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Strategy for Protection of cultural heritage Exposed to the Natural and Man-Made Activity Disasters in Serbia

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第5期18卷 223-235页

作者： Mirjana Sladić Faculty of technical sciences University of Novi SadNovi Sad 21000Serbia

Natural disasters and the adverse human activities are the key events in the history of mankind that form our history and shape our collective memory to this day.People on the planet Earth are not obsessed only with natural hazards,caused by earthquakes,floods and volcanic eruptions,and troubles unlikely come solely from the action of nature.Disasters threatening the human race can be caused also by people themselves.Both types of disasters cause vast human suffering,at the same time destroying cultural heritage as well,that has the function of determining the identity of social communities.These sufferings should be added to those that can be determined only by in-depth analyses which are derived from the synergy of natural forces and mistaken choices made by the humans,when it comes to their habitat.The proposed strategic plan for protection of built heritage in emergency situations may become the powerful catalyst for the process of revitalization by which the social tissue of community is maintained and restored,creating the symbol of resistance by which it endures each and every natural element and evil men behaviour.

关键词： Natural disasters protection cultural heritage hazards

Toward Fine-grained Image Retrieval with Adaptive Deep Learning for cultural heritage Image

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1295-1307页

作者： Sathit Prasomphan Department of Computer and Information Science Faculty of Applied ScienceKing Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok1518 Pracharat 1 Rd.WongsawangBangsueBangkok10800Thailand

Fine-grained image classiﬁcation is a challenging research topic because of the high degree of similarity among categories and the high degree of dissimilarity for a speciﬁc category caused by different poses and scales.A cul-tural heritage image is one of theﬁne-grained images because each image has the same similarity in most cases.Using the classiﬁcation technique,distinguishing cultural heritage architecture may be difﬁcult.This study proposes a cultural heri-tage content retrieval method using adaptive deep learning forﬁne-grained image retrieval.The key contribution of this research was the creation of a retrieval mod-el that could handle incremental streams of new categories while maintaining its past performance in old categories and not losing the old categorization of a cul-tural heritage image.The goal of the proposed method is to perform a retrieval task for classes.Incremental learning for new classes was conducted to reduce the re-training process.In this step,the original class is not necessary for re-train-ing which we call an adaptive deep learning technique.cultural heritage in the case of Thai archaeological site architecture was retrieved through machine learn-ing and image processing.We analyze the experimental results of incremental learning forﬁne-grained images with images of Thai archaeological site architec-ture from world heritage provinces in Thailand,which have a similar architecture.Using aﬁne-grained image retrieval technique for this group of cultural heritage images in a database can solve the problem of a high degree of similarity among categories and a high degree of dissimilarity for a speciﬁc category.The proposed method for retrieving the correct image from a database can deliver an average accuracy of 85 percent.Adaptive deep learning forﬁne-grained image retrieval was used to retrieve cultural heritage content,and it outperformed state-of-the-art methods inﬁne-grained image retrieval.

关键词： Fine-grained image adaptive deep learning cultural heritage image retrieval

Shared experiences across multiple devices:a new digital interactive experience method for cultural heritage based on mixed reality

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2022年第2期29卷 1-12,23页

作者： Lu Zhichao Zhao Haiying School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

In order to study the role of the new technological concept of shared experiences in the digital interactive experience of cultural heritage and apply it to the digital interactive experience of cultural heritage to solve the current problems in this field,starting from the mixed reality(MR) technology that the shared experiences rely on,proper software and hardware platforms were investigated and selected,a universal shared experiences solution was designed,and an experimental project based on the proposed solution was made to verify its feasibility.In the end,a proven and workable shared experiences solution was obtained.This solution included a proposed MR spatial alignment method,and it integrated the existing MR content production process and standard network synchronization functions.Furthermore,it is concluded that the introduction and reasonable use of new technologies can help the development of the digital interactive experience of cultural heritage.The shared experiences solution for the digital interactive experience of cultural heritage balances investment issues in the exhibition,display effect,and user experience.It can speed up the promotion of cultural heritage and bring the vitality of MR technology to relevant projects.

