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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第七届全国学术会议

作者： VlodekSIEMIONOW Dilara KHOSHKNABI Mellar P.DAVIS Vinod SAHGAL Department of Biomedical Engineering The Lerner Research Institute Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhio 44195USA

＜正＞Muscle fatigue is accompanied acute adaptations in the nervous and muscular *** muscle is fatigued,signals in both the central nervous system（CNS） and muscle alter,depending on the level of fatigue and nature of motor ***,whether the strength of association between the CNS and muscular signals is influenced by muscle fatigue is not well *** study aimed at assessing potential muscle fatigue-related functional coupling changes between cortical and muscle signals during a motor task that led to progressive muscle *** healthy subjects（48.2±14.8 yrs） sustained an isometric elbow flexion（30%maximal level） until *** the contraction, signals of 128-channel scalp electroencephalogram（EEG） and 3-channel electromyogram（EMG） from the biceps brachii, brachioradialis and triceps brachii muscles were recorded continuously at a 250-Hz sampling *** entire duration of the EEG and EMG recordings were divided into the first half（non-fatigue stage） and second half（fatigue stage） and subsequently the signals in each stage were segmented into artifact-free epochs of 256 samples without overlapping. Functional corticomuscular coupling was estimated by computing the EEG-EMG coherence in each epoch in each stage using a bi-variate auto-regressive *** values above a significant level at alpha（8-14 Hz） and beta（15-35 Hz） bands were statistically analyzed using repeated measures general linear *** results showed（1） the coherence decreased significantly（P＜0.01） from the non-fatigue stage to fatigue stage at the alpha and beta bands,indicating fatigue related weakening of functional corticomuscular coupling and（2） coherence between the EEG and biceps brachii muscle activities was significantly higher（P＜0.01） and more scalp region-specific than the EEG coherence with activities of the other two muscles at the beta band,suggesting that strength and spatial distribution of the corticomuscular coupling are muscle- and freq

关键词： EEG fatigue functional corticomuscular coupling coherence

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Skopostheorie and the Application to English-Chinese Film Title Translation

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海外英语 2015年第2期 216-219页

作者：尹常彬国务院国有资产监督管理委员会干部教训中心

This paper aims to explore the film title translation(FTT) from English to Chinese with an attempt to adapt Skoposthoerie as a guiding theory. Although usually short, film titles have a significance influence on box-offices. However, generally in China, FTT lacks a guiding theory. In fact, FTT is a purposeful activity. Among numerous translation theories, Skopostheorie is appropriate for FTT because, unlike previous theories, it enables the translator to employ various translational strategies to realize the main skopos. Its distinctive feature is"The end justifies the means". Generally, the main purpose of FTT is to attract the target audience(the Chinese audience) to watch the movie. This essay mainly classifies FTT into partial and total literal translation and free translation and, under the guidance of Skopstheorie, tries to probe into different strategies for different title types. In the introduction part, research background is presented. ChapterⅡ is devoted to the overview of Skopostheorie. Chapter Ⅲ is an overview of English film titles. As the core of this essay, Chapter Ⅳ focuses on the application of Skopostheorie to FTT. In order to realize vocative function, which is to call upon the audience to watch movies, intratextual coherence should be achieved. And abundant target film titles are adapted to explain that different strategies are employed for different titles. The conclusion is that Skopostheorie can play an active role in guiding FTT and in terms of Skopostheorie, FTT is in essence a process of renaming and recreation with certain strains to realize its vocative function.

关键词： Skopostheorie film title translation function intratextual coherence

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关于从一个n—直线或n—圆上无t—间隔地选取k个球的问题

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Northeastern Mathematical Journal 1995年第3期11卷 355-364页

作者：蒋茂森

Let F1(n,k) denote the number of wars of selecting k balls from n balls arranged in a line (Called an n-line) with no two adjacent Selected being t-separated. In this Paper we derive, by a direct structural analysis, an explicit formula for F1 (n,k):When t=1, our formula reduces to that of EI-Desouky (Indian J. PUre APPI. berth., 19 (1988),145-148).An ti-line 'an n-circle', if one replace the line arrangement by a drcle arrangement witha fixed orderly indexing for the n-bells. denote by G, (n,k) the number of wars Of saleing k bellsfrom an n-ace with no two adjacent sel afls being t-separated. Then we obtain a similarformula for G,(n,k):When t=1, it reduces to a recent result Of fbi (NortheaSt. Math. J., 10(4) (1994), 455-458).

