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Maiden Flight of Smart Dragon 1——The Smallest Launch Vehicle in China

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Aerospace China 2019年第3期20卷 27-34页

作者： GONG Min ZHANG Yiguo GAO Feng REN Xinyu ZHANG Dong China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing 100076

The Smart Dragon I(SD-I)launch vehicle is the first commercial rocket developed by China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology(CALT),targeting to the international launch market for small *** the smallest launch vehicle in China at present,SD-I is one of the most efficient solid boost rockets nation wide in terms of launch *** with current domestic rockets,it provides remarkable access to space with a faster response,higher orbit-injection accuracy and better payload accommodation at a lower *** August I7,2019,SD-I completed its maiden flight and delivered three satellites into the desired Sun Synchronous Orbit(SSO)of 550 km *** this article,a technical review of SD-1 is presented detailing the design concept and the use of state of the art technology throughout its development.

关键词： SD-Ⅰ smallest launch vehicle cost control commercial launch market

Analyzing Land Cover Change—The Impact of the Motorway Construction and Their Operation on Landscape Structure

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第5期6卷 559-571页

作者： Zdenek Keken Marika Sebkova Jan Skalos Department of Applied Ecology Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague Prague Czech Republic

The aim of our study was to assess the influence of motorways on landscape structure changes. The research was situated on segments of the D1 and D3 motorways in the Czech Republic. The method used for determining the impacts of the construction and operation of the motorway on the landscape structure was based on comparing the development of the land cover types in an area where the motorway was present for almost the entire monitored period (D1 motorway segment) with the development of the land cover types in an area where the motorway was constructed towards the end of the monitored period (D3 motorway segment). Monitored period?was?between years 1949, 1988 (1984 segment of motorway D3) and 2007. Source materials were processed and analyzed in the ArcGIS software environment. Our comparison indicated that the main differences between segments were in the level of development of commercial, industrial and agricultural built-up area in the vicinity of motorways. The existence of the motorway also contributed to the development of residential areas. It should be noted that in both cases there was also an increase in the extension?of shrubs and scattered vegetation, and in small quantities also category of forest.

关键词： Land Use Landscape Development Aerial Photos commercial Suburbanization Land Occupation

Sero-Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) among High Risk Groups in Abuja, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第1期9卷 89-103页

作者： Shehu Busu Mohammed Yakubu Ya’aba Moses Chinenye Abarike John Baba Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) Idu-Abuja Nigeria Department of Microbiology Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai Niger State Nigeria

Measurement of HIV prevalence among the general population as well as among specific sub-groups who are at high risk of infection is crucial for planning and for providing health care for those who are infected. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV-1 infection among high risk groups in Abuja. The testing for the presence of HIV antibodies was carried out using Determine®HIV-1/2 Test Cards (Inverness Medical, Japan), UnigoldTM kit (Trinity Biotech, Ireland) and Stat Pak®HIV-1/2 (Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc. USA). A total of 1587 high risk persons were screened for HIV-1, 739 (46.6%) were males while 848 (53.4%) were females. 261 (16.4%) tested HIV-1 positive, out of which 74 (5.3%) were males and 190 (11.1%) were females. This study indicates that the incidence of HIV-1 is higher among the females. Prevalence is higher within the age range of 26 - 30 years (5.17%) and highest prevalence was observed within the age range of 31 - 35 years in males (1.32%) and of 26 - 30 years in females (3.91%). commercial sex workers had the highest prevalence of HIV-1 (7.01%), while commercial Motorcyclists had the least (2.02%) (p ≤ 0.05). This study has shown that there are local sub-epidemics of HIV infection in Abuja.

关键词： HIV Prevalence commercial Sex Workers Algorithm Unigold Determine

Institutional Foods Development Perspectives Review

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 873-878页

作者： Ranganathan Kumar Tamilselvan Kathiravan Ramalingam Rajamanickam Shanmugam Nadanasabapathi Food Engineering & Packaging Defence Food Research Laboratory Mysore India.

Development of food service institution has been initiated by industrialization and has grown rapidly over the last half century. Institutional Food Service includes planning, preparation, distribution and supply of foods outside home. Consumer perceptions towards institutional foods are influenced by marketing, advertising and lifestyle changes. Food service systems/catering units promote new processing methods and bulk packaging of food to conquer problems like skilled labour shortage and reduce the operation cost. This review emphasize on the evolution of food services (vending, industrial food services, school lunch, hospital etc.) and its importance. It also highlights the attributes for making institutional foods more acceptable for consumers and their role of human engineering.