关键词： mixed reality(MR) augmented reality(AR) shared experiences cultural heritage digital interactive experience

Remote sensing-based deformation monitoring of pagodas at the Bagan cultural heritage site,Myanmar

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 770-788页

作者： Fulong Chen Wei Zhou Yunwei Tang Ru Li Hui Lin Timo Balz Jin Luo Pilong Shi Meng Zhu Chaoyang Fang Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research Ministry of Education & School of Geography and EnvironmentJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchangPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and cultural heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO BeijingPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote SensingWuhanPeople’s Republic of China

As a World cultural heritage site with sacred landscape featuring an exceptional range of Buddhist art and architecture,much attention has been focused on the sustainable development of Bagan(Myanmar).Particularly,the monitoring of landscape surface subsidence and monument instability is of great importance to the protection and development planning of the Bagan heritage site.In this study,we applied high resolution TerraSAR-X imagery acquired from 2019 to 2020 for deformation monitoring based on the small baseline subset(SBAS)and persistent scatterer synthetic aperture radar interferometry(PSInSAR)approaches.We identified several hotspots and pagodas with displacement anomalies linked to land cover change and previous earthquakes.The cross comparison between SBAS and PSInSAR and the precision of height estimates derived by PSInSAR indicated a millimetric precision of the derived deformation products.The combination of the two multi-temporal SAR interferometry approaches satisfies the two-scale monitoring requirements from landscapes to monuments,particularly for large-scale World heritage sites.The non-contact monitoring method has potential when traditional methods using field accessibility and surveillance are constrained.

关键词： InSAR cultural heritage Bagan deformation monitoring UNESCO pagoda

Assessment of water-induced soil erosion as a threat to cultural heritage sites:the case of Chania prefecture,Crete Island,Greece

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Big Earth Data 2022年第4期6卷 561-579页

作者： Christos Polykretis Dimitrios D.Alexakis Manolis G.Grillakis Athos Agapiou Branka Cuca Nikos Papadopoulos Apostolos Sarris Laboratory of Geophysical-Satellite Remote Sensing and Archaeo-environment(Geosat ReSeArch) Institute for Mediterranean StudiesFoundation for Research and Technology-HellasCreteGreece School of Environmental Engineering Technical University of CreteChaniaCreteGreece Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Cyprus University of TechnologyLimassolCyprus Department of Architecture Built Environment and Construction EngineeringMilanItaly Digital Humanities Geoinformatics Lab Archaeological Research UnitDepartment of History and ArchaeologyUniversity of CyprusNicosiaCyprus

Among the environmental threats,the intensification of natural hazards,such as soil erosion may threaten the integrity and value of cultural heritage sites.In this framework,the present study’s main objective was to identify archaeological sites susceptible by soil erosion,taking the case study of Chania prefecture in Crete Island.Remotely sensed and other available geospatial datasets were analyzed in a GIS-based empirical model,namely Unit Stream Power Erosion and Deposition(USPED),to estimate the average annual soil loss and deposition rates due to waterinduced erosion in the study area.The resultant erosion map was then intersected with the locations and surrounding zones of the known archaeological sites for identifying the sites and the portions of their vicinity being at risk.The results revealed that Chania prefecture and its cultural heritage are significantly affected by both soil loss and deposition processes.Between the two processes,soil loss was found to be more intensive,influencing a larger part of the prefecture(especially to the west)as well as a higher amount of archaeological sites.The extreme and high soil loss classes were also detected to cover the most considerable portion of the sites’surrounding area.The identification of the archaeological sites being most exposed to soil erosion hazard can constitute a basis for cultural heritage managers in order to take preventive preserva-tion measures and develop specific risk mitigation strategies.

关键词： cultural heritage soil erosion USPED model GIS Crete

A Vulnerability Assessment Framework for cultural heritage Sites:The Case of the Roman Ruins of Tróia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第1期14卷 26-40页

作者： Marvin Ravan Maria João Revez Inês Vaz Pinto Patrícia Brum Joern Birkmann Institute of Spatial and Regional Planning(IREUS) University of Stuttgart70569StuttgartGermany Nova Conservação S.A1200-872LisbonPortugal Troia Resort 7570-789CarvalhalGDLPortugal

This article contributes to developing an indicator-based vulnerability assessment framework for cultural heritage sites.It provides a vulnerability index for heritage sites potentially exposed to multiple hazards,including sudden-onset and slow-onset hazards,while considering climate change influences.Through determining particular criteria and indicators,the cultural heritage Vulnerability Index incorporates structural and non-structural factors of the heritage site and its local and national settings.The assessment procedure was applied to the case of the Roman Ruins of Tróia in Portugal.The findings highlight those areas of sensitivity(e.g.,the existing deterioration patterns and types of foundation)and coping and adaptive capacities(e.g.,institutional setting and response plan)that significantly contribute to the level of vulnerability and risk.The results of vulnerability assessment will further enable determining priorities and developing risk mitigation and preparedness measures,in particular reducing structural sensitivity and promoting coping capacities.

