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Computer-Assisted Detection of colonic polyps Using Improved Faster R-CNN

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2019年第4期28卷 718-724页

作者： LI Jiangyun ZHANG Jie CHANG Dedan HU Yaojun School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes Ministry of Education Department of Gastroenterology Fu Xing Hospital Capital Medical University

The deficiencies of existing polyp detection methods remain: i) They primarily depend on the manually extracted features and require considerable amounts of preprocessing. ii) Most traditional methods cannot specify the location of the polyps in colonoscopy images, especially for the polyps with variable size. In order to derive the improvement and lift the accuracy, we propose a novel and scalable detection algorithm based on deep neural networks—an improved Faster Regionbased Convolutional neural networks(Faster R-CNN)—by increasing the fusion of feature maps at different *** can be employed to detect and locate polyps, and even achieve a multi-object task for polyps in the *** experimental consequences demonstrate that the best version among improved algorithms achieves 97.13%accuracy on the CVC-ClinicDB database, overtaking the previous methods.

关键词： colonic polyps Deep learning Improved Faster R-CNN Object detection

Association between CYP24A1 polymorphisms and the risk of colonic polyps and colon cancer in a Chinese population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第28期23卷 5179-5186页

作者： Xue-Qi Chen Jia-Yu Mao Wen-Bin Li Jian Li Hong Yang Jia-Ming Qian Jing-Nan Li Department of Gastroenterology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Department of General Surgery Henan Cancer Hospital

AIM To determine the pathogenesis and potential single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) as screening sites for colonic polyps,colon cancer and ulcerative colitis,and to analyze the possible association between these genetic polymorphisms and the three diseases. METHODS We evaluated genetic polymorphisms in 144 newly diagnosed colonic polyp patients,96 colon cancer patients and 44 ulcerative colitis patients. The four SNPs genotyped were rs4809957,rs6068816,rs6091822 and rs8124792. The control group consisted of 504 East Asians enrolled in the 1000 Genomes Project. Correlations between CYP24A1 SNPs and the diseases were analyzed by Fisher's exact probability *** CYP24A1 polymorphisms rs4809957 A/G and rs6068816 C/T showed a statistically significant association with risk of the three diseases,when both the genotypes and allele frequencies were considered. With regard to rs6091822 G/T,all three diseases were related to risk allele carriers(GT + TT) vs wild-type(GG),but the associations between the allele frequencies and the diseases were not significant. The risk of colonic polyps and colon cancer was related to the allele frequencies of rs8124792 G/A,and this association remained for genotype frequencies of this SNP. CONCLUSION Four SNPs are related to the risk of colonic polyps and colon cancer. G allele in rs6091822 G/T may play an anti-cancer role only if it is homozygous. The A allele,which is a minor component of rs8124792,may be indicated in the diagnosis of colonic polyps or colon cancer rather than ulcerative colitis.

关键词： CYP24A1 Single nucleotide polymorphisms colonic polyps Colon cancer

Oxidative imbalance increases the risk for colonic polyp and colorectal cancer development

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第11期14卷 2208-2223页

作者： Dimitrios Tsounis Vassiliki Villiotou Angeliki Melpidou Chara Pantsiou Alexandra Argyrou Charis Giannopoulou Adriani Grigoratou Dimitra Rontogianni Gerassimos J Mantzaris George Papatheodoridis Department of Gastroenterology 251 General Hospital of Hellenic Air ForceAthens 11525Greece Department of Biochemistry Metaxa Anticancer HospitalPiraeus 18537Greece Department of Biochemistry Evangelismos HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Evangelismos HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Pathology Evangelismos HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Gastroenterology EvangelismosOphthalmiatreion Athinon and Polyclinic HospitalsAthens 10676Greece Academic Department of Gastroenterology Athens University Medical SchoolLaikon General HospitalAthens 11527Greece

BACKGROUND The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma(CRC)has garnered considerable interest *** oxidative factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of adenomatous polyps and ultimately *** To evaluate the effect of oxidative imbalance as quantified by specific serological markers in the development of sporadic colon *** A total of 170 patients that underwent endoscopy of the lower gastrointestinal tract in a tertiary center within 3 years were included in the *** were allocated in three groups;those with sporadic colon adenocarcinoma(n=56,32.9%),those with colonic polyps(n=33,19.4%)and healthy controls(n=81,47.7%).All patients were evaluated for oxidant activity and antioxidant capacity with serum measurements of specific markers such as vitamins A,25(OH)D3,E,C,B12,folic acid,glutathione,selenium(Se),zinc(Zn),free iron(Fe^(2+)),and malondialdehyde and results were compared between *** Serum levels of vitamins C,E,D,Se,Zn,vitamin B12 and total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in the combined neoplasia/polyp group than in the control group(P=0.002,P=0.009,Ppolyps as *** the other hand,elevated serum levels of malondialdehyde are associated with a higher risk of CRC(OR=2.09 compared to controls,P=0.004).Regarding colonic polyp development,increased concentrations of vitaminΑand Fe^(2+) are associated with a higher risk,whereas lower levels of malondialdehyde with a lower *** Increased oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of ***’presence may exert a protective effect in the very early stages

