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Development of a Reproducible Rating System for Sun Protective clothing That Incorporates Body Surface Coverage

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2015年第3期3卷 208-214页

作者： Simone L. Harrison Nathan Downs Skin Cancer Research Unit Division of Tropical Health & Medicine James Cook University Townsville Australia Faculty of Health Engineering & Sciences University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Australia

Sunlight is a known skin carcinogen. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in humans, and typically affects sun-exposed parts of the body. Sunny Australia and New Zealand have the highest incidence of skin cancer globally. clothing provides a protective barrier that reduces the amount of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the skin. Australia pioneered the development of a relative ranking of the sun-protective capabilities of clothing based on the transmission of UVR through fabric. Standardized Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) measurement procedures and associated labeling specifications are documented in the Australian and New Zealand Standard, AS/NZS 4399:1996. The standard was intended to enable consumers to make informed choices. Since its introduction, this standard has been adopted almost universally by the textile industry, and is still in use almost two decades on, with plans to revise it only commencing recently. However, AS/NZS 4399:1996 does not consider garment design, particularly in relation to body surface coverage. Although swim-shirts have grown in popularity in Australia since the late 1990s, particularly among children, clothing remains under-utilized as a form of sun-protection in contemporary society. Skin cancer prevention campaigns should emphasize the sun-protective benefits of clothing and collaboration with the fashion industry is urgently needed to improve the aesthetic appeal, comfort, durability and affordability of sun-protective clothing to increase its popularity in skin cancer prone populations. In light of recent evidence showing that high UPF clothing which covers more of the body surface reduces pigmented mole development in children (major risk factor for melanoma), the rating system for sun-protective clothing should incorporate body surface covered as well as the UPF of the fabric. We discuss progress towards developing a protocol for measuring the extent of coverage of sun-protective garments. Once fully evaluated and refined, the testing protocol developed fr

关键词： Skin Cancer Sun-Protection clothing Ultraviolet Radiation Child Health Standards UPF

Preliminary Risk Assessment Posed by Formaldehyde Residues in clothing to Vietnamese Consumers

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第4期2卷 379-386页

作者： Van Nam Thai Akihiro Tokai Osaka University Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental EngineeringOsakaJapan

The assessment of potential health risks posed by formaldehyde in clothing to consumers is of increasing concern worldwide. Because of this, it is necessary to develop an exposure model that can realistically mimic clothes wearing conditions. This study aims to preliminarily develop a health risk assessment model for formaldehyde in clothing, and then to assess the potential health risk posed by formaldehyde in textiles to adults and infants in Vietnam using the model. Finally, this study aims to examine the plausibility of the adopted permissible values for formaldehyde in cloth- ing in Vietnam. In the model, two exposure factors for dermal exposure and overall exposure routes, i.e. sweat type and perspiration area, were considered. The margins of exposure (MOE) were calculated to estimate the health risks from worst case and average exposures. The assessment shows that acute exposure via inhalation can pose health risks to Vietnamese consumers in both cases. In regards to chronic exposure, dermal exposure is about four (for infants) and seven (for adults) times higher than exposure via inhalation, but no risks were found for average exposure. If a MOE of 100 is defined as ‘safe’ used, dermal and total chronic exposure to worst case cause potential risks, whereas no health risks were found for exposure to average case. With the model, the adopted Vietnamese permissible values for formaldehyde in clothing were assessed as not posing a health risk to Vietnamese consumers, hence they are accepted.

关键词： Formaldehyde Health Risk Exposure Model clothing Vietnamese Consumers

Quantitative Study of clothing Expenditure of Families with Different Education Level in shanghai

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Journal of China Textile University(English Edition) 1998年第2期15卷 95-100页

作者：沈蕾张志明

300 families were investigated,which belong to theFamily Investigation Net of Government Policy-makingInvestigating System of Shanghai Statistical Bureau.Thedata were analysed with SPSSWIN6.0 software.The re-gression models showed that families with different edu-cation level have different clothing expenditure models,that is,different affecting factors of clothing consumingin the second quarter.High education families’clothingexpenditure is mainly affected by the family living spaceand husband’s income,while middle education familiesby wife’s occupation and low education farmilies by hus-band’s income.The descriptive statistics showed:fromApril to June,families with different education levelwere quite different on the following aspects:(1)theclothing expenditure of the whole family and its mem-bers;(2)the structure of clothing consuming;(3)thepurchasing price of clothing;(4)the selection of clothingpurchase places.

关键词： families’ education level clothing expenditure clothing consuming pattern the model of clothing expendi-ture.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF clothing MATERIALS

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 1989年第Z1期7卷 110-118页

作者：俞建勇赵书经 Department of Textile Technology

In this paper an apparatus for measuring heat transfer properties of clothing materials is re-ported.In comparison with the similar device based on constant temperature method and em-ploying a hot plate,the characteristics of this apparatus are as follows.(1)By using microcomputer as its testing control and data processing center,the testingfunction is strengthened,while much more information can be achieved.(2)By using numerical PID control technique supported with software,the informationabout the transient heat transfer properties of clothing materials can be obtained,while the costlowered.In this paper a brief evaluation of the apparatus is also reported.It shows that its accuracyand repeatability reaches the level of similar commercial device,so to some extent the apparatusis practical.

