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Geotechnical,Mineralogical and Chemical Characterization of the Missole II Clayey materials of Douala Sub-Basin(Cameroon)for construction materials

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2013年第2期3卷 46-53页

作者： Elisabeth Olivia Logmo Gilbert Francois Ngon Ngon Williams Samba Michel Bertrand Mbog Jacques Etame Laboratory of Subsurface Department of Earth SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaDoualaCameroon Laboratory of Environmental Geology Department of Earth SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangDschangCameroon

Geotechnical tests conducted on clayey materials of Missole II, Douala sub-basin of Cameroon showed that these materials present: fines particles (55 to 78 wt.%), sand (22 to 44 wt.%), and plasticity index of 13.8 to 21.6%. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the chemical analysis revealed a kaolinite amount of 46 to 56 wt.%, 19 to 27 wt.% of illite, 12 to 19 wt.% of quartz, 3 to 5 wt.% of goethite, 2 to 5 wt.% of hematite, 1.5 to 5 wt.% of anatase, 2 to 3 wt.% of feldspar-K with 52.87 to 63.11 wt.% of SiO2, 18.08 to 24.31 wt.% of Al2O3, 3.28 to 11.45 wt.% of Fe2O3 and a small content of bases (materials are suitable for the manufacture of bricks, tiles and sandstones.

关键词： Cameroon construction materials Geotechnical Tests Mineralogical and Chemical Analyses Missole II

Recycling Bayer and sintering red muds in brick production:a review

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2022年第5期23卷 335-357页

作者： Yu-jia XIAO Michelle TIONG Kim Hung MO Ming-zhi GUO Tung-chai LING College of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia College of Mechanics and materials Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Red mud(RM)is a solid waste generated from the extraction of alumina from *** is estimated that more than1.5 billion tonnes of RM are produced annually *** and landfilling of RM is toxic for the environment due to the presence of high quantities of alkali-generating minerals and metal *** high cost of RM treatment and limited land availability encourage the recycling and reuse of RM as construction *** many developing countries,brick remains the ubiquitous building ***,it is reasonable to use brick as a medium to accommodate a large amount of *** this review,the properties of RM are analyzed and their applications in bricks are *** common types of RM,namely Bayer red mud(BRM)and sintering red mud(SRM),are introduced along with the methods to produce bricks from them through firing,cementing,and *** alkaline-based BRM is particularly useful as a raw material to produce fired brick and geopolymer brick,whereas SRM,which contains more dicalcium silicate(C_(2)S)and some cementitious phases,can be favorably used to produce cementing *** geopolymer brick normally has more strength(up to 51 MPa)than fired and cementing bricks,and good durability(no efflorescence)with low energy consumption and CO_(2)***,several solutions have been suggested to resolve the issue of the radioactivity of RM brick,and strict regulation of its application has been imposed in some countries,such as China.

关键词： Bauxite residue Red mud(RM) Firing brick Cementing brick Geopolymer brick construction materials

Partial Replacement of Cement by Solid Wastes as New materials for Green Sustainable construction Applications

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Journal of Building Material Science 2021年第2期3卷 8-12页

作者： Hosam M.Saleh Abeer A.Faheim Aida A.Salman Abeer M.El-Sayed Radioisotope Department Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy Egyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceAl Azhar UniversityEgypt

The manufacturing of ordinary Portland cement is an energy-intensive process that results in pollution and CO2 emissions,among other *** is a need for an environmentally friendly green concrete *** products from a variety of sectors can be recycled and used as a green concrete *** decreases the environmental effects of concrete manufacturing as well as energy *** use of solid waste materials for green building is extremely important now and in the *** concrete is also in its infancy in terms of manufacturing and *** must intervene by encouraging business *** aim of this review paper is to raise awareness about the importance of repurposing recycled materials and to highlight new technologies for producing green,sustainable concrete.

关键词： construction materials Sustainable composites Green concrete Solid wastes

Identification of Glass Powders and Sands from the Crushing of Glass Waste from the City of Loméin Togo

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2022年第3期12卷 451-462页

作者： Apedjinou Dodji Kplolanyo Samah Essoavama Ouro-Djobo Amey Kossi Bollanigni Gbafa Kodjovi Senanou É quipe de Recherche en Mécanique (ERM) Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Ingénieurs de l’Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Centre Régional de Formation pour l’Entretien Routier (Togo) (CERFER) Lomé Togo Equipe de Recherche et Développement de l’Institut FORMATEC Lomé Togo

The sustainability of a city depends on the effective and efficient management of its solid waste. Waste recycling channels mainly process glass bottles for direct reuse. Some of these sectors carry out the crushing and grinding of end-of-life glass waste for use in civil engineering without the identification in terms of building materials being clearly established. The present study therefore aims to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of glass powders and sands resulting from the crushing and grinding of glass waste from Grand Lomé in Togo in order to consider their granular potential. Samples of sand and glass powder from the crushing and grinding of white, brown and green glass were subjected to characterization tests in the laboratory followed by analysis of the granular parameters and their modeling by Weibull’s law. The results show that the powder and the glass sand contain a high proportion of silica (SiO2) ranging from 69.11% to 70.18% and a low proportion of alumina (Al2O3) (less than 0.07) and iron (Fe2O3) (lower to 1.09). These three materials have tight and male graded grain sizes (Cu Cc omogeneous (k materials probable aggregates for plaster and coating mortars. Nevertheless, an in-depth study will be made to determine a suitable formula.

