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Methane-to-chemicals:a pathway to decarbonization

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 56-71页

作者： Nikolai Nesterenko Izabel C.Medeiros-Costa Edwin B.Clatworthy Hugo Cruchade Stanislav V.Konnov Jean-Pierre Dath Jean-Pierre Gilson Svetlana Mintova Total Energies One Tech Belgium Zone Industrielle C Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie(LCS) ENSICAENCNRSNormandie Université

The utilization of methane for chemical production,often considered as the future of petrochemistry,historically could not compete economically with conventional processes due to higher investment costs.Achieving sustainability and decarbonization of the downstream industry by integration with a methane-to-chemicals process may provide an opportunity to unlock the future for these technologies.Gas-to-chemicals is an efficient tool to boost the decarbonization potential of renewable energy.While the current implementation of carbon capture utilization and storage(CCUS) technologies is of great importance for industrial decarbonization,a shift to greener CO2-free processes and CO2utilization from external sources for manufacturing valuable goods is highly preferred.This review outlines potential options for how a methane-to-chemicals process could support decarbonization of the downstream industry.

关键词： methane chemicals pathways decarbonization

Review of trans-Mediterranean power grid interconnection:a regional roadmap towards energy sector decarbonization

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Global Energy Interconnection 2023年第1期6卷 115-126页

作者： Kaifeng Yu Paul van Son Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization Beijing 100031P.R.China Global Energy Interconnection Group Co.Ltd. Beijing 100031P.R.China Dii Desert Energy Dubai 487389United Arab Emirates

Climate change is becoming an important issue in all fields of infrastructure development.Electricity plays a core role in the decarbonized energy system’s path to a regional zero-emission pattern.A well-built trans-Mediterranean backbone grid can hedge the profound evolution of regional power generation,transmission,and consumption.To date,only Turkey and the Maghreb countries(i.e.,Morocco,Algeria,and Tunisia)are connected with the Continental European Synchronous Area.Other south-and east-shore countries have insufficient interconnection infrastructures and synchronization difficulties that have proven to be major hurdles to the implementation of large-scale solar and wind projects and achievement of climate goals.This study analyzes the current trans-boundary grid interconnections and power and carbon emission portfolios in the Mediterranean region.To align with the recently launched new climate target‘Fit for 55’program and the accelerated large-scale renewables target,a holistic review of projected trans-Mediterranean grids and their market,technical,and financial obstacles of implementation was conducted.For south-and east-shore countries,major legal and regulatory barriers encompassing non-liberalized market structure,regulation gaps of taxation and transmission tariffs,and the private sector’s access rights need to be removed.Enhancement of domestic grids,substations,and harmonized grid codes and frequency,voltage,and communication technology standards among all trans-Mediterranean countries are physical prerequisites for implementing the Trans-Mediterranean Electricity Market.In addition,the mobilization of capital instruments along with private and international investments is indispensable for the realization of supranational transmission projects.As the final section of the decarbonization roadmap,the development of electric appliances,equipment,and vehicles with higher efficiency is inevitable in the decarbonized building,transportation,and industry sectors.

关键词： Mediterranean Grid interconnection Regional roadmap Power system decarbonization Climate change

How to Deal with the Trade-off between Development and decarbonization for Rural Logistics in China?Evidence from Jiangsu

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2023年第6期32卷 656-686页

作者： Xiaoyu Bian Jing Xu School of Economics and Management Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212013China Business School Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China

Rural logistics faces a dilemma between development and high carbon emissions in China.We assess the tension between rural logistics development and carbon emissions from the perspective of policy guidance by modeling a rural logistics system using Jiangsu’s data.We simulate the development trend of Jiangsu rural logistics under carbon abatement policies from 2021–2030,with a focus on promoting its development while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions at a minimal cost.The findings show that rural logistics will move towards high carbon emissions without a carbon abatement policy,while the huge tax pressure of carbon reduction policies reduces the profitability of rural logistics,leading to a trade-off between development and decarbonization.From the perspective of implementation timing and manner of carbon abatement policies implementation,we propose a pathway for securing the profitability of rural logistics and resolving the trade-off.

