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Cane toads beneath bird rookeries： utilization of a natural disturbance by an invasive species

Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 433-439页

作者： Damian C. LETTOOF Jessica A. LYONS Richard SHINE Grdgoire MANIEL Martin MAYER Daniel J, D.NATUSCHa School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Resource Evaluation and Development Bamaga QLD 4876 Australia 87 Cours Aristide Briand 33000 Bordeaux France Faculty of Arts and Sciences University College of Southeast Norway Bei Telemark Norway

Many invasive species exploit anthropogenically disturbed habitats, but most of those taxa evolved long before humans. Presumably, then, an ability to use natural （non-anthropogenic） disturbances pre-adapted invaders to a world later degraded by people. Studies on invasive species in naturally disturbed habitats thus can clarify the ancestral niche of invaders. In the Australian tropics, metallic starlings Aplonis metallica nest communally in emergent rainforest trees during the wet-season, and invasive cane toads Rhinella marina join other predators （mammals, birds, reptiles, and other anurans） to exploit the food resources beneath those trees. Compared to conspecifics found along nearby roads through the forest, cane toads beneath bird-nesting trees occur at higher densities, and are smaller in body size. The sex ratio is female-biased, and recapture records suggest that fe- males may be philopatric at these sites （whereas recaptures were rare for both sexes found along the roads）. Some toads were found under the same trees in successive wet-seasons. Spooling showed that distances moved per night were similar along the road versus under the trees, but toads under trees showed lower net displacements. Diets also differed （based upon scat analysis）, with tree toads feeding more on beetles and less on ants. These nutrient-rich hotspots are ex- ploited primarily by adult females and juvenile toads, whereas adult males congregate at breeding sites. By magnifying pre-existing intraspecific divergences in habitat use, bird rookeries may en- hance population viability of cane toads by enabling critical age and sex classes to exploit food- rich patches that are rarely used by adult males.

关键词： ancestral niche communal nesting niche partitioning pre-adaptation spatial ecology

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Extinction of lizards in Sri Lanka’s geographically isolated locations

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Life Research 2023年第4期6卷 22-26页

作者： Buddhi Dayananda Thilina Surasinghe Suranjan Karunarathna Buddhika Madurapperuma Lin Zhang School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4072Australia Department of Biological Sciences Bridgewater State UniversityBridgewaterMA 02325USA Nature Explorations and Education Team(NEET) No:B-1/G-6De Soysapura FlatsMoratuwa 10400Sri Lanka Green Diamond 220/BMaharanugegodaRagama 11010Sri Lanka School of Basic Medical Sciences Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China

Climate warming is projected to drive the extinction of approximately one-fifth of the world’s lizard species within the next 60 years(by 2080).However,it remains unclear to what extent and how the global lizard population will be affected by this phenomenon on a geographical ***,there is a need to establish a connection between extinction risk and the prioritization of conservation *** this context,we aim to address concerns related to geographically isolated and critically small lizard populations,highlighting why they face an exceptionally high risk of *** also explore the potential for entire populations to vanish without notice.A comprehensive understanding of these factors is essential to inform the prioritization of conservation initiatives aimed at safeguarding lizard populations in tropical countries under future climate change scenarios.

关键词： climate change communal nesting conservation lizards maternal plasticity philopatry

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