong Huang Wenfen Liu Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China School of Computer Science and Network Security Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan China

Deep learning model is vulnerable to adversarial examples in the task of image classification. In this paper, a cluster-based method for defending against adversarial examples is proposed. Each adversarial example before attacking a classifier is reconstructed by a clustering algorithm according to the pixel values. The MNIST database of handwritten digits was used to assess the defence performance of the method under the fast gradient sign method (FGSM) and the DeepFool algorithm. The defence model proposed is simple and the trained classifier does not need to be retrained.

关键词： Deep learning Adversarial example Adversarial attack Clustering algorithm defence method

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EFFECT OF STIMULATION OF HYPOTHALAMIC defence AREA ON CONTENTS OF MONOAMINES AND THEIR METABOLITES IN RABBIT CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第12期34卷 1044-1048页

作者：夏萤张安中曹小定唐琴梅徐修容 Department of Neurobiology Shanghai Medical University Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Academia Sinica

In recent years, the importance of hypothalamic defence area (HDA) has attracted more and more attention. Many researchers demonstrated that HDA plays a very important role in cardiovascular and behavioral regulations. However, so far release of central neurotransmitters during excitement of HDA is unknown. The present study showed that stimulation of HDA could increase the contents of monoamines and their metabolites, especially the latter, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rabbits.

关键词： hypothalamus defence reaction monoamine metabolites.

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Pursuing Beauty in Utopia: A defence of The Picture of Dorian Gray

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海外英语 2016年第1期 177-178,181页

作者：田紫娟东北师范大学外国语学院

The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde's only novel, has created a great sensation after its publication. This article tries to justify the righteousness of Wilde's declamation—art for art's sake rather than for morality. Facing the dilemma of the coexistent Realism and Romanticism and restricted by the prevailed Puritan doctrine, Wilde chose to evade into the shelter of Utopia. In his Utopian world, there's no morality or immorality, there's only beauty. With his self-fashioning aestheticism, Oscar Wilde pursues beauty in his own Utopian world.

关键词： pursuing beauty Utopia defence The Picture of Dorian Gray

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Transcriptional Regulation of miR528 by OsSPL9 Orchestrates Antiviral Response in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2019年第8期12卷 1114-1122页

作者： Shengze Yao Zhirui Yang Rongxin Yang Yu Huang Ge Guo Xiangyue Kong Ying Lan Tong Zhou He Wang Wenming Wang Xiaofeng Cao Jianguo Wu Yi Li The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Plant Protection Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Rice Research Institute and College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Vector-borne Virus Research Center State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan CropsCollege of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Many microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of plant antiviral defense.However,little is known about how these miRNAs respond to virus invasion at the transcriptional level.We previously show that defense against Rice stripe virus (RSV) invasion entailed a reduction of miR528 accumulation in rice,alleviating miR528-mediated degradation of L-Ascorbate Oxidase (AO) mRNA and bolstering the antiviral activity of AO.Here we show that the miR528-A0 defense module is regulated by the transcription factor SPL9.SPL9 displayed high-affinity binding to specific motifs within the promoter region of miR528 and activated the expression of miR528 gene in vivo.Loss-of-function mutations in SPL9 caused a significant reduction in miR528 accumulation but a substantial increase of AO mRNA,resulting in enhanced plant resistance to RSV.Conversely,transgenic overexpression of SPL9 stimulated the expression of miR528 gene,hence lowering the level of AO mRNA and compromising rice defense against RSV.Importantly,gain in RSV susceptibility did not occur when SPL9 was overexpressed in mir528 loss-of-function mutants,or in transgenic rice expressing a miR528-resistant AO.Taken together,the finding of SPL9-mediated transcriptional activation of miR528 expression adds a new regulatory layer to the miR528-A0 antiviral defense pathway.

关键词： SPL9 miR528 Antiviral defence Rice

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