关键词： Glass Waste Granular Parameters Weibull’s Law construction materials

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Characterization of Clay Paste under Loads for Energy Saving in Clay materials Processing

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Journal of Minerals and materials Characterization and Engineering 2016年第2期4卷 154-163页

作者： Brahiman Traore Kokou Esso Atcholi Ouro-Djobo Samah Samuel Gomes Tibi Beda Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté IRTES EA7274 Belfort France Laboratoire de Géomateriaux Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Cocody-Abidjan Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Unité de Recherche sur les Agroressources et la Santé Environnementale (URASE) Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences Université de Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroun

Requirements for the respect of the environment encourage to reduce the impact of human activity on the nature. Civil engineering answers these requirements by the development of ecological construction materials. This paper deals with the transformation of clay raw materials which enable the processing of environmentally friendly construction materials: in addition to their biodegradability, the alveolar fired clay materials allow energy saving in home heating thanks to their thermal isolation properties. But their manufacturing is a high energy consumption process, in particular during compaction, drying and firing which contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases. The goal of this paper is to study the rheology of clay pastes in order to develop low energy in manufacturing processes. For this purpose, theoretical and experimental approaches were carried out on six clay varieties. In the theoretical approach, a finite element (FE) simulation model has been developed for pressing a non-rigid material predicting deformations and stresses occurring within the clay structure. Experiments have then been carried out to validate the finite element modelling. In this experimental approach, the clay pastes were transformed with water content respecting the Atterberg limits which determine the plasticity of clays. The samples compaction has been carried out under variable loadings in order to determine the suitable low energy consumption loading.

关键词： Simulation Model Environmentally Friendly construction materials Rheological Behaviour Clay materials Energy Saving

Developing Sustainable High Strength Concrete Mixtures Using Local materials and Recycled Concrete

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materials Sciences and Applications 2016年第2期7卷 128-137页

作者： Anthony Torres Alex Burkhart Department of Engineering Technology Texas State University San Marcos TX USA

This study presents the development of high strength concrete (HSC) that has been made more sustainable by using both local materials from central Texas and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), which has also been obtained locally. The developed mixtures were proportioned with local constituents to increase the sustainable impact of the material by reducing emissions due to shipping as well as to make HSC more affordable to a wider variety of applications. The specific constituents were: limestone, dolomite, manufactured sand (limestone), locally available Type I/II cement, silica fume, and recycled concrete aggregate, which was obtained from a local recycler which obtains their product from local demolition. Multiple variables were investigated, such as the aggregate type and size, concrete age (7, 14, and 28-days), the curing regimen, and the water-to-cement ratio (w/c) to optimize a HSC mixture that used local materials. This systematic development revealed that heat curing the specimens in a water bath at 50℃ (122oF) after demolding and then dry curing at 200℃ (392oF) two days before testing with a w/c of 0.28 at 28-days produced the highest compressive strengths. Once an optimum HSC mixture was identified a partial replacement of the coarse aggregate with RCA was completed at 10%, 20%, and 30%. The results showed a loss in compressive strength with an increase in RCA replacement percentages, with the highest strength being approximately 93.0 MPa (13,484 psi) at 28-days for the 10% RCA replacement. The lowest strength obtained from an RCA-HSC mixture was approximately 72.9 (MPa) (10,576 psi) at 7-days. The compressive strengths obtained from the HSC mixtures containing RCA developed in this study are comparable to HSC strengths presented in the literature. Developing this innovative material with local materials and RCA ultimately produces a novel sustainable construction material, reduces the costs, and produces mechanical performance similar to prepackaged, comm

关键词： High Strength Concrete Sustainability Recycled Concrete Aggregate Local Products construction materials

Review on The Teaching of Building materials in Higher Vocational Colleges Based on the“Three Educations”Reformation

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2022年第1期6卷 41-44页

作者： Jing Sun Chongqing Energy College Chongqing 402260China

Building materials is not only a basic course content of architectural specialization,but also a practical course content taught in higher vocational *** has a large number of knowledge points,a large number of principled and operational contents,and weak logic,all of which have an impact on the teaching *** is necessary to strengthen research on higher vocational building materials curriculum against the background of“three educations”reformation,as well as explore curriculum teaching reform strategy in conjunction with the current situation of higher vocational building materials curriculum teaching,in order to cultivate talents of high quality and professional ability.

关键词： “Three educations”reformation construction materials Teaching status Reformation strategy

Life Cycle Assessment:Embedded and Maintenance Environmental Impacts of Social Interest Housing construction Systems

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第8期15卷 408-418页

作者： Marianne Di Domênico Thaísa Leal da Silva Lauro AndréRibeiro Andréa Quadrado Mussi Post-graduation Program of Architecture and Urbanism School of Engineering and Applied SciencesIMEDPasso Fundo 99070-220Brazil

Characterized by high consumption of natural resources and great generation of environmental impacts,civil construction becomes an important ally to the development of strategies for a more sustainable built *** this context,this article aims to evaluate construction systems of social interest housing and point out their participation in relation to total impacts,in addition to indicating the environmental impacts embedded in the construction materials present in these *** this end,a case study was selected to apply Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)methodology and assess impacts of the building materials used in a house of a social housing *** was applied to masonry,roof,coatings and floor *** scope adopted assesses impacts incorporated in construction materials,analyzing the stages of raw material extraction,materials production,transport to construction site,maintenance and materials *** life cycle inventory,Ecoinvent 3.6 database was used and environmental impacts were calculated using CML method with the aid of OpenLCA 1.9 *** general,results showed that the maintenance phase has the greatest environmental impact participation related to analyzed ***,it was possible to conclude that coatings and masonry systems were the ones that most added to total environmental impacts.

关键词： LCA environmental impacts social interest housing construction materials