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Investigating the Impact of Base Heating and External Electric Field on PV Cell Performance under Intense Illumination

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第5期14卷 1305-1314页

作者： Boubacar Soro Guy Serge Tchouadep Esso-Ehanam Tchedre Kpeli Ousmane Souliga Adama Ouedraogo Issa Zerbo Martial Zoungrana Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Technologie Ecole Normale Sup&#233rieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The characterization of the performances of a PV cell is linked to intrinsic factors of this cell. It is therefore important for us to identify the favorable or unfavorable conditions that affect the performance of PV cells. It is from this perspective that it seems judicious to us to study the simultaneous influence of the heating of the base and an external electric field on the performance of a PV cell under intense illumination of 50 suns. Two phenomena contribute to the heating of the base of a PV cell which is heating due to the transfer by conduction of solar radiation energy received by the surface of the PV cell and the heat generated inside the PV cell by various phenomena linked to the movement of photogenerated charged carriers. In this study, we take into account the heating linked to the movement of the charged carriers in the base. After a mathematical modeling of the PV cell considered, some hypotheses are formulated and the expressions of the electrical parameters are established as a function of the electric field and base temperature. Subsequently, we use numerical simulation to highlight the behavior of theses parameters as a function of temperature and of the intensity of the electric field. The results show that for any given temperature, the orientation of the electric field as considered in our work improves the performance of the PV cell while high temperatures degrade these performances. Furthermore, the analysis of the curves shows that the harmful effect of temperature on the performance of a PV cell is more accentuated at large values of electric field.

关键词： collisions Thermalization Braking Electric Strength Base Temperature

Novel quantum phenomena induced by strong magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第2期28卷 70-98页

作者： Koichi Hattori Xu-Guang Huang Physics Department and Center for Particle Physics and Field Theory Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China RIKEN-BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973-5000 USA Department of Physics Brookhaven National LaboratoryUpton NY 11973-5000 USA

The relativistic heavy-ion collisions create both hot quark–gluon matter and strong magnetic fields, and provide an arena to study the interplay between quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics. In recent years, it has been shown that such an interplay can generate a number of interesting quantum phenomena in hadronic and quark–gluon matter. In this short review, we first discuss some properties of the magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions and then give an overview of the magnetic fieldinduced novel quantum effects. In particular, we focus on the magnetic effect on the heavy flavor mesons, the heavyquark transports, and the phenomena closely related to chiral anomaly.

关键词： Relativistic heavy-ion collisions Strong magnetic fields Anomalous transports Quarkonium Heavy quark diffusion dynamics

Determination of Orientations in Deformed U-U collisions at 0.52 GeV/u

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第9期25卷 3204-3207页

作者：吴科军谢菲周铀刘峰许怒 Institute of Particle Physics Huazhong Normal University Wuhan 430079 Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (Ministry of Education) Huzhong Normal University Wuhan 430079

The ART model is applied to study the deformed UU collision at HIRFL-CSR energy area corresponding to the high baryon density region in the QCD phase diagram. The time evolution of central baryon （energy） densities in central collisions at Eb = 0.52 GeV/u shows that different orientation collisions will lead to different lifetimes of high density, especially tip-tip UU collisions which have an extend lifetime for the high density phase by almost a factor of 2 compared to the body-body orientation collisions. In order to pick out the interesting tip-tip like events from a mass of random orientation collisions, we study the relation between stopping power R and impact parameter b in different orientation collisions and find that it can enhance the purity of tip-tip like events when R increases. Therefore, the high density and long lifetime events can be effectively distinguished by R selection.

关键词： Orientations collisions ART model UU collision

Energy and Centrality Dependences of Pseudorapidity Distributions of Charged Particles in Cu+Cu collisions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第2期29卷 71-74页

作者：姜志进孙玉芬 College of Science Shanghai Science and Technology UniversityShanghai 200093

We present the pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles in nucleus-nucleus collisions as functions of beam energy and impact parameter through weighted superposition of the pseudorapidity distributions in the effective binary nucleon-nucleon collisions.Using the theoretical model we then analyze the experimental measurements carried out by the BNL-RHIC-PHOBOS collaboration in Cu+Cu collisions at (√SNN) =200,62.4 and 22.4 GeV.The model has only two free parameters and the theoretical results favor the experimental measurements well.

