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计算社会科学：涵义、特点与前景

社会科学总论 2019年第1期 1729-1736,1743页

作者：韩军徽李正风

计算社会科学作为一个新兴的跨学科研究领域，目前社会科学界对其涵义、特点和前景的认识尚不充分且有较大分歧。本文就计算社会科学的一些基本问题对美国多位有重要影响的计算社会科学学者进行了访谈，包括计算社会科学的概念、与传统... 详细信息

计算社会科学作为一个新兴的跨学科研究领域，目前社会科学界对其涵义、特点和前景的认识尚不充分且有较大分歧。本文就计算社会科学的一些基本问题对美国多位有重要影响的计算社会科学学者进行了访谈，包括计算社会科学的概念、与传统社会科学的关系、所生产知识的可靠性、面临的挑战以及发展前景等。访谈的目的是希望有助于深化国内学术界对计算社会科学的认识，进而推进相关研究工作。

关键词：计算社会科学特点挑战前景访谈 computational social science characteristics challenges prospect interviews

Argumentative Conversational Agents for Online Discussions

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Journal of Systems science and Systems Engineering 2021年第4期30卷 450-464页

作者： Rafik Hadfi Jawad Haqbeen Sofia Sahab Takayuki Ito Department of social Informatics Kyoto UniversityYoshidahonmachiSakyo WardKyotoJapan606-8501 Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-choShowa-kuNagoyaAichiJapan466-8555

Artificial Intelligence is revolutionising our communication practices and the ways in which we interact with each other. This revolution does not only impact how we communicate, but it affects the nature of the partners with whom we communicate. Online discussion platforms now allow humans to communicate with artificial agents in the form of socialbots. Such agents have the potential to moderate online discussions and even manipulate and alter public opinions. In this paper, we propose to study this phenomenon using a constructed large-scale agent platform. At the heart of the platform lies an artificial agent that can moderate online discussions using argumentative messages. We investigate the influence of the agent on the evolution of an online debate involving human participants. The agent will dynamically react to their messages by moderating, supporting, or attacking their stances. We conducted two experiments to evaluate the platform while looking at the effects of the conversational agent. The first experiment is a large-scale discussion with 1076 citizens from Afghanistan discussing urban policy-making in the city of Kabul. The goal of the experiment was to increase the citizen involvement in implementing Sustainable Development Goals. The second experiment is a small-scale debate between a group of 16 students about globalisation and taxation in Myanmar. In the first experiment, we found that the agent improved the responsiveness of the participants and increased the number of identified ideas and issues. In the second experiment, we found that the agent polarised the debate by reinforcing the initial stances of the participant.

关键词： Artificial intelligence conversational agents natural language processing online discussion computational social science

Measuring Community Resilience During the COVID-19 Based on Community Wellbeing and Resource Distribution

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Journal of social Computing 2022年第4期3卷 322-344页

作者： Jaber Valinejad Zhen Guo Jin-Hee Cho Ing-Ray Chen the Data and System science Lab Harvard Medical SchoolHarvard UniversityCambridgeMA 01451USA. Department of Computer science Virginia TechNational Capital Region CampusFalls ChurchVA 22043USA.

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely harmed every aspect of our daily lives,resulting in a slew of social ***,it is critical to accurately assess the current state of community functionality and resilience under this pandemic for successful *** this end,various types of social sensing tools,such as tweeting and publicly released news,have been employed to understand individuals’and communities’thoughts,behaviors,and attitudes during the COVID-19 ***,some portions of the released news are fake and can easily mislead the community to respond improperly to disasters like *** paper aims to assess the correlation between various news and tweets collected during the COVID-19 pandemic on community functionality and *** use fact-checking organizations to classify news as real,mixed,or fake,and machine learning algorithms to classify tweets as real or fake to measure and compare community resilience(CR).Based on the news articles and tweets collected,we quantify CR based on two key factors,community wellbeing and resource distribution,where resource distribution is assessed by the level of economic resilience and community *** on the estimates of these two factors,we quantify CR from both news articles and tweets and analyze the extent to which CR measured from the news articles can reflect the actual state of CR measured from *** improve the operationalization and sociological significance of this work,we use dimension reduction techniques to integrate the dimensions.

关键词： community resilience social computing data science fake news social media urban computing computational social science machine learning

Negative Sentiment Shift on a Chinese Movie-Rating Website

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Journal of social Computing 2023年第2期4卷 168-180页

作者： Hongkai Mao the social sciences Division University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA

Shifting to negativity is more and more prevalent in online communities and may play a key role in group *** current research indicates a close relationship between group polarization and negative sentiment,they often link negative sentiment shifts with echo chambers and misinformation within echo *** this work,we explore the sentiment drift using over 4 million comments from a Chinese online movie-rating community that is less affected by misinformation than other mainstream online communities and has no echo chamber *** measure the sentiment shift of the community and users of different engagement *** analysis reveals that while the community does not show a tendency toward negativity,users of higher engagement levels are generally more negative,considering factors like the different movies they *** results indicate a fitting-in process,suggesting the possible mechanism of group identity on sentiment shift on social media *** findings also provide guidance on web design to tackle the negativity issue and expand sentiment shift analysis to non-English contexts.