关键词： Oxidative imbalance Reactive oxygen species Colorectal adenocarcinoma colonic polyps Antioxidant capacity

Colo-colonic intussusception with post-polypectomy electrocoagulation syndrome:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第25期10卷 8939-8944页

作者： Jae Young Moon Min-Ro Lee Sung Kyun Yim Gi Won Ha Department of Surgery Jeonbuk National University HospitalJeonju 561-180JeonbukSouth Korea Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonju 561-180JeonbukSouth Korea Department of Internal Medicine Biomedical Research InstituteJeonbuk National University Hospital and Medical SchoolJeonju 54907JeonbukSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Post-polypectomy electrocoagulation syndrome(PPES)can occur after colonoscopic polypectomy and is usually treated conservatively with a positive ***,there can be cases with complications *** SUMMARY A 58-year-old woman,who had no previous medical history,visited the Emergency Department of another hospital with symptoms of abdominal pain and fever,1 d after multiple colonoscopic *** abdominopelvic computed tomography(CT)scan demonstrated colo-colonic intussusception,and she was transferred to our hospital to consider an *** showed colocolonic intussusception with PPES and no evidence of *** physical examination showed localized mild tenderness on the right sided *** patient fasted and was admitted for treatment with intravenous antibiotics(piperacillin/tazobactam 4.5 g each 8 h,ornidazole 500 mg each 12 h).After admission,the symptoms got better and a follow-up CT scan demonstrated resolution of the PPES and *** patient was discharged on hospital day *** Colo-colic intussusception can occur with PPES,and it can be properly treated conservatively.

关键词： Intussusception Endoscopy Colonoscopy colonic polyps Intestinal polyps Case report

Unusual phenomenon-“polyp”arising from a diverticulum:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第13期11卷 3070-3075页

作者： Jacqueline Jin Li Liew Wei Shyann Lim Frederick H Koh Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Colorectal Service Department of General SurgerySengkang General HospitalSingapore 544886Singapore

BACKGROUND Sealed perforation of colonic diverticulum is a common clinical condition and may be differentiated from an underlying malignant perforation using interval *** present an uncommon colonoscopy finding of a healed diverticular perforation,mimicking a polyp,6 wk post-diverticulitis-something that has not been reported in *** aim to shed light on the likely process that resulted in the trompe l'oeil after *** also introduces the possibility of more targeted colonic resection in the event of a similar *** SUMMARY A middle-aged Chinese female presented with a 3-d history of non-colicky left iliac fossa *** was associated with fever(Tmax 37.6℃),non-bloody diarrhoea and non-bloody,non-bilious *** had a history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus,well controlled on *** was noted on the left iliac fossa region with no guarding or *** white cell count(11.45×10^(9)/L)and C-reactive protein levels(213.9 mg/L)were *** tomography imaging of the abdomen revealed pericolonic fat stranding and extraluminal air pockets fluid density with peritoneal thickening at the sigmoid colon,likely representing a sealed *** weeks after the episode,she underwent a follow-up *** exophytic polypoid lesion closely associated with a diverticulum was seen in the sigmoid *** lesion was easily“pinched”off without much effort using endoscopic forceps and sent for histology which revealed granulation tissue suggesting a healed diverticular *** Granulation tissue associated with healed diverticular perforations resemble *** around these sites may allow for future targeted colonic resections.

关键词： Diverticulitis Colonoscopy colonic polyps Colorectal cancer Diverticular perforation Case report

Difficult colorectal polypectomy:Technical tips and recent advances

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第17期29卷 2600-2615页

作者： Sukit Pattarajierapan Hiroyuki Takamaru Supakij Khomvilai Surgical Endoscopy Colorectal Division Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Endoscopy Division National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan

Colonoscopy has been shown to be an effective modality to prevent colorectal cancer(CRC)*** reduction is achieved by detecting and removing adenomas,which are precursors of *** colorectal polyps are small and do not pose a significant challenge for trained and skilled ***,up to 15%of polyps are considered“difficult”,potentially causing life-threatening complications.A difficult polyp is defined as any polyp that is challenging for the endoscopist to remove owing to its size,shape,or *** polypectomy techniques and skills are required to resect difficult colorectal *** were various polypectomy techniques for difficult polyps such as endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR),underwater EMR,Tip-in EMR,endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),or endoscopic full-thickness *** selection of the appropriate modality depends on the morphology and endoscopic *** technologies have been developed to aid endoscopists in performing safe and effective polypectomies,especially complex procedures such as *** advances include video endoscopy system,equipment assisting in advanced polypectomy,and closure devices/techniques for complication *** should know how to use these devices and their availability in practice to enhance polypectomy *** review describes several useful strategies and tips for managing difficult colorectal *** also propose the stepwise approach for difficult colorectal polyps.

