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Genetic Diversity Based on Allozyme Alleles of Chinese cultivated rice

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第6期6卷 641-646页

作者： TANG Sheng-xiang WEI Xing-hua JIANG Yun-zhu D S Brar G SKhush State Key Laboratory of rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 P.R.China International rice Research Institute Manila Philippines

Genetic diversity was analyzed with 6 632 core rice cultivars selected from 60 282 Chinese rice accessions on the basis of 12 allozyme loci, Pgil, Pgi2, Amp1, Amp2, Amp3, Amp4, Sdhl, Adhl, Estl, Est2, Est5 and Est9, by starch gel electrophoresis. Among the materials examined, 52 alleles at 12 polymorphic loci were identified, which occupied 96.3% of 54 alleles found in cultivated germplasm of O. sativa L. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7 with an average of 4.33. The gene diversity （He） each locus varied considerably from 0.017 for Amp4 to 0.583 for Est2 with an average gene diversity （Ht） 0.271, mid Shannon-Wiener index from 0.055 to 0.946 with an average of 0.468. The degree of polymorphism （DP） was in a range from 0.9 to 46.9% with an average of 21.4%. It was found that the genetic diversity in japonica （Keng） subspecies was lower in terms of allele＇s number, Ht and S-W index, being 91.8, 66.2 and 75.7% of indica （Hsien） one, respectively. Significant genetic differentiation between indica and japonica rice has been appeared in the loci Pgil, Amp2, Pgi2, and Est2, with higher average coefficient of genetic differentiation （Gst） 0.635, 0.626, 0.322 and 0.282, respectively. Except less allele number per locus （3.33） for modern cultivars, being 76.9% of landraces, the Ht and S-W index showed in similar between the modem cultivars and the landraces detected. In terms of allozyme, the rice cultivars in the Southwest Plateau and Central China have richer genetic diversity. The present study reveals again that Chinese cultivated rice germplasm has rich genetic diversity, showed by the allozyme allele variation.

关键词： cultivated rice allozyme analysis genetic diversity genetic differentiation

Comparison of Neutral Detergent Fiber,Acid Detergent Fiber and Acid Detergent Lignin Contents of Dongxiang Wild rice and cultivated rice

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2010年第3期11卷 11-14页

作者：唐文武吴秀兰周军广东肇庆学院生命科学学院广东肇庆526061 江西省农科院江西南昌330200

[Objective] To study the chemic component of rice cell wall among different varieties and at different rice growth stages.[Method] The contents of neutral detergent fiber（NDF）,acid detergent fiber（ADF） and acid detergent lignin （ADL） of rice were analyzed by Van Soest Method.[Result] The contents of NDF,ADF and ADL varied from 55.63% to 71.70%,31.98% to 49.61% and 2.68% to 5.71% respectively,the highest content was gained in Dongxiang wide rice at dough stage,while the lowest content was obtained in rice heading stage of Xieqingzao *** the same growth stage,the contents of NDF（except heading stage） and ADF were significantly（P0.05 or 0.01） difference among three varieties of rice,the highest content was Dongxiang wide rice,followed by Xiushui 110,and the lowest was Xieqingzao *** the same variety rice,the content of NDF and ADF were significantly （P0.05 or 0.01） difference among three rice growth stages,the lowest contents was rice heading stage,followed by rice milk ripe stage,the highest was rice dough stage.[Conclusion] the NDF,ADF and other contents of indica rice were lower than that of ordinary wild rice and japonica rice,therefore,it owned a certain value in use of straw *** the indica rice could be harvest as earlier as possible,the rice straw together with silage fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis could provide the effective diet for livestock.

关键词： Dongxiang wide rice cultivated rice NDF ADF ADL

ITS1 SEQUENCES OF NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA IN WILD riceS AND cultivated riceS OF CHINA AND THEIR PHYLOGENETIC IMPLICATIONS

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Acta Botanica Sinica 1996年第10期38卷 785-791页

作者：周毅邹喻苹洪德元周骏马陈受宜中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放研究实验室北京100093 中国科学院遗传研究所植物生物技术开放研究实验室北京100101

The first internal transcribed spacer(ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of three wild rice species and two subspecies of cultivated rice, which are distributed in China, was amplified using PCR technique and sequenced with automated fluorescent sequencing. The sequences of ITS1 ranged from 193 bp to 218 bp in size and G/C content varied from 69.3% to 72.7%. In pairwise comparisons among the five taxa, sequence site divergence ranged from 1.5% to 10.6%. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS1 sequences using Wagner parsimony generated a single well resolved tree, which revealed that Oryza rufipogon was much more closely related to cultivated rice species than to the other two wild species. Oryza granulata was less closely related to either cultivated rice species or the other two wild species, and might be a unique and isolated taxon in the genus Oryza. The phylogenetic relationships of the three wild rice species and two cultivated rice subspecies inferred from ITS1 sequences is highly concordant with those based on the molecular evidence from isozyme, chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) of the genus Oryza .

