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Performance Evaluation of compressed air energy storage Using TRNSYS

Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2015年第4期13卷 361-366页

作者： R.Velraj V.Gayathri A.Thenmozhi the Institute for energy Studies Anna University

The appreciable economic growth in some of the developing countries like India in the recent years, towards providing energy security causes large environmental impact. Renewable energy （RE） is being seen as one of the important means to meet the growing power needs of the economy while enhancing energy security and providing opportunities for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. However, RE sources are highly intermittent in nature. The variability of these sources has led to concerns regarding the reliability of an electric grid that derives a large fraction of its energy from these sources as well as the cost of reliably integrating large amounts of variable generation into the electric grid. Hence at this juncture, it is necessary to explore the benefits of suitable energy storage technologies. compressed air energy storage （CAES） is a commercial, utility-scale technology that provides long-duration energy storage with fast ramp rates and good part-load operation. It is a promising storage technology for balancing the large-scale penetration of renewable energies, such as wind and solar power, into electric grids. Considering the potential of CAES storage, the present work, a thermodynamic model is developed with suitable assumptions and the simulation analysis is performed using transient system simulation （TRNSYS） v17 software. The system performanee is compared by considering the recovery during the heat of compression using a thermal storage system and without considering the heat recovery. The overall turnaround efficiency of the system without considering the thermal energy storage （TES） system is 57 % and with TES system the efficiency is increased to 70%.

关键词： compressed air energy storage solarcollector thermal energy storage.

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Comparative analysis of thermodynamic and mechanical responses between underground hydrogen storage and compressed air energy storage in lined rock caverns

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第4期34卷 531-543页

作者： Bowen Hu Liyuan Yu Xianzhen Mi Fei Xu Shuchen Li Wei Li Chao Wei Tao Zhang State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Key Laboratory of Large Structure Health Monitoring and Control Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

Underground hydrogen storage(UHS)and compressed air energy storage(CAES)are two viable largescale energy storage technologies for mitigating the intermittency of wind and solar ***,it is meaningful to compare the properties of hydrogen and air with typical thermodynamic storage *** study employs a multi-physical coupling model to compare the operations of CAES and UHS,integrating gas thermodynamics within caverns,thermal conduction,and mechanical deformation around rock *** thermodynamic responses are validated using additional simulations and the field test *** and pressure variations of air and hydrogen within rock caverns exhibit similarities under both adiabatic and diabatic simulation *** reaches higher temperature and pressure following gas charging stage compared to air,and the ideal gas assumption may lead to overestimation of gas temperature and *** steel lining of CAES,the sealing layer(fibre-reinforced plastic FRP)in UHS is prone to deformation but can effectively mitigates stress in the sealing *** CAES,the first principal stress on the surface of the sealing layer and concrete lining is tensile stress,whereas UHS exhibits compressive stress in the same *** present research can provide references for the selection of energy storage methods.

关键词： Underground hydrogen storage compressed air energy storage Mechanical response Thermodynamic response Lined rock caverns

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Comparative Analysis of Diagonal and Centrifugal Compressors with Synergy Theory in compressed air energy storage System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1325-1339页

作者： ZHANG Yuxin ZUO Zhitao ZHOU Xin GUO Wenbin CHEN Haisheng Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China National energy Large Scale Physical energy storage Technologies R&D Center of Bijie Bijie551700China Nanjing Institute of Future energy System IETCASNanjing211135China