关键词： Selectingl n-linel n-circle t-separation coherence Difference Operator

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法律翻译的准确性

法律翻译的准确性

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作者：张长明广东外语外贸大学

学位级别：硕士

With China's access to the WTO and the accelerating process of the globalization, it appears that China's legal translation and legal translation studies lag behind the western countries, which is manifested not only in the degree to which legal translation and legal translation studies have attracted attention but also in the systematic theoretical study and guidelines for legal translation. In the light of such worrying situation, I am motivated to conduct the study within the theoretical framework of Skopostheorie.This research, according to the descriptive translation studies, is made with the top-down functionally-oriented methodology, differing from the conventional bottom-up linguistically-oriented approach. Through integrating the macro-level translation Skopos and text function with the micro-level manipulation of syntactic structures and lexical expressions, this study mirrors and verifies the reasonableness and feasibility of Skopostheorie as the guidelines for legal translation.Precision is the symbol of legal language's spirit and vitality, thus precision has, accordingly, become the ultimate aim of legal translation. Or rather, the precise legal effects of the target text determine all the means employed in the legal translation process. In such case, the systematic study in this thesis has proved that Skopostheorie can help legal translators free themselves from the restraints of the conventional translation approaches, facilitate the legal transnational action and achieve the precise legal effects of the target text.

关键词： legal translator 法律翻译 sentence equivalence Legal coherence 《中国翻译》 brief clause

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从社会和心理双重角度对语篇连贯和衔接的研究

从社会和心理双重角度对语篇连贯和衔接的研究

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作者：赖良涛福州大学

学位级别：硕士

连贯与衔接是构成语篇篇章性的两个根本特征,对这两个概念许多语言学家都做过研究。然而现有的理论有许多问题,而且从整体上来说这些研究不够系统和全面。此论文中致力于对这两种现象做个比较系统的研究。笔者首先探讨一系列理论问题,... 详细信息

连贯与衔接是构成语篇篇章性的两个根本特征,对这两个概念许多语言学家都做过研究。然而现有的理论有许多问题,而且从整体上来说这些研究不够系统和全面。此论文中致力于对这两种现象做个比较系统的研究。笔者首先探讨一系列理论问题,包括连贯与衔接的重要性和地位、两者的关系、研究方法,并试图建立一个系统的框架。接着笔者从社会文化和心理认知两个角度对连贯现象做系统性的研究。首先探讨连贯的本质、特点、标准,并对连贯做了重新定义。随后讨论连贯的条件,包括社会文化条件、心理认知条件以及语篇本体条件,从而弄清连贯现象的各个主要的方面。社会文化条件中探讨了文化语境和情景语境;心理认知条件方面探讨了语篇产生与理解的模式、语篇处理的基础、互动过程、渠道、方向以及连贯的维度。语篇本体条件在后面探讨。对衔接的研究是和连贯紧密联系的。笔者首先探讨了衔接的定义、特点、适用域、范围、维度,随后探讨语言各个层次上的衔接方式,从而达到对衔接现象系统的、彻底的理解。研究表明,衔接与连贯之间是手段和目的的关系。一方面,连贯作为目的受到各种篇内与篇外条件的制约,而篇内条件就包含了衔接。另一方面衔接作为手段必然要在语言的各个层次上得到体现,从而实现语篇连贯的目的,进而保证社会交际成功进行。

关键词： discourse coherence cohesion social psychological

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全球化语境下的品牌翻译 ——目的论框架中的多视角实证研究

全球化语境下的品牌翻译 ——目的论框架中的多视角实证研究

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作者：张晓芸中国人民解放军外国语学院

学位级别：硕士

随着经济全球化进程的加快,世界已进入品牌竞争时代。如何将自己的产品更好地介绍给目标市场的消费者,更多地取决于对品牌的管理而非产品本身。全球营销使品牌翻译具有越来越重要的意义,好的品牌翻译,往往可以产生巨大的广告效益,为商... 详细信息