关键词： computational social science online community group polarization sentiment analysis user engagement negative sentiment

social Computing Unhinged

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Journal of social Computing 2020年第1期1卷 1-13页

作者： James Evans University of Chicago ChicagoIL 60637and Santa Fe InstituteSanta FeNM 87501USA.

social computing is ubiquitous and intensifying in the 21st *** used to reference computational augmentation of social interaction through collaborative filtering,social media,wikis,and crowdsourcing,here I propose to expand the concept to cover the complete dynamic interface between social interaction and computation,including computationally enhanced sociality and social science,socially enhanced computing and computer science,and their increasingly complex combination for mutual *** recommends that we reimagine computational social science as social Computing,not merely using computational tools to make sense of the contemporary explosion of social data,but also recognizing societies as emergent computers of more or less collective intelligence,innovation and *** further proposes we imagine a socially inspired computer science that takes these insights into account as we build machines not merely to substitute for human cognition,but radically complement *** leads to a vision of social computing as an extreme form of human computer interaction,whereby machines and persons recursively combine to augment one another in generating collective intelligence,enhanced knowledge,and other social goods unattainable without each *** the example of science and technology,I illustrate how progress in each of these areas unleash advances in the others and the beneficial relationship between the technology and science of social computing,which reveals limits of sociality and computation,and stimulates our imagination about how they can reach past those limits together.

关键词： social computing complex systems computer supported cooperative work computational social science artificial intelligence human computer interaction human-centered computing

Pandemic Policymaking

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Journal of social Computing 2021年第1期2卷 14-26页

作者： Philip D.Waggoner niversity of Chicago ChicagoIL 60637USAand also with Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA.

This study leverages a high dimensional manifold learning design to explore the latent structure of the pandemic policymaking space only based on bill-level characteristics of pandemic-focused bills from 1973 to *** indicate the COVID-19 era of policymaking maps extremely closely onto prior periods of related *** suggests that there is striking uniformity in Congressional policymaking related to these types of large-scale crises over time,despite currently operating in a unique era of hyperpolarization,division,and ineffective governance.

关键词： manifold learning computational social science congress policymaking COVID-19

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计算社会科学促进社会科学研究转型

社会科学总论 2019年第4期

作者：孟小峰张祎

作为一门典型的交叉学科，计算社会科学是连接自然科学和社会科学的桥梁，其充分利用现有信息技术对社会以及相关现象展开研究。当技术模式进入后大数据时代，当万物互联技术涌现，当中国社会呈现城市化、国际化、工业化、市场化和扁平... 详细信息

作为一门典型的交叉学科，计算社会科学是连接自然科学和社会科学的桥梁，其充分利用现有信息技术对社会以及相关现象展开研究。当技术模式进入后大数据时代，当万物互联技术涌现，当中国社会呈现城市化、国际化、工业化、市场化和扁平化等发展趋势，传统的计算社会科学只有进行变革才能与时俱进，因而出现了新的发展趋势。从大数据时代迈向后大数据时代，计算社会科学迎来了新的发展机遇，也面临新的挑战，主要表现在大数据融合、大数据治理、大数据隐私、数据透明和人机悖论等方面。要充分结合时代背景，将上述挑战转换为机遇，从而真正完成计算社会科学变革，就必须实现科学研究范式转移。在“技术推动社会发展，社会丰富技术内涵”的相辅相成机制中，以社会学家为代表的学者将可能提出根植于社会科学的第五研究范式。

关键词：计算社会科学后大数据时代万物互联科学研究范式转移第五科学研究范式 computational social science Post Big Data Era Internet of Everything Scientific Research Paradigm Shift The Fifth Research Paradigm

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计算社会科学促进社会科学研究转型

科学技术哲学 2019年第11期

作者：孟小峰张祎

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社会科学大数据计算

图书馆学情报学 2018年第4期

作者：郝龙李凤翔

大数据时代的数据累积与技术进步，为计算社会科学的发展奠定了新的契机，大数据计算也取代社会模拟成为计算社会科学的核心议题。社会科学大数据计算，依托最新的大数据分析处理技术，致力于从符合社会研究需要的数据海洋中挖掘、清洗... 详细信息

大数据时代的数据累积与技术进步，为计算社会科学的发展奠定了新的契机，大数据计算也取代社会模拟成为计算社会科学的核心议题。社会科学大数据计算，依托最新的大数据分析处理技术，致力于从符合社会研究需要的数据海洋中挖掘、清洗出有价值的“知识数据”，并在此基础上展开科学分析与知识发现。当前，电子踪迹、社交媒体、数字文本与空间位置信息是4种最具代表性的社会科学大数据类型，它们已被广泛应用于诸多社会研究领域之中，在推动数据分析方法创新的同时，也极大地拓展了社会科学的研究视野。尽管仍面临着数据、技术、知识边界和社会伦理等方面的种种限制，社会科学大数据计算的发展潜力无疑是巨大的。

关键词：大数据计算社会科学大数据计算知识数据 Big data computational social science Big data computing Knowledge data