energy storage technology is an essential part of the efficient energy *** air energy storage(CAES)is considered to be one of the most promising large-scale physical energy storage *** is favored because of its low-cost,long-life,environmentally friendly and low-carbon *** compressor is the core component of CAES,and the performance is critical to the overall system *** importance is not only reflected in the design point,but also in the continuous efficient operation under variable working *** diagonal compressor is currently the focus of the developing large-scale CAES because of its stronger flow capacity compared with traditional centrifugal *** the diagonal compressor has the higher single stage pressure ratio compared with axial *** this paper,the full three dimensional numerical simulation technologies with synergy theory are used to compare and analyze the internal flow *** performance of the centrifugal and diagonal impellers that are optimized under the same requirements for large-scale CAES has been *** relationship between the internal flow characteristics and performance of the centrifugal and diagonal impellers with the change of mass flow rates and total inlet temperature is given qualitatively and *** the cosine value of the synergy angle is high,the local flow loss is *** smaller proportion of the positive area is the pursuit of *** comparative analysis,it is concluded that the internal flow and performance changes of centrifugal and diagonal impellers are *** results confirm the superiority and feasibility of the off-design performance of the diagonal compressor applied to the developing large-scale CAES.

关键词： compressed air energy storage synergy theory diagonal compressor centrifugal compressor comparative analysis

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Performance Assessment of Low-Temperature A-CAES(Adiabatic compressed air energy storage)Plants

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第5期31卷 1279-1292页

作者： TOLA Vittorio MARCELLO Francesca Carolina COCCO Daniele CAU Giorgio Department of Mechanical Chemical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Cagliari09123 CagliariItaly

The widespread diffusion of renewable energy sources calls for the development of high-capacity energy storage systems as the A-CAES(Adiabatic compressed air energy storage)*** this framework,low temperature(100℃–200℃)A-CAES(LT-ACAES)systems can assume a key role,avoiding some critical issues connected to the operation of high temperature *** this paper,two different LT-ACAES configurations are *** two configurations are characterized by the same turbomachines and compressed air storage section,while differ in the TES section and its integration with the *** particular,the first configuration includes two separated cycles:the working fluid(air)cycle and the heat transfer fluid(HTF)*** heat exchangers connect the two cycles allowing to recover thermal energy from the compressors and to heat the compressed air at the turbine *** different HTFs were considered:air(case A)and thermal oil(case B).The second configuration is composed of only one cycle,where the operating fluid and the HTF are the same(air)and the TES section is composed of three different packed-bed thermal storage tanks(case C).The tanks directly recover the heat from the compressors and heat the air at each turbine inlet,avoiding the use of heat *** LT-ACAES systems were modelled and simulated using the ASPEN-Plus and the MATLAB-Simulink *** main aim of this study was the detailed analysis of the reciprocal influence between the turbomachinery and the TES system;furthermore,the performance evaluation of each plant was carried out assuming both on-design and off-design operating ***,the different configurations were compared through the main performance parameters,such as the round-trip efficiency.A total power output of around 10 MW was set,leading to a TES tank volume ranging between 500 and 700 m^(3).The second configuration with three TES systems appears to be the most promising in terms of round-trip efficiency

关键词： compressed air energy storage low temperature A-CAES Thermal energy storage system integration

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Design Strategy of Diagonal Compressors in compressed air energy storage System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 872-887页

作者： ZHANG Yuxin ZUO Zhitao GUO Wenbin LIANG Qi CHEN Haisheng Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China National energy Large Scale Physical energy storage Technologies R&D Center of Bijie Bijie551700China Nanjing Institute of Future energy System IETCASNanjing211135China

As a kind of large-scale physical energy storage,compressed air energy storage(CAES)plays an important role in the construction of more efficient energy system based on renewable energy in the *** with traditional industrial compressors,the compressor of CAES has higher off-design performance *** the perspective of design,it needs to pay attention not only to the performance of the design point,but also to the performance of all the stable working ***,from the previous literature,no diagonal compressor was used in CAES which can meet the requirements,which also reflects the design program can be further ***,this paper studies the design strategy of high efficient diagonal compressor for large-scale CAES,and gives the complete strategy algorithms used for different program *** pressure ratio,isentropic efficiency and stable working range are comprehensively *** the design process,the criteria for the key parameters of the diagonal flow angle of the diagonal compressor are given for the first *** results show that the isentropic efficiency at the design point is 92.7%,the total pressure ratio is1.97,and the stable working range exceeds 20%,which meets the design requirements of the compressor for CAES and exceeds the overall performance of the previous compressors in the entire working range.

