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A Di-D-Fructose Dianhydride-Enriched Caramel Modulates Pig Fecal Microbiota Composition

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第5期4卷 242-251页

作者： Luis A. Rubio María Jesús Peinado Ana Echávarri Raquel Ruiz Elena Suárez-Pereira Carmen Ortiz Mellet José M. García Fernández Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain Fisiología y Bioquímica de la Nutrición Animal (EEZ CSIC) Granada Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) CSIC—Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain

A correlation has been previously described between bifidobacteria counts before and after the use of a dietary additive in human studies. However, to our knowledge no information on this topic has yet been reported in animals, and no information exists either on similar possible correlations of bacterial groups other than bifidobacteria. The potential prebiotic effects of di-D-fructose dianhydride (DFA)-enriched caramels have been previously reported in laboratory animals, poultry and pigs. In the present work, twelve growing male castrated pigs (41.8 ± 1.9 kg mean BW) were fed in succession on a control (no additive) or DFA-enriched caramel (20 g/kg) containing diets. Another group of 10 pigs (38.0 ± 3.7 kg mean BW) fed on a control diet without any additive was used as negative control. Bacterial log10 number of copies of the 16S rRNA gene was determined in fecal samples by using qPCR. Increased (P10 number of copies were determined in fecal samples of pigs fed on the caramel containing diet compared with non-caramel controls. In addition, for all bacterial groups studied microbiological values co-variated with initial counts and, except for enterobacteria, variations in the fecal bacterial numbers after caramel supplementation correlated (P< 0.05) with the fecal numbers before supplementation. In conclusion, the supplementation of pig diets with DFA-enriched caramels induced significant increases in the fecal number of copies of bacterial groups regarded as beneficial, and variations in the fecal number of copies correlated with the initial fecal number of copies.

关键词： Di-D-Fructose Dianhydrides Fecal Microbiota correlations Pig Prebiotics

Genotype by Environment Interaction for Grain Yield and Association among Stability Parameters in Bread Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>L.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第1期11卷 1-10页

作者： Alemayehu Balcha South Agricultural Research Institute Hawassa Agricultural Research Centre Hawassa Ethiopia

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is most important cereal crop in Ethiopia. Lack of genotypes with wide stability across environments has been one of the most important constraints of wheat production in the country. Field experiments were conducted in Halaba and Bule, South Ethiopia, in 2016 and 2017, in order to estimate grain yield stability and association among stability parameters. Fifteen improved bread wheat genotypes were grown under randomized complete block design with three replications. Mean yield for Halaba 2016, Halaba 2017, Bule 2016 and Bule 2017 was 3.83, 1.89, 2.90 and 3.59 tons/ha, respectively. Genotypes Lemu (3.25 tons/ha) and Mandoyu (3.18 tons/ha) had high mean yield, and low values of environmental variance (S2i), coefficient of variation (CVi), stability variance (δ2i), ecovalence (Wi) and deviation from regression (S2di). Genotypes Biqa (3.69 tons/ha) and Shorima (3.66 tons/ha) had high mean yield, coefficient of regression (bi) and coefficient of determination (R2i ≥ 0.94) as well as low values of δ2i, Wi and S2di. Grain yield had positive rank correlation with bi (r = 0.75, p 2i (r = 0.70, p δ2i, Wi and S2di was high (r ≥ 0.98, p , Mandoyu and Hidase, and Biqa and Shorima would be recommended for wide adaption, and for more favorable environments, respectively. It could also be suggested that one of Wi, δ2i, S2di and rank sum would be used for ranking of genotypes.

关键词： Grain Yield Stability Rank correlations Bread Wheat Triticum aestivum

Prefrontal-Parietal Correlation during Performance of a Visuospatial Working Memory Task in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2015年第10期5卷 448-457页

作者： Miguel Angel Guevara Jorge Carlos Hevia-Orozco Araceli Sanz-Martin Lucía Ester Rizo-Martínez Marisela Hernández-González Mayra Linné Almanza-Sepúlveda Instituto de Neurociencias CUCBA Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara México

Development of the prefrontal cortex and its connectivity with different cortical areas has strong implications for the improvement of working memory. The aim of this research was to characterize the interhemispheric (INTER) prefrontal and hemispheric (INTRA) frontopolar-dorsolateral prefrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal-parietal correlation (r) in children, adolescents and adults during performance of a visuospatial working memory task (VSWM). INTERr and INTRAr of 36 different aged male participants (11 - 13, 18 - 20 and 26 - 30 years old) were calculated during performance of the Corsi Block-Tapping task, which assessed VSWM. On this task, children showed lower correct responses than adolescents and adults. Adults also showed lower total execution times than children and adolescents, with a more efficient performance. On the EEGs, the older groups showed both higher interfrontal correlations and left and right prefronto-parietal correlations than children. According to our results, the progressive efficiency in VSWM is related to differences in EEG patterns among children, adolescents and adults.

