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Inhaled hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis: Reviewing the potential evidence for modulation of neutrophil signalling and function

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2015年第3期4卷 179-191页

作者： Emer P Reeves Cormac McCarthy Oliver J McElvaney Maya Sakthi N Vijayan Michelle M White Danielle M Dunlea Kerstin Pohl Noreen Lacey Noel G McElvaney Respiratory Research Division Department of Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Beaumont Hospital

cystic fibrosis(CF) is a multisystem disorder with significantly shortened life expectancy. The major cause of mortality and morbidity is lung disease with increasing pulmonary exacerbations and decline in lung function predicting significantly poorer outcomes. The pathogenesis of lung disease in CF is characterised in part by decreased airway surface liquid volume and subsequent failure of normal mucociliary clearance. This leads to accumulation of viscous mucus in the CF airway, providing an ideal environment for bacterial pathogens to grow and colonise, propagating airway inflammation in CF. The use of nebulised hypertonic saline(HTS) treatments has been shown to improve mucus clearance in CF and impact positively upon exacerbations, quality of life, and lung function. Several mechanisms of HTS likely improve outcome, resulting in clinically relevant enhancement in disease parameters related to increase in mucociliary clearance. There is increasing evidence to suggest that HTS is also beneficial through its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to reduce bacterial activity and biofilm formation. This review will first describe the use of HTS in treatment of CF focusing on its efficacy and tolerability. The emphasis will then change to the potential benefits of aerosolized HTS for the attenuation of receptor mediated neutrophil functions, including down-regulation of oxidative burst activity, adhesion molecule expression, and the suppression of neutrophil degranulation of proteolytic enzymes.

关键词： cystic fibrosis Hypertonic saline Mucociliary clearance Neutrophils and inflammation

Current perspectives on pancreatic serous cystic neoplasms:Diagnosis, management and beyond

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第3期8卷 202-211页

作者： Xiao-Peng Zhang Zhong-Xun Yu Yu-Pei Zhao Meng-Hua Dai Department of General Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100730 China Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China

Pancreatic cystic neoplasms have been increasingly recognized recently. Comprising about 16% of all resected pancreatic cystic neoplasms, serous cystic neoplasms are uncommon benign lesions that are usually asymptomatic and found incidentally. Despite overall low risk of malignancy, these pancreatic cysts still generate anxiety, leading to intensive medical investigations with considerable financial cost to health care systems. This review discusses the general background of serous cystic neoplasms, including epidemiology and clinical characteristics, and provides an updated overview of diagnostic approaches based on clinical features, relevant imaging studies and new findings that are being discovered pertaining to diagnostic evaluation. We also concisely discuss and propose management strategies for better quality of life.

关键词： Pancreatic cystic neoplasm Serous cystic neoplasm Diagnosis Management strategy Surgery

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is not Associated with Offspring Birth Weight: A Mendelian Randomization Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期34卷 170-174页

作者： WU Peng Fei LI Rui Zhuo ZHANG Wan SU Zhong Zhen LIN Yu Hong School of Life Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410008HunanChina Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston 02115MAUSA Department of Ultrasonography Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000GuangdongChina Department of Biology Boston UniversityBoston 02215MAUSA

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common metabolic and hormonal disorder afflicting approximately 5%–20% of all women of reproductive age~([1]). PCOS is characterized with hyperandrogenism,oligo-anovulation, and a polycystic ovarian morphology. The syndrome features heterogeneous manifestations, such as hirsutism, menstrual dysfunction, and obesity. Women with PCOS are at higher risk of developing multiple metabolic comorbidities and subsequent cardiovascular complications even beyond childbearing age.

关键词： cardiovascular cystic obesity

Recurrent renal cell carcinoma leading to a misdiagnosis of polycystic liver disease: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第18期25卷 2264-2270页

作者： Chen Liang Kazuhiro Takahashi Masanao Kurata Shingo Sakashita Tatsuya Oda Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Department of Surgery University of Tsukuba Department of Diagnostic Pathology University of Tsukuba

BACKGROUND Polycystic liver disease(PCLD) with a large cystic volume deteriorates the quality of life of patients through substantial effects on the adjacent organs,recurrent cyst infections, cyst rupture, and hemorrhage. Surgical or radiological intervention is usually needed to alleviate these symptoms. We report a rare case of the cystic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma(RCC), which was misdiagnosed as PCLD, as a result of the clinical and radiological similarity between these *** SUMMARY A 74-year-old female who had undergone nephrectomy for papillary-type RCC(PRCC) was suffering from abdominal pain and the recurrent intracystic hemorrhage of multiple cysts in the liver. Imaging studies and aspiration cytology of the cysts showed no evidence of malignancy. With a diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease, the patient received hepatectomy for the purpose of mass reduction and infectious cyst removal. Surgery was performed without complications, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 14. Postoperatively, the pathology revealed a diagnosis of recurrent PRCC with cystic *** This case demonstrates the importance of excluding the cystic metastasis of a cancer when liver cysts are observed.