关键词： compressed air energy storage design strategy diagonal compressor optimal selection design procedure

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Efficiency Analysis of an Arrayed Liquid Piston Isothermal air Compression System for compressed air energy storage

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第1期32卷 17-29页

作者： HU Shiwei XU Weiqing JIA Guanwei CAI Maolin LI Jidong LU Yueke REN Teng School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Pneumatic and Thermodynamic energy storage and Supply Beijing Key Laboratory Beijing 100191China School of Physics&Electronics Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China School of Mechanical Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China

compressed air energy storage(CAES)is an important technology in the development of renewable *** main advantages of CAES are its high energy capacity and environmental *** of the main challenges is its low energy density,meaning a natural cavern is required for air ***-pressure air compression can effectively solve the problem.A liquid piston gas compressor facilitates high-pressure compression,and efficient convective heat transfer can significantly reduce the compression energy consumption during air *** this paper,a near isothermal compression method is proposed to increase the surface area and heat exchange by using multiple tube bundles in parallel in the compression chamber in order to obtain high-pressure air using liquid-driven *** compression with a compression ratio of 6.25:1 is achieved by reducing the tube diameter and increasing the parallel tube number while keeping the compression chamber cross-sectional area constant in order to obtain a high-pressure air of 5 *** performances of this system are analyzed when different numbers of tubes are applied.A system compression efficiency of 93.0%and an expansion efficiency of 92.9%can be achieved when 1000 tubes are applied at a 1 minute period.A new approach is provided in this study to achieve high efficiency and high pressure compressed air energy storage.

关键词： liquid piston gas compressor compressed air energy storage convection heat transfer high-pressure air

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Increasing Coal-Fired Power Plant Operational Flexibility by Integrating Solar Thermal energy and compressed air energy storage System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第6期32卷 2032-2047页

作者： LI Xiaoyu WANG Yumeng ZHANG Xinjing LI Bin XU Yujie CHEN Haisheng SHENG Siqing Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding071003China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding071003China

This paper proposed a novel integrated system with solar energy,thermal energy storage(TES),coal-fired power plant(CFPP),and compressed air energy storage(CAES)system to improve the operational flexibility of the CFPP.A portion of the solar energy is adopted for preheating the boiler’s feedwater,and another portion is stored in the TES for the CAES discharging *** water from the CFPP condenser is used for cooling compressed air during the CAES charging *** thermodynamic performance of the integrated system under different load conditions is *** system operations in a typical day are simulated with EBSILON *** system enables daily coal saving of 9.88 t and reduces CO_(2)emission by 27.95 t compared with the original CFPP at 100%*** partial load conditions,the system enables maximum coal saving of 10.29 t and maximum CO_(2)emission reduction of 29.11 t at 75%*** system has maximum peak shaving depth of 9.42%under 40%load *** potential of the system participating ancillary service is also *** is found that the integration of solar thermal system and CAES system can bring significant ancillary service revenue to a conventional CFPP.

关键词： solar thermal compressed air energy storage coal-fired power plant thermal energy storage operation flexibility ancillary service

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A novel nano-grade organosilicon polymer:Improving airtightness of compressed air energy storage in hard rock formations

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第3期34卷 305-321页

作者： Zhuyan Zheng Guibin Wang Chunhe Yang Hongling Ma Liming Yin Youqiang Liao Kai Zhao Zhen Zeng Hang Li Yue Han Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Wuhan 430071China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited Hangzhou 310014China

