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Two closely neighboring hepatocellular carcinomas mimicking intrahepatic metastasis are confirmed as double primary tumors by the loss of heterozygosity analysis of microsatellites

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第16期126卷 3187-3189页

作者： ZHU Zhen ZHU Hong-fa GU Yi-jin CONG Wen-ming Department of Pathology Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalSecond Military Medical University Shanghai 200438 China Department of Pathology Mount Sinai School of Medicine OneGustave L. Levy Place New York NY 10029 USA

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is a common malignancy around the world.Among all HCCs,multifocal HCC accounts for 12%-19%.1 The origin of multifocal HCC can either be the intrahepatic metastasis of a single tumor clone,or independent primaries.2 It is crucial to distinguish intrahepatic metastatic tumor from multicentric HCC because this distinction has significant impact on tumor staging,treatment plan,and clinical outcome.Routine histological examination alone cannot determine the clonal origin of multifocal HCC and usually results in their arbitrary classification as satellite nodules.The only way to reliably determine clonality among multiple lesions is by molecular genetic analysis.We report a patient who underwent surgical resection for two neighboring hepatocellular carcinomas that were from independent primaries.These separate nodules mimicked a solitary primary with intrahepatic metastasis.Confirmation of separate clones was established by the loss of heterozygosity （LOH） of microsatellites.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma clonality microsatellite loss ofheterozygosity

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Clones or no clones：genetic structure of riparian Populus euphratica forests in Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 750-766页

作者： Katja KRAMP Thomas SCHMITT Petra LANG Michael JESCHKE Philipp SCHAFERI Dustin KULANEK ZHANG Ximing YU Ruide Frank M THOMAS Senckenberg German Entomological Institute Eberswalder StraBe 90 Muncheberg 15374 Germany Department of Zoology Faculty Natural Sciences I Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (SaMe) 06099 Germany Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences University of Trier Campus II BehringstraBe 21 Trier 54296 Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Sino-German Joint Research Center for the Management of Ecosystems and Environmental Changes in Arid Lands (MEECAL) Urumqi 830011 China

Many riparian（Tugai） forests growing along rivers in arid and hyper-arid regions of Central Asia are dominated by the Euphrates poplar（Populus euphratica）. Besides generative reproduction, which is only possible upon flooding events and at a distance to the groundwater of less than 2 m, this phreatophytic tree species also reproduces vegetatively by forming clones that can cover land surface areas of several hectares. Along a gradient of groundwater distances, we investigated whether the fraction of clones in P. euphratica stands（1） increases with increasing distance to the water table;（2） is higher if supplied with water via river cut-offs; and（3） approaches 100% at a short distance to the groundwater, but at high salt concentrations in the upper soil layers, which would prevent germination and establishment of seedlings. AFLP（Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism） analyses were conducted on leaf samples taken from mature P. euphratica trees growing at the fringes of the Taklimakan Desert in stands with different distances（2–12 m） to the groundwater at two plots at the middle and the lower reaches of the Tarim River and in a stand close to Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang, China. Genetic diversity was large among plots, but considerably smaller within plots. We found the highest genetic diversity（caused by regeneration from seeds） at plots that have a short distance to the groundwater or are supplied with additional water. There was no significant relationship between groundwater distance and clonal fraction. All investigated trees at the saline Ebinur Lake site belonged to one single clone. Our results demonstrate that the genetic pattern of this widespread species is not easily predictable even over small distances as it is a result of a complex interplay of stand history and dispersal of propagules（pollen, seeds, and vegetative diaspores） by wind and water. In conservation and restoration schemes, P. euphratica stands with a high genetic diversity and stands that grow at short distances to the water table and are regul

关键词： clonality floodplain forest ground water phreatophyte population genetics rejuvenation salinity

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Multilocus analysis of the Exophiala jeanselmei clade containing black yeasts involved in opportunistic disease in humans

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第2期65卷 3-16页

作者： Jingsi Zeng Peiying Feng A.H.G.Gerrits van den Ende Liyan Xi M.J.Harrak G.S.de Hoog Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 851673508 AD Utrechtthe Netherlands Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands Department of Dermatology and Venereology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong Science and Technology UniversityWuhanChina Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Peking University Health Science Center Research Center for Medical MycologyBeijingChina Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

To confirm species delimitations in the‘jeanselmeiclade’in the Chaetothyriales,four independent markers were analysed,and phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using different algorithms.Reproductive isolation within the complex and reproductive modes in the species involved were determined,in order to explore specific borderlines using Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition(GCPSR).Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS),partial Translation Elongation Factor 1-α(TEF1),β-Tubulin(BT2),and Actin(ACT1)genes were analysed for a set of 81 strains.Phylogenetic reconstruction was performed using neighbour-joining(NJ),maximum parsimony(MP),maximum likelihood(ML)and Bayesian analysis(BA)to evaluate the concordance of topologies obtained under different optimization criteria.Incongruence among lineages was detected by Partition Homogeneity Test(PHT).Most Exophiala species analysed in this study seemed to be preponderantly clonal.A group of species around Exophiala spinifera showed a tendency toward human pathogenicity,whereas species around E.bergeri were often associated with environments rich in hydrocarbons.Though the tree topologies were not completely identical when different algorithms were used,the four gene lineages were nearly congruent and the trees of the combined multilocus data set did not provide more phylogenetic information than those of separate data sets.ITS data are sufficient for identification of species in the‘jeanselmei-clade’.

关键词： Black yeasts clonality Exophiala ITS diagnostics Phylogeny

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Invasive non-native plants in China:Role of clonality and geographical origin

Invasive non-native plants in China:Role of clonality and ge...

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北京生物入侵国际研讨会

作者： Dong,Ming~1,Jian Liu~1,and ShiLi Miao~2 1 Key Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093,China 2 Everglades Division,South Florida Water Management District,3301 Gun Club Road,West Palm Beach,FL 33406,USA.

＜正＞Biological invasions have become a significant threat to the global environment,since non-native plants have dramatically altered landscapes,substantially reduced biodiversity,and negatively impacted regional economies.Unfortunately,to date there is no consensus on invasion mechanisms and predictive models.Controversies range from whether we can reliably predict which species

关键词： clonality geographic origin invasive non-native plants

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Genetic Diversity of the Pepper Pathogen <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>on Farms in the Amazonian High Jungle of Peru

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 461-466页

作者： Jon Hulvey Oscar Hurtado-Gonzalez Liliana Aragón-Caballero Daniel Gobena Dylan Storey Ledare Finley Kurt Lamour 不详

Phytophthora capsici is an important oomycete pathogen of Capsicum peppers worldwide. Populations of P. capsici recovered from coastal regions in Peru were previously shown to be dominated by a single clonal lineage referred to as PcPE-1. During 2008, 219 isolates of P. capsici were collected from Capsicum pubescens (Rocoto), C. annum (Pimento), and C. baccatum (Aji) at 9 farms in the Amazonian high jungle in the areas surrounding Oxapampa, and one coastal location, Carabayllo. Two isolates of P. capsici were also recovered from Cyclanthera pedata (Caigua fruit) near one field. All isolates were characterized using a panel of eight single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that are fixed for heterozygosity in the PcPE-1 lineage. A subset of isolates was also characterized using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Nine discreet SNP multi-locus genotypes were identified, and the PcPE-1 lineage was recovered from all of the field sites. Both A1 and A2 mating types were recovered from two sites. The implications of the genotypic diversity and distribution identified in this study are discussed.

关键词： Population Genetics DNA Markers clonality Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction

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