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Estimation of precipitation condensation latent heat in rainy season over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2009年第2期1卷 99-106页

作者： DongLiang Li Hui Wang Miao Liu NIM Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingJiangsu 210044China. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute CASLanzhouGansu 730000China. Climate Center of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang 310017China.

The basic data for this research comprise the outgoing long-wave radiation(OLR) data observed by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) series satellites from June 1974 through December 2005 over the area of 75°-105°E and 25°-40°N(totaling 91 grid zones when the horizontal resolution is 2.5° longitude by 2.5° latitude) and the monthly rainfall data recorded,from 1961 through 2005,by 93 conventional meteorological stations on the Qinghai-Tibet *** on the research of the relation between rainfall and OLR and climate regionalization,a mathematic model was established for each region and grid zone,which is applied to estimate the monthly rainfall and then to estimate the monthly latent heat resulting from the condensation of precipitation year by year from 1961 through *** results indicated that the multi-year average precipitation is 401.5 mm and the condensation latent heat is 18.55×1020 J in the eastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau;the increasing rate of condensation latent heat is 0.218×1020J/10a in the recent 45 years;that is to say,it will increase 1.2 percent in each ***,the total condensation latent heat and its variation rate in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are slightly larger than in the east to the plateau.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau rainy season rainfall OLR condensation latent heat

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Formation and Replacement Mechanism of the Concentric Eyewall of Super Typhoon Muifa(1109)

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2022年第4期28卷 425-444页

作者： HUANG Lang WEN Ying-fang LIU Yu-di Institute of Meteorological and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073 China Guangzhou Meteorological Bureau Guangzhou 511430 China

Based on high-fidelity numerical simulation by using the Weather Research and Forecast(WRF)model,we analyzed the formation and replacement mechanism of the concentric eyewall of Super Typhoon Muifa(1109)from the aspects of the potential vorticity(PV),dynamic/thermodynamic structure change,sea surface flux,and water vapor *** data and sensitivity tests were also adopted to verify the *** found that:(1)The abnormal increase of the PV in the rain zone is mainly due to the condensation latent *** water vapor conditions are beneficial to the formation of the outer eyewall structure,and when the environmental water vapor content is larger,the intensity of the outer eyewall becomes greater.(2)After the formation of the typhoon’s outer eyewall,in the area where the outer eyewall is located,the increase of inertial stability contributes to the decrease of the intensity of the inner *** the intensity of the outer eyewall is larger,the divergence and subsidence motion in the upper layer of the outer eyewall has a greater weakening effect on the intensity of the inner eyewall.(3)The increase of potential temperature of the outer eyewall is mainly due to the condensation latent heat release and the warming of dry air subsidence motion in the moat area.(4)The increase of sea surface heat flux can prolong the concentric eyewall replacement process.

关键词： potential vorticity(PV) sea surface flux moat condensation latent heat

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