关键词： Institutional Foods commercial Food Industrial Food Service

Performance Assessment of Motorcycle Operation, as a Means of Urban Mobility in Lokoja, Nigeria

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2014年第4期4卷 343-354页

作者： Olorunfemi Samuel Oluwaseyi Eke Edward Chukwuemeka Albert Eyinda Eno. E. Okoko Department of Transport Management Technology Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Urban and Regional Planning Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

Motorcycles contribute significantly to the number of automobiles on the roads in Lokoja, Nigeria. This scenario is attributable to pitiable public transport supply and bad roads that are synonymous to the country Nigeria. Motorcycles are the major means of urban mobility in Lokoja due to the fact that the available taxies within the town operate within a designed route only (Felele-Army Barrack and Ganaja-Felele, vice-versa). The situations have led to high increases in the number of motorcycle operators and patronages in Lokoja. To this fact, the paper assessed motorcycle operation as means of urban mobility in Lokoja. The study was conducted using questionnaires and field observation to collect the required data. Data were also collected from the Federal Road Safety Commission and commercial Motorcycle Association of Nigeria, Lokoja to compliment the data collected from the commercial motorcycle operators and passengers in the study area. The weekly records of movement were sourced from Okada Riders Association in Lokoja. A total of 1125 commercial operators and 4000 commuters were arrived, while 10% of the populations were sampled. Altogether 113 commercial motorcycle operators and 400 passengers were sampled respectively and this amounted to 513 samples. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and percentages were employed in the data analysis. Findings revealed that unemployment situation in the state have led many people, particularly the youth, into the commercial motorcycle operation in the city and the ability to provide door-to-door service have made many people patronize commercial motorcycle in the area. On this note, Government should create more job opportunities, introduce the use of three wheel cycles and improve on the operational efficiencies of city taxies which will go a long way in reducing road accidents and thus reducing the influx of commercial motorcycles.

关键词： Mobility commercial Motorcycle Passenger Lokoja

Response Surface Optimization of a Solvent Free Production of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 Isomers of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Using High Linoleic Sunflower Oil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第6期8卷 658-677页

作者： Sara Koohikamali Department of Food Science and Technology Shahr-e-Qods Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Young Researchers Club Shahr-e-Qods Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

The most dominant and beneficial conjugated linoleic acids isomers (CLAs) with miscellaneous biological tasks are 9c11t-C18:2 and 10t12c-C18:2. The problem with most of the commercial CLA produced by non-optimized conventional approaches is the heterogeneity of their isomers and undesirable toxic by-products. In this study, optimization of the isomerization of the fatty acid methyl esters of the high linoleic sunflower oil was investigated through response surface methodology (RSM). The reaction temperature, the concentration of PEG400 and NaOCH3 had positive influence on the total conjugated linoleic acid methyl esters (CLAME) production as response. However, the effect of the polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) concentration was more significant on response than those of other factors (p < 0.05). The reaction time and the interactions between the factors had no significant effect on response (p ≥ 0.05). The optimum point for the maximum response of 72.90% (i.e., based on the mass percentage of total fatty acid methyl esters mixture) was at 5% w/w NaOCH3, 1.06% w/w PEG400 and temperature of 140°C.

关键词： CLA Methyl Esters Isomerization commercial CLA RSM Phase Transfer Catalyst PEG400

Sustainability of E-Trike as Alternative Mode of Public Transportation System: The Case of Cabanatuan City, Philippines

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2017年第3期7卷 362-377页

作者： Felipe E. Balaria Marilou P. Pascual Mercedes D. Santos Arjay F. Ortiz Arneil G. Gabriel Teodora Luz Soto Mangahas Nueva Ecija University of Science & Technology Cabanatuan City Philippines