关键词： Wild rice cultivated rice ITS1 of rDNA Sequence analysis Phylogeny

Development of Oryza rufipogon and O. sativa Introgression Lines and Assessment for Yield-related Quantitative Trait Loci

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第6期49卷 871-884页

作者： Lubin Tan Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding and State Key Laboratory of Agro-biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education Beijing 100094 China Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Genome of Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

Introgression lines population was effectively used in mapping quantitative trait loci （QTLs）, identifying favorable genes, discovering hidden genetic variation, evaluating the action or interaction of QTLs in multiple conditions and providing the favorable experimental materials for plant breeding and genetic research. In this study, an advanced backcross and consecutive selfing strategy was used to develop introgression lines （ILs）, which derived from an accession of Oryza rufipogon Griff. collected from Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province of China, as the donor, and an elite indica cultivar Teqing （O. sativa L.）, as the recipient. Introgression segments from O. rufipogon were screened using 179 polymorphic simple sequence repeats （SSR） markers in the genome of each IL. Introgressed segments carried by the introgression lines population contained 120 ILs covering the whole O. rufipogon genome. The mean number of homozygous O. rufipogon segments per introgression line was about 3.88. The average length of introgressed segments was approximate 25.5 cM, and about 20.8% of these segments had sizes less than 10 cM. The genome of each IL harbored the chromosomal fragments of O. rufipogon ranging from 0.54% to 23.7%, with an overall average of 5.79%. At each locus, the ratio of substitution of O. rufipogon alleles had a range of 1.67-9.33, with an average of 5.50. A wide range of alterations in morphological and yield-related traits were also found in the introgression lines population. Using single-point analysis, a total of 37 putative QTLs for yield and yield components were detected at two sites with 7%-20% explaining the phenotypic variance. Nineteen QTLs （51.4%） were detected at both sites, and the alleles from O. rufipogon at fifteen loci （40.5%） improved the yield and yield components in the Teqing background. These O. rufipogon-O, sativa introgression lines will serve as genetic materials for identifying and using favorable genes from common wild rice.

关键词： common wild rice cultivated rice introgression lines quantitative trait locus yield-related trait.

Efficient indica and japonica rice identification based on the InDel molecular method:Its implication in rice breeding and evolutionary research

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第10期19卷 1241-1252页

作者： Bao-Rong Lu,Xingxing Cai,Xin Jin Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering,Institute of Biodiversity Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

An efficient molecular method for the accurate and efficient identification of indica and japonica rice was created based on the poly-morphisms of insertion/deletion(InDel) DNA fragments obtained from the basic local alignment search tool(BLAST) to the entire genomic sequences of indica(93-11) and japonica rice(Nipponbare).The 45 InDel loci were validated experimentally by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE) in 44 typical indica and japonica rice varieties,including 93-11 and Nipponbare.A neutrality test of the data matrix generated from electrophoretic banding patterns of various InDel loci indicated that 34 InDel loci were strongly associated with the differentiation of indica and japonica *** extensive analyses involving cultivated rice varieties from 11 Asian countries,and 12 wild Oryza species with various origins confirmed that indica and japonica characteristics could accurately be determined via calculating the average frequency of indica-or japonica-specific alleles on different InDel loci across the rice *** method was named as the ’’InDel molecular index" that combines molecular and statistical methods in determining the indica and japonica characteristics of rice *** with the traditional methods based essentially on morphology,the InDel molecular index provides a very accurate,rapid,simple,and efficient method for identifying indica and japonica *** addition,the InDel index can be used to determine indica or japonica characteristics of wild Oryza species,which largely extends the utility of this *** InDel molecular index provides a new tool for the effective selection of appropriate indica or japonica rice germplasm in rice *** also offers a novel model for the study of the origin,evolution,and genetic differentiation of indica and japonica rice adapted to various environmental changes.

关键词： cultivated rice Wild Oryza InDel Molecular marker indica-japonica identification Neutrality test

Establishment of a rice transgene flow model for predicting maximum distances of gene flow in southern China

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Establishment of a rice transgene flow model for predicting ...

粮食安全与现代农业气象业务发展——2008年全国农业气象学术年会

作者： Kemin Yao~1,Ning Hu~1,Wanlong Chen~1,Renzhong Li~1,Qianhua Yuan~2,Feng Wang~3,Qian Qian~4,Shirong Jia~5 1 College of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing,210044,China 2 College of Life Science and Agriculture,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China 3 rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou,510640,China 4 National rice Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,310006,China 5 Bioteehnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China.

Both rice pollen flow and gene flow model have been established based on the Gaussian Plume Model,the 3 locations×3 years field experimental data of transgene flow to common rice cultivars(Oryza sativa L.),male sterile(ms) lines and common wild rice(*** L.),and the 32 years historical meteorology data during the rice flowering period collected from 38 meteorological stations in southern China. A concept of gene flow coefficient(GFC) is proposed,that is the ratio of the transgene flow frequency(G%) obtained from field experiments against the aggregated pollen dispersal ratio(P) or frequency(P%) calculated based on the pollen flow model. The maximum distances of gene flow(MDGF) to traditional rice cultivars,ms lines,and common wild rice either at a threshold value of 1.0%or 0.1%are determined. The MDGF and its spatial distribution in southern China show that the gene flow pattern is significantly affected by the monsoon climate,the topography,and the outcrossing ability of recipients. We believe that the information provided in this study will be useful for the risk assessment of transgenic rice in other rice growing regions.

关键词： Transgenic rice Pollen flow model Gene flow coefficient Gene flow model cultivated rice Male sterile lines Common wild rice.

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