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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第1期3卷 87-91页

作者： Tobias Otterbring Alexandra Festila Department of Management University of AgderKristiansandNorway Freelancer CopenhagenDenmark

One of the greatest public health crises in recent times,the COVID-19 pandemic,has come with a myriad of challenges in terms of health communication and public cooperation to prevent the spread of the ***-derstanding which are the key determinants that make certain individuals more cooperative is key in effectively tackling pandemics and similar future *** the present study(N=800),we investigated whether gen-der differences in compliance with preventive health behaviors(PHB)at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic could be established,and,if so,whether the personality traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness could help explain this presumed *** with our theorizing,we found women to score higher than men on agreeableness and conscientiousness,and to be more willing to comply with a set of ***,both per-sonality traits were found to mediate the gender-compliance *** means that women’s greater compliance levels with PHB could,at least in part,be attributed to their higher agreeableness and conscientiousness scores.A greater understanding of the determinants of PHB in terms of gender and associated personality traits may help identify options for developing more effective communication campaigns,both in terms of communication channel selection and message content.

关键词： Covid-19 Pandemics Gender,personality Psychology Agreeableness conscientiousness Preventive health behaviors

Examining the Interrelationships between Motivation, conscientiousness, and Individual Endurance Sport Performance

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Journal of Sports Science 2017年第3期5卷 146-156页

作者： Joanne Perry Michael Ross Jeremiah Weinstock

Personality traits and motivation have been predictive of athletic success. conscientiousness, intrinsic motivation （IM）, and extrinsic motivation （EM） positively predict sport performance, while amotivation （AM） has a negative impact. This study examined the effects of both sport motivation and conscientiousness on athletic performance. Methods included a cross-sectional survey study of endurance athletes （N= 73）; including runners （56.1%）, swimmers （19.2%）, triathletes （6.8%）, rowers （2.7%）, and multi-sport athletes （15.1%）. conscientiousness and motivation were assessed using questionnaires. Subjective ratings and objective scores of a recent performance（s） were collected. Regression analyses demonstrated that conscientiousness positively predicted IM and negatively predicted AM. AM negatively predicted subjective performance. IM and EM were not significant predictors of subjective performance. No variable significantly predicted objective performance. Results support the deleterious role of AM in performance. Compared to IM and EM, AM might be a more relevant construct when predicting performance in a sample of athletes with varying degrees of commitment. This construct may be of particular interest to clinicians due to its association with athletic burnout. conscientiousness may serve as a protective factor against burnout.

关键词： conscientiousness motivation athletic performance athletic burnout.

Relationships between Five-Factor Personality Model and Anxiety: The Effect of conscientiousness on Anxiety

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Relationships between Five-Factor Personality Model and Anxi...

Implications of conscientiousness for Ethical Leadership:The New Role of Organizational Psychology

作者： Jiayin Fan Department of Psychology University of California

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between anxiety and the Big Five personality traits, especially conscientiousness and extraversion. Methods: 121 participants aged 13-55（M = 31.94） were evaluated anxiety levels using the BIS scale of anxiety;for conscientiousness and extraversion, they were measured by Big-Five Factor Markers. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between anxiety and conscientiousness;The results also showed that 1) While considering the multivariate model, conscientiousness and extraversion did not have independent effects on anxiety;a mediation effect existed. 2) There existed an interaction effect between conscientiousness and extraversion: for people who were high on extraversion, conscientiousness was less strongly related to anxiety. Conclusion: Results suggested that a small amount of variance in anxiety can be explained by conscientiousness and extraversion.

关键词： Personality Big-Five Anxiety conscientiousness Extraversion

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Psychology Research 2022年第12期12卷 925-932页

作者： Konstantinos Archontikis Michael Galanakis The American College of Greece AthensGreece

This paper discusses the main variables related to ethical leadership,and the behaviors exhibited by ethical leaders,along with the particular personality characteristic of ***,several definitions of both ethical leadership and conscientiousness are displayed,which shed light on answering the implications of conscientiousness on ethical *** articles are also included to further elucidate the main research question,which is the implications of conscientiousness on ethical *** literature review combines the traditional definitions and reviews of the variables,along with the research findings of the presented articles,their methodology designs and results,to support the beneficial impact of conscientiousness on ethical leaders,and discover its additional effect on employees’mindset,perceptions,and behaviors.

关键词： conscientiousness ethical leadership morality moral courage personality moral ideology

Personality factors and profiles in variants of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第47期13卷 6414-6418页

作者： Alireza Farnam Mohammad H Somi Firouz Sarami Sara Farhang Sanaz Yasrebinia Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran

AIM: To study the association between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) variants (constipation,diarrhea,or both) and personality traits in non-psychiatric patients. METHODS: IBS was diagnosed using the Rome Ⅱ diagnostic criteria after exclusion of organic bowel pathology. The entry of each patient was confirmed following a psychiatric interview. Personality traits and the score of each factor were evaluated using the NEO Five Factor Inventory. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty patients were studied. The mean age (± SD) was 33.4 (± 11.0) year (62% female). Subjects scored higher in neuroticism (26.25 ± 7.80 vs 22.92 ± 9.54,P conscientiousness (32.90 ± 7.80 vs 31.62 ± 5.64,P conscientiousness and neuroticism were significantly higher in C-IBS compared to D-IBS and A-IBS (35.79 ± 5.65 vs 31.95 ± 6.80,P = 0.035 and 31.97 ± 9.87,P = 0.043,respectively). conscientiousness was the highest dimension of personality in each of the variants. Patients with C-IBS had almost similar personality profiles,composed of higher scores for neuroticism and conscientiousness,with low levels of agreeableness,openness and extraversion that were close to those of the general population. CONCLUSION: Differences were observed between IBS patients and the general population,as well as between IBS subtypes,in terms of personality factors. Patients with constipation-predominant IBS showed similar personality profiles. Patients with each subtype of IBS may benefit from psychological interventions,which can be focused considering the characteristics of each subtype.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Personality conscientiousness Neuroticism Openness Constipation-predominant

Personality traits and emotional patterns in irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6402-6415页

作者： Maria Rosaria A Muscatello Antonio Bruno Carmela Mento Gianluca Pandolfo Rocco A Zoccali Psychiatry Unit Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging University of Messina

The review focuses on those personality traits(neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), constructs(alexithymia and distressed- Type D personality) and emotional patterns(negative and positive) that are of particular concern in health psychology, with the aim to highlight their potential role on the pathogenesis, onset, symptom clusters, clinical course, and outcome of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). Personality traits and emotional patterns play key roles in affecting autonomic, immune, inflammatory, and endocrine functions, thus contributing not only to IBS clinical expression and symptomatic burden, but also to disease physiopathology. In this sense, psychological treatments should address those personality traits and emotional features that are constitutive of, and integral to IBS. The biopsychosocial model of illness applied to IBS acknowledges the interaction between biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors in relation to pain and functional disability. A holistic approach to IBS should take into account the heterogeneous nature of the disorder, and differentiate treatments for different types of IBS, also considering the marked individual differences in prevalent personality traits and emotional patterns. Beyond medications, and lifestyle/dietary interventions, psychological and educational treatments may provide the optimal chance of addressing clinical symptoms, comorbid conditions, and quality of life in IBS patients.

关键词： Alexithymia Depression Anxiety Anger conscientiousness Irritable bowel syndrome Emotions Personality Neuroticism Extraversion

破坏性领导行为的诱因：下属人格特质与逢迎的作用

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