关键词： Corsi Block-Tapping Task EEG correlations Development Visuospatial Working Memory

Could Cultural Industries at China Act as the Mainstay Industries?

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国际文化管理 2013年第1期 73-82页

作者： Zhang Bin Shandong Arts College

The contemporary economic growth models can not testify the viewpoint on the feasibility of turning cultural industry into national Mainstay Industries in China.China is on the process of the late stage of industrialization at the dawn of 21stcentury,therefore,its economic growth should relay on heavy chemical industries.By contrast,Cultural Industries fails to be the Mainstay Industries in China because of its limited Industrial Correlation,smaller industrial scale and weaker Culture Consumption.But in the future,Cultural Industries is promisingly to be the Mainstay Industry in China.

关键词： Cultural Industries Mainstay Industries Industrial correlations Cultural Consumption

What Does Monogamy in Higher Powers of a Correlation Measure Mean?

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Journal of Modern Physics 2014年第14期5卷 1294-1301页

作者： Pilukuli Janardhana Geetha Sudha Alevoor Raghavendra Usha Devi 1Department of Physics Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta Shimoga India 2Inspire Institute Inc. Alexandria USA Department of Physics Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta Shimoga India Inspire Institute Inc. Alexandria USA

We examine here the proposition that all multiparty quantum states can be made monogamous by considering positive integral powers of any quantum correlation measure. With Rajagopal-Rendell quantum deficit as the measure of quantum correlations for symmetric 3-qubit pure states, we illustrate that monogamy inequality is satisfied for higher powers of quantum deficit. We discuss the drawbacks of this inequality in quantification of correlations in the state. We also prove a monogamy inequality in higher powers of classical mutual information and bring out the fact that such inequality needs not necessarily imply restricted shareability of correlations. We thus disprove the utility of higher powers of any correlation measure in establishing monogamous nature in multiparty quantum states.

关键词： Mutual Information Sharing of Classical and Quantum correlations Monogamy of Quantum correlations

Genetic Variation for Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits in Tef [<i>Eragrostis tef</i>(Zucc.)Trotter] under Moisture Stress and Non-Stress Environments

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1041-1046页

作者： Wondewosen Shiferaw Alemayehu Balcha Hussen Mohammed Department of Plant and Horticultural Sciences Hawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia Jinka Agricultural Research Centre South Agricultural Research Institute Hawassa Ethiopia School of Agricultural Science Dilla University Dilla Ethiopia

Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter] is an ancient and major cereal crop in Ethiopia. Increasing tef grain yield partly requires developing cultivars that are adapted to drought stress environment. An experiment was carried out using 18 tef genotypes grown during September to December, 2010, under two water supply environments (stress during grain filling period, and non-stress) to identify genetic variation, heritability and correlations of grain yield and yield related traits. Broad-sense heritability values under respective stress and non-stress environments were grain yield (g/m2) 0.80 and 0.89, total biomass (g/m2) 0.89 and 0.73, harvest index 0.69 and 0.79, panicle weight (g/plant) 0.93 and 0.92, and seed weight (g/plant) 0.96 and 0.86. The correlations of grain yield under respective stress and non-stress environments were total biomass rp = 0.64, rg = 0.70, and rp = 0.48, rg = 0.56, harvest index rp = 0.70, rg = 0.64, and rp = 0.87, rg = 0.90, panicle weight rp = 0.98, rg = 1.00, and rp = 0.96, rg = 1.00, and seed weight/plant rp = 0.98, rg = 1.00, and rp = 0.90, rg = 1.00. The present experiment showed that either grain yield per se, or seed weight/plant could be used to improve grain yield under stress and non-stress environments.

关键词： Variability Broad-Sense Heritability correlations Moisture Stress Eragrostis tef

Temperature Fluctuations in a Rectangular Nanochannel

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2015年第3期6卷 117-125页

作者： José A. Fornés Departamento de Fsica Aplicada I Facultad de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Complutense Madrid Spain

We consider an incompressible fluid in a rectangular nanochannel. We solve numerically the three dimensional Fourier heat equation to get the steady solution for the temperature. Then we set and solve the Langevin equation for the temperature. We have developed equations in order to determine relaxation time of the temperature fluctuations, τT = 4.62 × 10-10s. We have performed a spectral analysis of the thermal fluctuations, with the result that temporal correlations are in the one-digit ps range, and the thermal noise excites the thermal modes in the two-digit GHz range. Also we observe long-range spatial correlation up to more than half the size of the cell, 600 nm;the wave number, q, is in the 106 m-1 range. We have also determined two thermal relaxation lengths in the z direction: l1 = 1.18 nm and l2 = 9.86 nm.