The City of Cabanatuan is dubbed as the “Tricycle Capital of the Philippines”. Tricycle is a three wheeled vehicle used to transport people. Cabanatuan has about 30,000 registered gas-fed four-stroke motorized tricycles. Tricycle operation in this City has become the source of livelihood for around 10,000 families. Its number has tremendously increased despite growing competition and declining net daily income and the adverse effects it brings to the environment. The study analyzed the different aspects in the adoption of E-trikes (electric tricycles) as a mode of public transport system replacing motorized tricycles in the city. The conceptual framework of sustainable development was used to analyze the data. Basic accounting method in determining return on investment and payback period were used to compare the cost and return from among the current mode of transportation as against the adoption of E-trike. Data gathering employed the interviews, survey questionnaires and focus group discussion. The three areas of sustainability measured in the study were economic, socio-political and environmental. The study showed that from among 412 tricycle driver-operators randomly selected, majority were amenable to the shift from engine propelled tricycle to E-trike. However, cost of E-trike deters adoption and full implementation by the City Government. Political issue is also?the?utmost consideration since work displacement is imminent among the stakeholders once adoption of this mode takes place. On the other side, E-trike was found to be sustainable in the long run both on the point of view of operators and the riding public. The paper recommended that policy regulation be laid down, adopted, and implemented by the local government unit in response to the Philippines Cleaner Air Act.

关键词： Motorized Tricycle Electric Tricycle Environmental Hazard Adoption of Available & Better Technologies Sustainability commercial Viability

Functional Starter Cultures for Meat: A Case Study on Technological and Probiotic Characterization

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第5期6卷 511-522页

作者： Antonio Bevilacqua Maria Rosaria Corbo Barbara Speranza Barbara Di Maggio Mariangela Gallo Milena Sinigaglia Department of the Science of Agriculture Food and Environment University of Foggia Foggia Italy

The selection of a starter is a complex process, involving different steps, like a preliminary characterization under laboratory conditions, the selection of the most promising strains, a lab validation and the final validation in a large-scale fermentation;the selection of a functional starter includes a further step, dealing with the assessment of the functional traits. This paper proposes a case study on how use a step-by-step approach, based on some rapid protocols, to select promising starter cultures with probiotic abilities. Nine strains, isolated from a commercial preparation, were studied in relation to some enzymatic activities (slime and acetoin production, reduction of nitrates, proteolytic activity and hydrolysis of tributyrin), technological (acidification and growth at different temperatures, pHs and salt amounts) and probiotic traits (hydrophobicity, co-aggregation towards Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli, survival at pH 2.5 and in presence of bile salts, antibiotic resistance) and compared to some collection isolates. As a final step, a multivariate approach was used to select the most promising isolates. The isolates from the commercial preparation were able to perform the fermentation (e.g. acidification) at low temperatures with some interesting traits in terms of bioactivity towards E. coli O157:H7, whilst some interesting probiotic traits in terms of hydrophobicity and survival in conditions that mimicked the gut were found for the collection isolates.

关键词： commercial Starter Screening Protocols Technological Performances Functional Traits Multivariate Approach

The Development and Application of an Indirect ELISA Test for the Detection of Chicken Anaemia Virus (CAV) by VP1 in Chicken Flock Serum

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Open Journal of Genetics 2014年第4期4卷 316-331页

作者： Elham O. Mahgoub Alneelain Medical Research Center Faculty of Medicine Department of Microbiology and Unit of Immunology Al-Neelain University Khartoum Sudan

Chicken anaemia virus (CAV) causes a viral disease in chickens worldwide and thus has economic importance. The main aim of this study was to develop a rapid, sensitive and specific VP1-CAVI indirect ELISA for the detection of CAV infection. The CAV-VP1, was separately cloned and expressed in recombinant E. coli. The purified recombinant CAV-VP1 protein was then coated as an antigen on an ELISA plates to evaluate its reactivity against chicken sera. The resulting indirect ELISA was then compared with a commercial ELISA. The specificity and sensitivity of the indirect ELISA were measured as 93.3% and 100%, respectively. A t-test produced a t-value of 15.805 for the indirect ELISA and revealed a significant difference between CAV-positive serum and CAV-negative serum (p-value of 0.001). For the second variable (i.e., a commercial ELISA), the t-test yielded a t-value of 5.063, which revealed a significant difference between CAV-positive serum and CAV-negative serum (p-value of 0.015). This intervention produces statistically significant improvements in both variables (p-values < 0.05). The correlation coefficient for the indirect ELISA was r = 0.93. Therefore, this work can be considered as a new achievement in diagnosis for Chicken anaemia virus in chicken flocks.

关键词： Indirect ELISA commercial ELISA Chicken Anaemia Virus Recombinant Protein VP1 Sensitivity Specificity Standard Curve for Indirect ELISA