随着经济全球化进程的加快,世界已进入品牌竞争时代。如何将自己的产品更好地介绍给目标市场的消费者,更多地取决于对品牌的管理而非产品本身。全球营销使品牌翻译具有越来越重要的意义,好的品牌翻译,往往可以产生巨大的广告效益,为商家或国家赢得可观的利益。在全球化语境下,品牌翻译受其特定的功能的影响出现了不同以往的特点。本文为多视角研究,从法律、经济、语言、文化、意识形态以及消费者心理等角度对品牌名称的翻译进行综合性的研究。论文重点介绍了汉语品牌名称的特点,并以此为基础,在“目的论”框架下对外国品牌翻译成中文时为实现预期目的而采取的策略进行了详细的多视角分析。论文共分四章。第一章简单介绍了品牌的定义,品牌的注册与保护,品牌的作用以及强势品牌的标准,为后续的品牌翻译研究奠定基础。好的品牌名应具有促销和说服的功能;具有法律的有效性和独特性;易读悦耳,简短易记,并能在全球大多数语言中具有易读性;具有正面的,积极的含义,有时代感,并能引起美好的联想。第二章简要说明了汉语品牌名在语言方面的特点,并阐述了文化、营销、法律及意识形态等因素对汉语品牌命名的影响。汉语品牌命名趋向于选择一个双音节、平声结尾、褒义的品名。汉语品牌命名深受中华民族心理、儒家传统思想、文学传统、产品属性及其目标受众的影响。第三章简要介绍了“目的论”的基本概念及基本原则。“目的论”

关键词：全球化语境 translator translated names Context 双音节 trademark coherence 广告效益 translating

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《红楼梦》文化内容翻译的功能主义分析 ——A Functionalist Perspective

《红楼梦》文化内容翻译的功能主义分析 ——A Functionalist Per...

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作者：吴英俊广东外语外贸大学

学位级别：硕士

本文用功能主义翻译理论学派的目的论(Skopostheorie)作为理论框架，通过对《红楼梦》这一中国文学名著的两个英译本(杨宪益与戴乃迭的译本和大卫·霍克斯的译本)中的译例从技术经济系统、社会系统、思想意识系统和技术系统等四个方面... 详细信息

本文用功能主义翻译理论学派的目的论(Skopostheorie)作为理论框架，通过对《红楼梦》这一中国文学名著的两个英译本(杨宪益与戴乃迭的译本和大卫·霍克斯的译本)中的译例从技术经济系统、社会系统、思想意识系统和技术系统等四个方面进行对比与分析，并从异化(alienation)与归化(adaptation)的角度探讨了两个译本的翻译效果，认为在翻译过程中，译者应该根据不同的翻译目的要求，对某些文化因素采取不同的翻译方法与策略，从而取得特定翻译目的所要求的翻译效果。同时，在翻译评论中不应该再局限于以等值(equivalence)为核心的翻译观，而应该判断译文相对于其翻译目的是否恰当(adequacy)，即是否满足了特定翻译目的的要求。