关键词： Nanochannels Temperature Fluctuations Random Heat Flow Thermal Relaxation Temporal and Spatial correlations

The Influence of Atmospheric Parameters on Production and Distribution of Air Pollutants in Bayelsa: A State in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第1期9卷 159-171页

作者： E. I. Njoku O. E. Ogunsola E. O. Oladiran Department of Physics University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Air pollution is a primary environmental problem in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria due to oil spills including the gas emissions associated with industrial effluents. However, a good understanding and quantification of atmospheric parameters (wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and cloud cover) that influence air pollution (CH4, NO2 and O3) concentrations in this region could assist in the mitigation and distribution of these pollutants. This work examines the influence of atmospheric parameters on the production and distribution of air pollutants in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria for the development of control strategies that will enhance the mitigation and amelioration of the significant impacts that these atmospheric pollutants could have on the populace in this part of the country. The CH4 and NO2 data utilized in this study were sourced from the European Space Agency (ESA), while that of tropospheric ozone (O3) was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the atmospheric parameters data were provided by the Nigeria Meteorological Agencies (NIMET), Lagos. The analysis of the daily pollutants (CH4, NO2 and O3) including the atmospheric parameters in this region of the Niger Delta for the period 2003 to 2010 was carried out using standard statistical approach including the graphical method, stepwise regression model, least-square method, and correlation analysis. The Mann-Kendal rank statistics was also utilized in identifying the meaningful long-term trends, validation and testing of the homogeneity of the concentrations of the pollutants. The results of the correlations of CH4, NO2 and O3 concentrations with their previous day’s concentrations showed a strong significance in regression analysis for both CH4 and O3. The coefficient of determination of CH4 and O3 was obtained as 0.654 and 0.810 respectively, while a very weak correlation was obtained for NO2. However, despite that a very strong negative correlation of -0.809 and -0

关键词： Air Pollution Atmospheric Parameters Atmospheric Pollutants Regression Analysis correlations

Dense Fractal Networks, Trends, Noises and Switches in Homeostasis Regulation of Shannon Entropy for Chromosomes’ Activity in Living Cells for Medical Diagnostics

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第11期4卷 30-41页

作者： Nikolay E. Galich Department of Experimental Physics Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnic University Saint-Petersburg Russia

We analyze correlations and patterns of oxidative activity of 3D DNA at DNA fluorescence in complete sets of chromosomes in neutrophils of peripheral blood. Fluorescence of DNA is registered by method of flow cytometry with nanometer spatial resolution. Experimental data present fluorescence of many ten thousands of cells, from different parts of body in each population, in various blood samples. Data is presented in histograms as frequency distributions of flashes in the dependence on their intensity. Normalized frequency distribution of information in these histograms is used as probabilistic measure for definition of Shannon entropy. Data analysis shows that for this measure of Shannon entropy common sum of entropy, i.e. total entropy E, for any histogram is invariant and has identical trends of changes all values of E (r) = lnr at reduction of rank r of histogram. This invariance reflects informational homeostasis of chromosomes activity inside cells in multi-scale networks of entropy, for varied ranks r. Shannon entropy in multi-scale DNA networks has much more dense packing of correlations than in “small world” networks. As the rule, networks of entropy differ by the mix of normal D 2 and abnormal D > 2 fractal dimensions for varied ranks r, the new types of fractal patterns and hinges for various topology (fractal dimension) at different states of health. We show that all distributions of information entropy are divided on three classes, which associated in diagnostics with a good health or dominants of autoimmune or inflammatory diseases. This classification based on switching of stability at transcritical bifurcation in homeostasis regulation. We defined many ways for homeostasis regulation, coincidences and switching patterns in branching sequences, the averages of Hölder for deviations of entropy from homeostasis at different states of health, with various saturation levels the noises of entropy at activity of all chromosomes in support regulation of homeostasis.

关键词： Abnormal Fractals DNA Activity and Shannon Information Entropy Fractal Patterns and Fragmentation Informational Homeostasis Saturations of Chromosomal correlations Multi-Scale Fractal Networks of Shannon Entropy