关键词： Rural logistics carbon emissions policy guidance decarbonization development trade-off

Electrification and decarbonization: a critical review of interconnected sectors, policies, and sustainable development goals

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Energy Storage and Saving 2023年第4期2卷 615-630页

作者： Icaro B.Boa Morte Ofelia de Queiroz F.Araújo Claudia R.V.Morgado Jose Luiz de Medeiros Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroRJ 21941-909Brazil

Climate actions(SDG-13)aim at limiting global warming by targeting carbon emissions reduction.With the energy industry recognized as a significant CO_(2) emitter,SDG-13 policies mostly translate energy transition to renewables(SDG-7)and the electrification of end-users,both energy-demanding sectors and society(cities,households,and mobility).The double-layered actions parallel the classical“cascade control”employed in industrial sectors.For achieving deep decarbonization,the ambitious net-zero emissions(NZE),large-scale deployment of renewables demand storage,with hydrogen as a prominent chemical storage alternative,and carbon capture&storage(CCS)for hard-to-electrify sectors.Infrastructure developments need policy and capital investments,and geopolitics and resource availability challenge and offer opportunities.Since decarbonization and electrification have multiple realization paths and impact the industrial metabolism,SDGs are interconnected with synergies and trade-offs.Prioritization of SDGs by policymakers is necessary for resilience and robustness in achieving climate goals within a systems dynamics approach.This critical review identifies niches in decarbonization and electrification,enlightening the industrial metabolism under the lens of SDGs.

关键词： Climate policies Energy policies decarbonization Electrification Systems dynamics Industrial Metabolism

Modelling and analyzing the impact of hydrogen enriched natural gas on domestic gas boilers in a decarbonization perspective

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2020年第1期3卷 122-129页

作者： Fabio Schiro Anna Stoppato Alberto Benato University of Padova Department of Industrial EngineeringVia Venezia n.1PadovaItaly

decarbonization of energy economy is nowadays a topical theme,and several pathways are under discussion.Gaseous fuels have a fundamental role for this transition,and the production of low carbon-impact fuels is necessary to deal with this challenge.The generation of renewable hydrogen is a trusted solution since this energy vector can be promptly produced from electricity and injected into the existing natural gas infrastructure,granting storage capacity and easy transportation.This scenario will lead,in the near future,to hydrogen enrichment of natural gas,whose impact on the infrastructures is being actively studied.The effect on end-user devices such as domestic gas boilers,instead,is still little analyzed and tested,but is fundamental to be assessed.The aim of this research is to generate knowledge on the effect of hydrogen enrichment on the widely used premixed boilers:the investigations include pollutant emissions,efficiency,flashback and explosion hazard,control system and materials selection.A model for calculating several parameters related to combustion of hydrogen enriched natural gas is presented.Guidelines for the design of new components are provided,and an insight is given on the maximum hydrogen blending bearable by the current boilers.

关键词： Hydrogen enriched natural gas Hydrogen decarbonization Premixed boiler Combustion

Effects of key factors of rotary triboelectrostatic separator on efficiency of fly ash decarbonization

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第6期27卷 1037-1042页

作者： Tao Youjun Zhang Ling Tao Dongping Xian Yushuai Sun Qixiao Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Education China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China School of Mining Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan 114051 China

On the basis of understanding the principle of rotary triboelectrostatic separation, dynamic analysis of charged fly ash particles aimed at determining the key factors and separation experiments to improve decarbonization efficiency had been carried out Variables of electrode plate voltage and corrected wind speed are the key factors which affect the decarbonization efficiency on the separation of fly ash, The results of separation experiments show that:(1) With the plate voltage increasing, the efficiency of decarbonization continuously rises and in its selected range, the optimal voltage level is 45 KV;(2) The corrected wind speed can impact the efficiency of decarbonization significantly: with the speed increasing, the efficiency of decarbonization shows a trend of first decline, then increase and decrease again, and in its selected range, the optimal speed is 2.0 m/s. This study is of significance for the improvement of rotary triboelectrostatic separation performance and its decarbonization separation efficiency.