Enhancing cavern sealing is crucial for improving the efficiency of compressed air energy storage(CAES)in hard rock *** study introduced a novel approach using a nano-grade organosilicon polymer(NOSP)as a sealant,coupled with an air seepage evaluation model that incorporates Knudsen ***,the initial coating application methods were outlined,and the advantages of using NOSP compared to other sealing materials,particularly regarding cost and construction techniques,were also examined and *** results indicated a significant reduction in permeability of rock specimens coated with a 7–10μm thick NOSP ***,under a 0.5 MPa pulse pressure,the permeability decreased to less than 1 n D,and under a 4 MPa pulse pressure,it ranged between4.5×10^(-6)–5.5×10^(-6)m D,marking a 75%–80%decrease in granite *** sealing efficacy of NOSP surpasses concrete and is comparable to rubber *** optimal viscosity for application lies between 95 and 105 KU,and the coating thickness should ideally range from 7 to 10μm,applied to substrates with less than 3%*** study provides new insights into air transport and sealing mechanisms at the pore level,proposing NOSP as a cost-effective and simplified solution for CAES applications.

关键词： compressed air energy storage Lining Permeability Transient pulse method Hard rock cavern Nano-grade organosilicon polymer coating

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Adaptive linear active disturbance-rejection control strategy reduces the impulse current of compressed air energy storage connected to the grid

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Global energy Interconnection 2024年第5期7卷 577-589页

作者： Jianhui Meng Yaxin Sun Zili Zhang State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003P.R.China State Grid Handan Electric Power Supply Company Handan 056035P.R.China

The merits of compressed air energy storage(CAES)include large power generation capacity,long service life,and environmental *** a CAES plant is switched to the grid-connected mode and participates in grid regulation,using the traditional control mode with low accuracy can result in excess grid-connected impulse current and junction *** occurs because the CAES output voltage does not match the frequency,amplitude,and phase of the power grid ***,an adaptive linear active disturbance-rejection control(A-LADRC)strategy was *** on the LADRC strategy,which is more accurate than the traditional proportional integral controller,the proposed controller is enhanced to allow adaptive adjustment of bandwidth parameters,resulting in improved accuracy and response *** problem of large impulse current when CAES is switched to the grid-connected mode is addressed,and the frequency fluctuation is ***,the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in reducing the impact of CAES on the grid connection was verified using a hardware-in-the-loop simulation *** influence of the k value in the adaptive-adjustment formula on the A-LADRC was analyzed through *** anti-interference performance of the control was verified by increasing and decreasing the load during the presynchronization process.

关键词： compressed air energy storage Linear active disturbance-rejection control Smooth grid connection Impulse current Adaptive adjustment of bandwidth parameters

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Conception of a new 4-quadrant hydrogen compressed air energy storage power plant with an integrated electrolyzer

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energy Reviews 2024年第3期3卷 92-101页

作者： Hans-Peter Beck Ann-Kathrin Klaas Christoph Klaas Research Center energy storage Technologies Clausthal University of TechnologyAm Stollen 19A38640GoslarGermany Institute of Electrical Power Engineering and energy Systems Clausthal University of TechnologyLeibnizstraße 2838678Clausthal-ZellerfeldGermany

A hydrogen compressed air energy storage power plant with an integrated electrolyzer is ideal for large-scale,long-term energy storage because of the emission-free operation and the possibility to offer multiple ancillary services on the German energy *** paper defines analyzes such a storage concept and conducts an extensive comparison with four additional storage concepts based on various *** results show that the combination of storing compressed air and hydrogen offers a higher efficiency than storing only hydrogen and lower specific investment costs than storing only compressed *** result is confirmed with analysis of the optimal sizing of each power plant component for simultaneous participation on multiple energy markets with a linear optimization dispatch *** hydrogen compressed air energy storage(HCAES)power plant can utilize more revenue possibilities than a hydrogen energy storage because of the higher round-trip efficiency and the combination of the air compressor and the integrated electrolyzer during charging *** integration of the electrolyzer,however,offers a couple of challenges itself because of the highly flexible operation mode.A new concept for the controllable 24-pulse diode-thyristor rectifier of the electrolyzer is presented,that uses mostly common components while offering little to no grid harmonics and a long *** flexible integrated electrolyzer allows for the 4-quadrant operation of the storage power plant.

关键词： Long-term energy storage Hydrogen energy storage compressed air energy storage Mixed-integer linear programming Electrolyzer 24-Pulse thyristor rectifier

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