关键词：功能主义翻译文学名著 equivalence 翻译效果 translational coherence 戴乃迭杨宪益 literal 翻译观

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连贯及其对连续传译的意义

连贯及其对连续传译的意义

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作者：许晖广东外语外贸大学

学位级别：硕士

The present thesis attempts to propose a theoretical framework of coherence and to study its implication in consecutive interpretation （CI） so as to identify coherence strategies for better performance. Based on the review of coherence research from the semantic, pragmatic and formal aspects respectively, we hold that coherence should be seen as the result of the interaction between meaning, context of situation and form. The form is the way to realize the meaning sequences in order to form a semantic totality. The situation can provide the background information to make the meaning intelligible. When the meaningful form is related to the context of situation, the text functions more efficiently. So coherence is the final total effect of a sense of semantic consistency, the representation of the text in the context of situation, and text well-formedness. CI is a text-based communicating activity, so the essence is the reproduction of coherence in the target text. By applying the coherence theory to the process of CI, we located the coherence-related problems and would like to identify coherence strategies to enhance communicating efficiency in CI. The interpreter should be aware of the interaction between meaning, context of situation and form in the interpreting process so as to achieve coherence. To get the source text meaning, s/he should try to get the linear and global connections of the facts and concepts underlying the text and take down in clear structure the key information. In reproduction s/he should use explication strategy by using proper cohesive means to realize the logical meaning relations and depend on the context to make the text function properly so as to achieve the communicating tasks. coherence-awareness is very important for the interpreter to achieve fidelity and fluency. Interpreter training with the focus on coherence-related skills or strategies would help improve the students’ text reception and production s

关键词： coherence consecutive interpretation

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用段落完成法测试阅读能力的研究

用段落完成法测试阅读能力的研究

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作者：余霞浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

Reading assessment has long been the interest of language researchers. It has been found out that examinees' reading performance is affected by a variety of factors, among which one is the characteristics of the method used to elicit reading performance. In recent years, with the development of assessment theory, different kinds of reading assessment techniques have been put into practice. These techniques include true-false questions, multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, sentence-completion tasks, cloze, summary tasks, and so on. The type of task this thesis attempts to examine is paragraph-completion task. It aims to measure test takers' ability to understand the main idea of a text, to organize a coherent text, and to understand its overall structure and relations among sentences through lexical devices, grammatical cohesive devices and various types of connectives. Based on a critical review of the studies on reading assessment in the past several decades by scholars from home and abroad, a study was done to investigate the usefulness of paragraph-completion task. The test was conducted in a key high school in Hangzhou. After finishing the test, all the test takers were asked to complete a questionnaire, and seven of them were also interviewed. The analysis of the test results shows that paragraph-completion task has acceptable reliability, validity, and power of discrimination, and it can be used as a supplement to the presently popular methods for reading assessment. The feedbacks from the questionnaires and interviews also indicate that it assesses students' understanding of the main idea of the text and their sense of coherence. Their most frequently used strategy is using contextual clues.

关键词： paragraph-completion task reading assessment coherence cohesion

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基于云化的订单中心管理系统的设计与实现

基于云化的订单中心管理系统的设计与实现

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作者：杨智程电子科技大学

学位级别：硕士

移动互联网时代每时每刻都在变化,运营商的业务支撑系统面临着挑战加剧。为了应对挑战,运营商都在参照互联网架构体系,结合电信业务特点,制定了构件分层混搭的基础设施,以及组件化松耦合的软件系统架构目标。为了满足第三代业务支撑系... 详细信息

移动互联网时代每时每刻都在变化,运营商的业务支撑系统面临着挑战加剧。为了应对挑战,运营商都在参照互联网架构体系,结合电信业务特点,制定了构件分层混搭的基础设施,以及组件化松耦合的软件系统架构目标。为了满足第三代业务支撑系统技术架构以及满足日益发展的业务需要,订单管理系统需要升级网络能力和进行技术架构转型,满足高弹性的云化架构、数据平台化、服务标准化、大数据计算框架等要求。为此本文设计并实现了基于云化的订单中心管理系统。本文以为满足四川移动业务需求和业务支撑系统三代规范为目标,首先,总结了订单中心管理系统和相关技术的国内外发展现状。然后针对本课题的实际情况,从现有系统和规范的差异性入手,再考虑了现有订单管理系统的缺陷性后对系统进行了需求分析,提出了系统实现的总体架构,并对需要新增的模块进行了详细的设计和实现。最后对系统的各新增功能以及存量核心功能进行了测试以保证不会影响现有系统的运行。本论文相关工作的先进性主要体现在以下两个方面:1.整个系统都是分布式的,充分利用了分布式系统的强大处理能力,解决了目前订单管理系统的扩展性不足,上线困难的问题。2.启用了缓存和内存数据库,极大的缩减了系统响应时长,解决了系统性能瓶颈。

关键词： coherence 分布式内存数据库订单中心 HSF 消息中间件

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