关键词： Rotary triboelectrostatic separation decarbonization Plate voltage Corrected wind speed Fly ash

Achievements and Challenges in European Energy Markets

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第3期11卷 698-704页

作者： Christoph Weber University of Duisburg-Essen EssenGermany IEEE

The European electricity and gas markets have been deregulated more than two decades before.From rather diverse starting points,they have continuously evolved over the years to accommodate with new challenges and to improve integration.Since 2005,these markets have been complemented by the market for emission certificates established by the European Union(EU)emission trading system.Three partly competing paradigms have thereby shaped the markets and continue to drive their on-going transformation:effective competition,subsidiarity and sustainability.

关键词： Electricity marker Europe carbon pricing market design deregulation decarbonization sustainable energy system

一种新型太阳能热电化学耦合甲烷重整制氢脱碳与太阳能储能方法

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Science Bulletin 2024年第8期69卷 1109-1121页

作者：郭轲刘明恺王彬娄佳慧郝勇裴刚金红光 Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Wu Zhonghua College North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Hydrogen is widely regarded as a sustainable energy carrier with tremendous potential for low-carbon energy transition.Solar photovoltaic-driven water electrolysis(PV-E)is a clean and sustainable approach of hydrogen production,but with major barriers of high hydrogen production costs and limited capacity.Steam methane reforming(SMR),the state-of-the-art means of hydrogen production,has yet to overcome key obstacles of high reaction temperature and CO_(2)emission for sustainability.This work proposes a solar thermo-electrochemical SMR approach,in which solar-driven mid/low-temperature SMR is combined with electrochemical H_(2)separation and in-situ CO_(2)capture.The feasibility of this method is verified experimentally,achieving an average methane conversion of 96.8%at a dramatically reduced reforming temperature of 400-500℃.The underlying mechanisms of this method are revealed by an experimentally calibrated model,which is further employed to predict its performance for thermoelectrochemical hydrogen production.Simulation results show that a net solar-to-H_(2)efficiency of26.25%could be obtained at 500℃,which is over 11 percentage points higher than that of PV-E;the first-law thermodynamic efficiency reaches up to 63.27%correspondingly.The enhanced efficiency also leads to decreased fuel consumption and lower CO_(2)emission of the proposed solar-driven SMR system.Such complementary conversion of solar PV electricity,solar thermal energy,and low-carbon fuel provides a synergistic and efficient means of sustainable H_(2)production with potentially long-term solar energy storage on a vast scale.

关键词： Hydrogen Solar fuel Thermo-electrochemical conversion decarbonization Solar energy storage

Exploring the merits of geographical diversification of solar PV power plants for a resilient PV-dominated electricity grid in India

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 885-910页

作者： Saikat Ghosh Jatindra Nath Roy Chandan Chakraborty Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur721302India Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur721302India

India is highly dependent on solar photovoltaics(PV)to harness its vast solar resource potential and combat climate change.However,∼90%of the installed PV capacity in India is concentrated in the top nine states,with the remaining states lagging behind.The research reveals that during monsoons,heavy cloud cover and rain lead to high solar resource variability,intermittency and the risk of very low PV generation,which can result in reliability issues in future PV-dominated electricity grids.Although energy storage can help in overcoming high intermittency,there are multiple challenges associated with it.The novelty of this study lies in demonstrating the benefits of combining multiple PV sites in various regions to mitigate the risks of low PV generation and high variability.The variability of individual sites was found to be up to∼3.5 times higher than the variability of combined generation.During noon,prominent solar park sites like Bhadla and NP Kunta experience a decrease in power generation to values as low as∼10%of the rated PV capacity.However,the minimum generation of the large-scale dispersed PV generation is>30%.Furthermore,the research identifies other benefits of dispersing PV generation across the country,viz.,reduction of seasonal variability by adding PV capacity in the southern region,widening of the PV generation span,more room for PV capacity addition,reduction in storage and ramping needs,utilization of hydroelectric potential of the north-east and PV potential of Ladakh,and creating opportunities for sustainable development in rural agrarian regions through agrivoltaics.

关键词： decarbonization PV-based resilient grid PV variability and intermittency solar PV power plants