关键词： collisions superposition parameter

Centrality in Relativistic Nuclear collisions and the Random Matrix Approach

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第9期28卷 96-99页

作者： Z.Wazir Department of physics comsats institute of information technologyislamabadpakistan

Using the random matrix approach,results for nearest-neighbor distributions obtained from experimental data on ^(12)C+^(12)C collisions at 4.2 A GeV/c and simulations produced with the aid of an ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model are studied.Comparison reveals that the observed changes in the nearest-neighbor distributions for different multiplicities can be associated with the onset of a region of central collisions.

关键词： nearest neighbor collisions

Ab Initio Calculations of Differential Cross Sections for Single Charge Transfer in ^3He^2＋＋ ^4He collisions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第7期24卷 1999-2002页

作者：吴勇闫冰刘玲王建国 Key Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics PO Box 8009-57 Beijing 100088 lnstitute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin University Changchun 130012 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000

The single charge transfer process in ^3He^2＋＋ ^4He collisions is investigated using the quantum-mechanical molecular- orbital close-coupling method, in which the adiabatic potentials and radial couplings are calculated by using the ab initio multireference single- and double-excitation configuration interaction methods. The differential cross sections for the single charge transfer are presented at the laboratorial energies E = 6 keV and lOkeV for the projectile ^3He^2＋. Comparison with the existing data shows that the present results are better in agreement with the experimental measurements than other calculations in the dominant small angle scattering, which is attributed to the accurate calculations of the adiabatic potentials and the radial couplings.

关键词： Calculations Differential collisions

Double Electron Processes in collisions of Partially Stripped Ions C^q＋（q = 1-4） with Helium

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第1期24卷 94-96页

作者：丁宝卫陈熙萌于得洋付宏斌刘兆远孙光智刘玉文鲁彦霞谢江山杜鹃高志民陈林崔莹邵剑雄何子峰蔡晓红 School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000

The multi-electron processes are investigated for 17.9-120 keV/u C^1＋, 30-323 keV/u C^2＋, 120-438 keV/u ^C3＋, 287-480 keV/u C^4＋ incident on a helium target. The cross-section ratios of double electron （DE） process to the total of the single electron （SE） and the double electron process （i.e. SE＋DE）, the direct double electron （DDI） to the direct single ionization （DSI） as well as the contributions of DDI to DE and of TI to DE are measured using coincidence techniques. The energy and charge state dependences of the measured cross-section ratios are studied and discussed.

关键词： Double Electron Processes collisions Ions C~(q+)(q = 1-4) Helium

Singly and Doubly Charged Projectile Fragments in Nucleus-Emulsion collisions at Dubna Energy in the Framework of the Multi-Source Model

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第8期28卷 54-57页

作者：王二琴刘福虎 Magda ARahim SFakhraddin 孙建新 Institute of Theoretical Physics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006 Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceSana'a UniversityRepublic of Yemen School of Engineering Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037003

The multiplicity distributions of projectile fragments emitted in interactions of different nuclei with emulsion are studied by using a multi-source model.Our calculated results show that the projectile fragments can be described by the model and each source contributes an exponential distribution.As the weighted sum of the folding result of many exponential distributions,a multi-component Erlang distribution is used to describe the experimental data.The relationship between the height(or width)of the distribution and the mass of the incident projectile,as well as the dependence of projectile fragments on target groups,are investigated too.

关键词： exponential distribution collisions

Real Photons Produced from Photoproduction in pp collisions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第10期29卷 31-34页

作者：傅永平李云德 Department of Physics and Mathematics Lincang Teachers CollegeLincang 677000 Department of Physics Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091

We calculate the production of real photons originating from the photoproduction in relativistic pp collisions.The Weizsacker–Williams approximation in the photoproduction is considered.Numerical results agree with the experimental data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider.We find that the modification of the photoproduction is more prominent in large transverse momentum regions.

关键词： momentum collisions transverse