关键词： Polycystic liver disease Polycystic kidney disease cystic metastasis Renal cell carcinoma Case report

Pancreatic lymphangioma:two case reports from an institutional experience with a rare entity and review of literature

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Journal of Pancreatology 2022年第2期5卷 98-109页

作者： Alfonso Tan-Garcia Ser Yee Lee Jen San Wong Thomas W.T.Ho Keng Sin Ng Kiat Hon Tony Lim Division of Pathology Department of Anatomical PathologySingapore General HospitalSingapore Surgical Associates Mount Elizabeth Medical CentreSingapore Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery Singapore General HospitalSingapore Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Centre Mount Elizabeth Medical CentreSingapore Digestive Surgical Oncology Department of Diagnostic Imaging Mount Alvernia HospitalSingapore

Pancreatic lymphangiomas are very rare benign cystic lesions that pose a diagnostic dilemma due to their resemblance to other non-neoplastic and neoplastic pancreatic cystic *** such,pancreatic lymphangiomas are frequently diagnosed only after histological examination of the excised *** present 2 cases of pancreatic lymphangioma,determine its prevalence at our institution and perform a detailed review of published literature since *** 1 is a 36-year-old male and case 2 is a 35-year-old female,both of which presented with abdominal *** were the only cases of pancreatic lymphangiomas reported at our institution since *** reviewed 69 cases of pancreatic lymphangiomas from 52 *** affects predominantly females with a median age of 43 and such patients typically present with abdominal pain(58.8%)or are asymptomatic(27.9%).The median size is 8.6 cm,the most common location is the head of pancreas and the most common imaging finding is that of a multilocular *** of patients underwent surgical resection(69.6%).Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration features of pancreatic lymphangiomas include chylous cyst fluid,elevated fluid triglyceride levels(15/16 cases)and numerous lymphocytes on *** majority of patients with elevated fluid triglyceride levels(13/15 cases)were managed *** lymphangiomas are rare pancreatic cystic lesions that may be diagnosed preoperatively using a multidisciplinary and multimodal approach involving clinical,radiological,biochemical and cytological features,allowing greater confidence in the selection of patients who can be managed conservatively.

关键词： Case report cystic Diagnostic features Literature review Lymphangioma management Pancreas Prevalence

Unique interstitial miRNA signature drives fibrosis in a murine model of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

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World Journal of Nephrology 2018年第5期7卷 108-116页

作者： Ameya Patil William E Sweeney Jr Cynthia G Pan Ellis D Avner Children’s Research Institute Children’s’Hospital Health System of Wisconsin and the Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

AIM To delineate changes in miRNA expression localized to the peri-cystic local microenvironment(PLM) in an orthologous mouse model of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD)(mcwPkd1^(nl/nl)).METHODS We profiled miRNA expression in the whole kidney and laser captured microdissection(LCM) samples from PLM in mcwPkd1^(nl/nl)kidneys with Qiagen miScript 384 HC miRNA PCR arrays. The three times points used are:(1) post-natal(PN) day 21, before the development of trichrome-positive areas;(2) PN28, the earliest sign of trichrome staining; and(3) PN42 following the development of progressive fibrosis. PN21 served as appropriate controls and as the reference time point for comparison of miRNA expression *** LCM samples revealed three temporally upregulated miRNAs [2 to 2.75-fold at PN28 and 2.5 to 4-fold(P ≤ 0.05) at PN42] and four temporally downregulated miRNAs [2 to 2.75 fold at PN28 and 2.75 to 5-fold(P ≤ 0.05) at PN42]. Expression of twenty-six miRNAs showed no change until PN42 [six decreased(2.25 to 3.5-fold)(P ≤ 0.05) and 20 increased(2 to 4-fold)(P ≤ 0.05)]. Many critical miRNA changes seen in the LCM samples from PLM were not seen in the contralateral whole *** Precise sampling with LCM identifies miRNA changes that occur with the initiation and progression of renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF). Identification of the target proteins regulated by these miRNAs will provide new insight into the process of fibrosis and identify unique therapeutic targets to prevent or slow the development and progression of RIF in ADPKD.