关键词： Climate change Coping capacity cultural heritage Risk assessment Roman Ruins of Tróia Vulnerability assessment

An urbanization monitoring dataset for world cultural heritage in the Belt and Road region

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Big Earth Data 2022年第1期6卷 127-140页

作者： Da Xiao Linlin Lu Xinyuan Wang Vilas Nitivattananon Huadong Guo Wenhua Hui Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’anChina Urban Environmental Management Program School of EnvironmentResources and DevelopmentAsian Institute of TechnologyBangkokThailand

World cultural heritage refers to properties recognized as having historical, social, and anthropological value. Global urbanization has changed the land cover, land use, transportation, landscape, and local environment in cities, and thus exposed World heritage sites to risks induced by direct or indirect damaging factors. In this paper, an urbanization intensity index (UII) was developed to quantitatively measure urban dynamics in the vicinity of World heritage sites. This index is based on three global Earth observation datasets, including a global human settlement layer, a global population grid product, and a global nighttime light imagery. Large UII values represent high urbanization levels and intensive human activities in the study area and vice versa. The assessment results show that the mean UII value at 79 world cultural heritage sites in the Belt and Road region increased from 0.26 in 2000 to 0.29 in 2015. The heritage sites were then classified into four types based on the change rates of UIIs. A total of seven heritage sites were identified as exposed to risks due to urban sprawl and infrastructure expansion. The UII dataset can be combined with UNESCO’s periodic reports and site-specific data to provide valuable information for international communities to develop heritage preservation policies.

关键词： Urban sprawl cultural heritage sustainable development goals nighttime light

A structural equation model to analyze the use of a new multi media platform for increasing awareness of cultural heritage

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第3期12卷 509-522页

作者： Benshuo Wang Gamze Dane Theo Arentze Real Estate and Urban Development Unit in the Built Environment Department Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600MBthe Netherlands

Dedicated multi media platforms have the potential to enhance experiences and increase people’s awareness of cultural heritage.It is,however,not clear to what extent and by which functions these platforms accomplish this.Therefore,the aim of this research is to investigate the influence of functionalities offered by a well-designed multi-media web-platform on the awareness and experience of cultural heritage.The multi media platform used is focused on Strijp-S,an industrial cultural heritage in Eindhoven,the Netherlands.The platform was created as a prototype based on a study of users’preferences for contents and media types offered.To collect data,a sample of 302 respondents used the platform to explore and view Strijp-S.To test assumed relationships between different functionalities,awareness and experience in an integrated fashion,the data are analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling(SEM).The results show that information-collection funtionality plays a significant role in improving awareness of cultural heritage,whereas auxiliary functions are particularly helpful for enhancing experiences.The perceived helpfulness of these two sets of functions differ however between users depending on theitr level of prior knowledge.Policymakers and urban planners can use these results to create their own platform based on local heritage to increase the citizens’awareness of cultural heritage.

关键词： Awareness of cultural heritage cultural heritage Experience of cultural heritage Multi media platform Structural equation modelling

Simplified seismic scenario analysis of existing masonry buildings accounting for local site effects

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 309-318页

作者： Ayşe E.ÖZSOYÖZBAY Işıl SANRI KARAPINAR Zehra N.KUTLU İsmail E.KILIÇ Department of Civil Engineering Maltepe UniversityIstanbul 34857Turkey School of Engineering and Construction Oryx Universal CollegeDoha 12253Qatar

This study discusses the effects of local sites and hazard amplification on the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry buildings.In this context,a rapid seismic evaluation procedure was implemented on an old masonry building stock in the historical center Galata,located inİstanbul,to determine the seismic risk priority of the built heritage.Damage scenarios were generated for all soil classes,different moment magnitudes,and source-to-site distances to obtain more accurate results for the seismic vulnerability assessment of the studied building stock.Consequently,damage distributions estimated under nine different scenarios with/without site effects were compared and illustrated in maps to discuss changes in vulnerability owing to amplification effects.In this study,by re-examining the rapid seismic evaluation procedure by including geo-hazard-based assessment,the importance of site effects on the vulnerability and risk assessment of built heritage was underlined.The proposed framework integrating field data and local site effects is believed to advance the current applications for vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings and provide an improvement in the application of rapid seismic assessment procedures with more reliable results.

关键词： masonry buildings seismic vulnerability assessment cultural heritage local site effect