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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第6期38卷 994-1011页

作者： Hong WANG Wenqing WANG Jun WANG Dianli GONG Dianguo ZHANG Ling ZHANG Qiuchen ZHANG Shandong Institute of Meteorological Sciences Jinan 250031China Weather Modification Office of Shandong Province People's Government Jinan 250031China Key Laboratory for cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081China Zhangqiu Meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031China

The development and evolution of precipitation microphysical parameters and the vertical structure characteristics associated with Typhoon Yagi(201814)are analyzed in the city of Jinan,Shandong Province based primarily on the observations of a micro rain radar(MRR),a cloud radar,and a *** precipitation process is further subdivided into four types:convective,stratiform,mixed,and light precipitation according to the ground disdrometer data,which is in agreement with the vertical profile of the radar reflectivity detected by the *** winds may be the main source of MRR retrieval error during convective *** precipitation has the shortest duration but makes the largest contribution to the cumulative ***-coalescence is the main microphysical process of stratiform precipitation and light precipitation below the bright band observed by the *** is worth noting that as Typhoon Yagi(201814)transformed into an extratropical cyclone,its raindrop size distributions no longer had the characteristics of maritime precipitation,but become more typical of the characteristic of continental precipitation,which represents a very different raindrop size distribution from that which is normally observed in a landfalling typhoon.

关键词： typhoon rain drop size distribution micro rain radar cloud radar

Verification and Correction of cloud Base and Top Height Retrievals from Ka–band cloud radar in Boseong,Korea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第1期33卷 73-84页

作者： Su-Bin OH Yeon-Hee KIM Ki-Hoon KIM Chun-Ho CHO Eunha LIM Numerical Data Application Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea Applied Meteorology Research Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea Observation Research Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea

In this study,cloud base height（CBH） and cloud top height（CTH） observed by the Ka-band（33.44 GHz） cloud radar at the Boseong National Center for Intensive Observation of Severe Weather during fall 2013（September-November） were verified and *** comparative verification,CBH and CTH were obtained using a ceilometer（CL51） and the Communication,Ocean and Meteorological Satellite（COMS）.During rainfall,the CBH and CTH observed by the cloud radar were lower than observed by the ceilometer and COMS because of signal attenuation due to raindrops,and this difference increased with rainfall *** dry periods,however,the CBH and CTH observed by the cloud radar,ceilometer,and COMS were *** and low-density clouds were observed more effectively by the cloud radar compared with the ceilometer and *** cases of rainfall or missing cloud radar data,the ceilometer and COMS data were proven effective in correcting or compensating the cloud radar *** corrected cloud data were used to classify cloud types,which revealed that low clouds occurred most frequently.

关键词： cloud radar ceilometer satellite retrieval cloud base height cloud top height cloud type

Comprehensive radar Observations of clouds and Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau and Preliminary Analysis of cloud Properties

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2015年第4期29卷 546-561页

作者：刘黎平郑佳锋阮征崔哲虎胡志群吴松华戴光耀吴亚昊 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Ocean University of China

Intensive field experiment is an important approach to obtain microphysical information about clouds and precipitation. From 1 July to 31 August 2014, the third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment was carried out and comprehensive measurements of water vapor, clouds, and precipitation were conducted at Naqu. The most advanced radars in China, such as Ka-band millimeter-wave cloud radar, Ku-band micro-rain radar, C-band continuous-wave radar and lidar, and microwave radiometer and disdrometer were deployed to observe high spatial-temporal vertical structures of clouds and precipitation. The C-band dual- linear polarization radar was coordinated with the China new generation weather radar to constitute a dual- Doppler radar system for the measurements of three-dimensional wind fields within convective precipitations and the structure and evolution of hydrometeors related to precipitation process. Based on the radar measurements in this experiment, the diurnal variations of several important cloud properties were analyzed, including cloud top and base, cloud depth, cloud cover, number of cloud layers, and their vertical structures during summertime over Naqu. The features of reflectivity, velocity, and depolarization ratio for different types of clouds observed by cloud radar are discussed. The results indicate that the cloud properties were successfully measured by using various radars in this field experiment. During the summertime over Naqu, most of the clouds were located above 6 km and below 4 km above ground level. Statistical analysis shows that total amounts of clouds, the top of high-level clouds, and cloud depth, all demonstrated a distinct diurnal variation. Few clouds formed at 1000 LST （local standard time）, whereas large amounts of clouds formed at 2000 LST. Newly formed cumulus and stratus clouds were often found at 3-km height, where there existed significant updrafts. Deep convection reached up to 16.5 km （21 km above the mean sea level）, an

关键词： the Tibetan Plateau cloud characteristics cloud radar

Airborne Measurements of the Impact of Ground-based Glaciogenic cloud Seeding on Orographic Precipitation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第4期30卷 1025-1038页

作者：缪群 Bart GEERTS Department of Applied Mathematics Ningbo University Department of Atmospheric Science University of Wyoming

Data from in situ probes and a vertically-pointing ram-wave Doppler radar aboard a research aircraft are used to study the cloud microphysical effect of glaciogenic seeding of cold-season orographic clouds. A previous study （Geerts et al., 2010） has shown that radar reflectivity tends to be higher during seeding periods in a shallow layer above the ground downwind of ground-based silver iodide （AgI） nuclei generators. This finding is based on seven flights, conducted over a mountain in Wyoming （the Unites States）, each with a no-seeding period followed by a seeding period. In order to assess this impact, geographically fixed flight tracks were flown over a target mountain, both upwind and downwind of the AgI generators. This paper examines data from the same flights for further evidence of the cloud seeding impact. Com- posite radar data show that the low-level reflectivity increase is best defined upwind of the mountain crest and downwind of the point where the cloud base intersects the terrain. The main argument that this increase can be attributed to AgI seeding is that it is confined to a shallow layer near the ground where the flow is turbulent. Yet during two flights when clouds were cumuliform and coherent updrafts to flight level were recorded by the radar, the seeding impact was evident in the flight-level updrafts （about 610 m above the mountain peak） as a significant increase in the ice crystal appears short-lived as it is not apparent just downwind of concentration in all size bins. The seeding effect the crest.

关键词： glaciogenic cloud seeding orographic snowfall cloud radar

A 35-GHz Polarimetric Doppler radar and Its Application for Observing clouds Associated with Typhoon Nuri

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第4期28卷 945-956页

作者：仲凌志刘黎平冯胜葛润生张哲 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement

Millimeter-wavelength radar has proved to be an effective instrument for cloud observation and research. In this study, 8-mm-wavelength cloud radar （MMCR） with Doppler and polarization capabilities was used to investigate cloud dynamics in China for the first time. Its design, system specifications, calibration, and application in measuring clouds associated with typhoon are discussed in this article. The cloud radar measurements of radar reflectivity （Z）, Doppler velocity （Vr）, velocity spectrum width （Sw） and the depolar-ization ratio （LDR） at vertical incidence were used to analyze the microphysical and dynamic processes of the cloud system and precipitation associated with Typhoon Nuri, which occurred in southern China in August 2008. The results show the reflectivity observed using MMCR to be consistent with the echo height and the melting-layer location data obtained by the nearby China S-band new-generation weather radar （SA）, but the Ka-band MMCR provided more detailed structural information about clouds and weak precipitation data than did the SA radar. The variation of radar reflectivity and LDR in vertical structure reveals the transformation of particle phase from ice to water. The vertical velocity and velocity spectrum width of MMCR observations indicate an updraft and strong turbulence in the stratiform cloud layer. MMCR provides a valuable new technology for meteorological research in China.

关键词： cloud radar cloud physics observation capability