关键词： Inflammation End-stage renal disease Cysts Autosomal dominant poly cystic kidney disease miRNA Renal interstitial fibrosis

Discovery of synergistic activity of fluoroquinolones in combination with antimicrobial peptides against clinical polymyxin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa DK2

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第2期31卷 413-417页

作者： Xinyu Zheng Qiao Cao Qin Cao Fei Mao Xiaokang Li Jin Zhu Lefu Lan Jian Li State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China

Polymyxin B(PB),as the last-line of defense against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria,has caused resistance to *** ***,synergistic treatment could preserve the last class of antibiotics and reduce the emergency of drug ***,we performed a screen of 970 approved drugs synergized with PB against the *** DK2,which is severely resistant to PB,MIC=512μg/***,we found fluoroquinolones could synergy with PB and achieved an obvious reduction in MIC of PB below the clinical susceptible breakpoint(2 μg/mL).Especially,gemifloxacin achieved the highest synergistic effect with PB,leading to a 4096-fold MIC reduction(reduced from512 μg/mL to 0.125 μg/mL).Furthermore,synergistic effect was also observed in the combination of gemifloxacin and ***,outer membrane permeabilization assay showed that gemifloxacin could increase the permeability of bacterial cell membranes for *** which partly explained the synergy *** results indicate that fluoroquinolones represent attractive synergists to address the emerging threat of polymyxin-resistant infections.

关键词： Polymyxin B Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fluoroquinolones Synergy cystic fibrosis Antimicrobial peptides

Mixed serous-neuroendocrine neoplasm of the pancreas: A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第23期7卷 4119-4129页

作者： Yue-Mei Xu Zhi-Wen Li Hong-Yan Wu Xiang-Shan Fan Qi Sun Department of Pathology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School

BACKGROUND Pancreatic mixed serous-neuroendocrine neoplasms(MSNNs)are mixed tumors containing two components with different pathologies,namely,pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm(PSCN)and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor(PanNET).For MSNNs,diffuse PSCN involving the whole pancreas is extremely rare,with only eight previous case *** SUMMARY A 45-year-old Chinese woman,with a free previous medical history and no obvious symptoms,was found to have a pancreatic neoplasm and admitted to our hospital for further diagnosis in March *** palpation revealed a painless,mobile mass in the epigastrium,and no abnormalities were observed in an examination of the nervous system and ocular system.A computed tomography scan showed multiple cystic lesions involving the whole pancreas ranging in diameter from 0.4 to 2 cm and also revealed an enhanced mass,2.2 cm in diameter,in the head of the ***,multiple cysts were found in the kidneys bilaterally,and the right lobe of the liver contained a small cyst.A Whipple operation with total pancreatectomy and splenectomy was performed.A diagnosis of pancreatic MSNN was established,consisting of diffuse serous microcystic cystadenoma with a concomitant grade 2 *** note,the patient had no personal or family history of Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome or other *** We report the first case of MSNN with a diffuse PSCN component involving the entire pancreas in a Chinese *** is important to be aware of its relationship with VHL syndrome,and close clinical follow-up is recommended.

关键词： Mixed serous-neuroendocrine neoplasm Pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome Case report

Antihydatic and immunomodulatory effects of Algerian propolis ethanolic extract:In vitro and in vivo study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第3期12卷 106-116页

作者： Nahla Deghbar Dalila Mezioug Touri Kahina Yacine-Miloud Medjdoub Chafia Touil-Boukoffa Cytokines and NO Synthases-Immunity and Pathogeny team Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene Department of Thoracic Surgery Mustapha Pacha Hospital

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effect of the Algerian propolis ethanolic extract(EEP) against Echinococcus granulosus(E. granulosus) infection. Methods: In vitro scolicidal activity of EEP was investigated on the protoscolices of hydatid cyst. This in vitro study was conducted by using an in vivo assay. BALB/c mice were inoculated with E. granulosus and treated with propolis for three months. Hydatid cysts development was assessed. Nitric oxide(NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) production and inducible NO synthase, NF-κB, and TNF-α spleen expression were estimated by Griess method and immunofluorescence ***: Our study revealed that EEP has a high scolicidal activity against E. granulosus. Oral administration of EEP decreased TNF-α, NF-κB and inducible NO synthase expression in the spleen tissues in the CE+EEP group, in comparison with the CE group. Concomitantly, EEP treatment caused an important systemic decrease in NO and TNF-α levels. These findings are associated with the reduction of CE development. Conclusions: This is the first report demonstrating with interest the antihydatic and immunomodulatory effects of the Algerian EEP, suggesting its therapeutic potential for the hydatid disease treatment.

关键词： cystic echinococcosis Algerian propolis Antihydatic effect Immunomodulatory effect