关键词： Adenoma colonic polyps Colonoscopy Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Polypectomy

Comment on “Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology: A state-ofthe- art review”

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第16期28卷 1722-1724页

作者： Thomas Bjørsum-Meyer Anastasios Koulaouzidis Gunnar Baatrup Department of Surgery Odense University HospitalSvendborg 5700Denmark Department of Clinical Research University of Southern DenmarkFaculty of Health ScienceOdense 5230Denmark

Colon capsule endoscopy(CCE)was introduced nearly two decades ***,it was limited by poor image quality and short battery time,but due to technical improvements,it has become an equal diagnostic alternative to optical colonoscopy(OC).Hastened by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,CCE has been introduced in clinical practice to relieve overburdened endoscopy units and move investigations to out-patient clinics.A wider adoption of CCE would be bolstered by positive patient experience,as it offers a diagnostic investigation that is not inferior to other *** shortcomings of CCE include its inability to differentiate adenomatous polyps from hyperplastic *** this issue would improve the stratification of patients for polyp *** intelligence(AI)has shown promising results in polyp detection and characterization to minimize incomplete CCEs and avoid needless *** AI appears to be a needed application to enable near-real-time decision-making in order to diminish patient waiting times and avoid superfluous subsequent *** this letter,we discuss the potential and role of AI in CCE as a diagnostic tool for the large bowel.

关键词： Video capsule endoscopy Wireless capsule endoscopy Artificial intelligence colonic polyps Endoscopic surgical procedures Colon neoplasm

Quest for the best endoscopic imaging modality for computer-assisted colonic polyp staging

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第10期25卷 1197-1209页

作者： Georg Wimmer Michael Gadermayr Gernot Wolkersdorfer Roland Kwitt Toru Tamaki Jens Tischendorf Michael Hafner Shigeto Yoshida Shinji Tanaka Dorit Merhof Andreas Uhl Department of Computer Sciences University of Salzburg Interdisciplinary Imaging and Vision Institute Aachen RWTH Aachen Department of Internal Medicine I Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken(SALK) Department of Information Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology University Hospital Aachen Department of Gastroenterologie and Hepatologie Krankenhaus St.Elisabeth Department of Endoscopy and Medicine Graduate School of Biomedical and Health ScienceHiroshima University Department of Endoscopy Hiroshima University Hospital

BACKGROUND It was shown in previous studies that high definition endoscopy, high magnification endoscopy and image enhancement technologies, such as chromoendoscopy and digital chromoendoscopy [narrow-band imaging(NBI), iScan] facilitate the detection and classification of colonic polyps during endoscopic sessions. However, there are no comprehensive studies so far that analyze which endoscopic imaging modalities facilitate the automated classification of colonic polyps. In this work, we investigate the impact of endoscopic imaging modalities on the results of computer-assisted diagnosis systems for colonic polyp *** To assess which endoscopic imaging modalities are best suited for the computerassisted staging of colonic *** In our experiments, we apply twelve state-of-the-art feature extraction methods for the classification of colonic polyps to five endoscopic image databases of colonic lesions. For this purpose, we employ a specifically designed experimental setup to avoid biases in the outcomes caused by differing numbers of images per image database. The image databases were obtained using different imaging modalities. Two databases were obtained by high-definition endoscopy in combination with i-Scan technology(one with chromoendoscopy and one without chromoendoscopy). Three databases were obtained by highmagnification endoscopy(two databases using narrow band imaging and one using chromoendoscopy). The lesions are categorized into non-neoplastic and neoplastic according to the histological *** Generally, it is feature-dependent which imaging modalities achieve high results and which do not. For the high-definition image databases, we achieved overall classification rates of up to 79.2% with chromoendoscopy and 88.9% without chromoendoscopy. In the case of the database obtained by high-magnification chromoendoscopy, the classification rates were up to 81.4%. For the combination of high-magnification endoscopy with NBI, results

关键词： Endoscopy colonic polyps Automated diagnosis system Narrow-band imaging Chromoendoscopy Imaging modalities Image enhancement technologies

Correlation of the nuclear accumulation of CTNNB1 and colonic tumorigenesis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第13期119卷 1113-1117页

作者： QIU Zhe-fu Maruyama Keiji HAN De-min Nakamura Satoshi Second Department of Surgery Hamamatsu University School of Medicine 1-20-1 Handayama Hamamatsu 431-3192 Japan Beijing Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Centre Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100005 China

CTNNB1 （or beta-catenin） is regarded as a central effecter in molecules of the wingless/Wnt signalling pathway, It is cadherin mediated cell to forms a complex with a key component of the cell adhesion system and the protein product of adenomatous polyposis coil （APC）, glycogen synthase kinase 3β （GSK3β） and conductin. One mutation of APC is also responsible for activation of wingless/Wnt signalling pathway and accumulation of free beta-catenin in the cell. Beta-catenin upregulates oncogenes, such as cyclin D1 and c-myc. Beta-catenin expression in cytoplasm and nuclei was reported to increase in many cases of intestinal tumorigenesis. In addition, the hyperexpression of integrin linked kinase （ILK） in colonic polyposis has been demonstrated.

关键词： beta catenin colonic polyps integrin-linked kinase piroxicam mice