关键词： clothing heat transfer test apparatus microcomputer

Study of Adaptive clothing in Hong Kong: Demands, Analysis and Future Direction

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Advances in Aging Research 2020年第1期9卷 1-13页

作者： Jeffrey Yeung Patrick C. L. Hui Institute of Textiles and clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

Aging population is substantively increased over last decade and they have specific clothing needs especially for the elderly with disabilities. Their clothing needs to cover functional and aesthetic requirements in order to improve their quality of life. Adaptive clothing is specially designed for the elderly and the disabled. However, there is no public policy to support such the elderly with disabilities in their clothing needs. In this paper, we aim to study the adaptive clothing and its significance, the problems encountered by the elderly with disabilities in adaptive clothing, analysis of public policy in Hong Kong for the elderly with disabilities in adaptive clothing over last decade, and implications and future directions for adaptive clothing in Hong Kong. In our findings, the demand of adaptive clothing in Hong Kong was substantially increased over last decade and the predicted demand will be twice of current demand after 50 years. However, the Government policy in Hong Kong has not yet fully supported their clothing needs, and the non-profit clothing services centre is set up to provide tailoring services to meet their needs. As the capacity of the centre is very limited, it is necessary to expand its capacity through assistive technology and to encourage non-government organizations (NGOs) to establish more social enterprises with Government’s support. Such findings would be beneficial to the Government for strengthening such services for the elderly and the disabled as well as public awareness.

关键词： Adaptive clothing Elderly with Disabilities Public Policy

The Characteristics,Structure and Trend of the Chinese Urban and Rural Residents' clothing Consumption

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Asian Agricultural Research 2014年第10期6卷 34-38,47页

作者： Ying ZHANG Haifeng XIAO College of Economics and Management China Agricultural University

As one of the necessities of life,clothing is on the important position in the daily life of urban and rural residents. Firstly,the paper carries out the descriptive statistical analysis about clothing consumption expenditures of urban and rural residents; secondly,based on questionnaires of 543 urban and rural residents in 16 provinces,this paper analyses structure and trend of urban and rural residents' clothing consumption. The results show that per capita clothing consumption expenditure of urban and rural residents present growth on the whole,but the gap between the two is gradually expanding; clothing consumption expenditure have differences in different regions; the differences of different income levels are also obvious; urban and rural residents' clothing consumption structure tends to be more diversified,cotton goods and chemical fiber goods is the main variety of clothing consumption,including down feather,cotton and chemical fiber is the main variety of coat,and cotton,chemical fiber and wool is the main variety of suit and knitwear; cotton goods,down goods and woolen goods will be the fiber goods that urban and rural residents buy more in the future; clothing consumption demand will pursue for band,comfort and personality; female residents will still be the main force of clothing consumption. Finally,the paper puts forward some recommendations on the basis of analysis results.

关键词： Urban and rural residents clothing consumption Cha

Study on Aesthetics of Colour Matching between Skin and clothing

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Study on Aesthetics of Colour Matching between Skin and Clot...

Low-cost clothing outlasts expensive pieces

绿色纺织，健康生活——第三届纺织生物工程及信息学国际会...

作者： Xiao-Feng Jiang1 2 Jia-Ni Zhu1 2 Fang Qin1 3 Shan-Shan Wang1 2 Guo-Lian Liu1 2 1National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China 2College of Textile and clothing Engineering Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215021 China 3Art school Jingling institute of technology

The purpose of this paper was to study on aesthetics of the colour matching between skin and clothing. 10 hues with five kinds of brightness were selected as stimuli, which were used on the same style of clothing, finally, these clothing were wore by a model with three kinds of skin tones. The aesthetics of different colour combinations were evaluated respectively by 104 undergraduates of Soochow University. The results show: （1） Skin tone is the principal element which influences aesthetic effect, the light-tone skin along with any hue or brightness of garment got higher scores. On the contrary, the dark-tone skin got lower scores. （2） The influence of the brightness of garment colour on the aesthetics was not significant. （3） The aesthetics of colour matching was influenced by the hue of clothing. Skins matched with red, blue-green or blue-purple of clothing, the visual effect was better, while matched with green or red-purple of clothing, the visual effect was worse.

关键词： clothing skin tone match aesthetic harmonic

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新世纪智能 2019年第15期 28-30页

作者： Susan 不详

If you’ve been shelling out for designer clothing in the hopes that it will be more durable than cheaper options, you might want to reconsider it. A new study from The University of Leeds suggests that low-cost cloth... 详细信息

关键词： Low-cost clothing outlasts expensive pieces

Low-cost clothing outlasts expensive pieces

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新世纪智能 2019年第10期 30-32页

作者： Susan 不详

关键词： shelling out for designer clothing might actually pricier pieces