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Effects of salinity and clonal integration on the amphibious plant Paspalum paspaloides:growth,photosynthesis and tissue ion regulation

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 45-55页

作者： Ya-Ping Xing Guan-Wen Wei Fang-Li Luo Chao-Yang Li Bi-Cheng Dong Jie-Shan Ji Fei-Hai Yu School of Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004HunanChina Hydrographic Bureau of Jining Jining 272019ShandongChina Taizhou University Taizhou 318000ZhejiangChina

Aims clonal integration can increase performance of clonal plants suffer-ing from environmental stress,and clonal plants in many wetlands commonly face stress of flooding accompanied by salinity.However,few studies have tested roles of clonal integration in amphibious plants expanding from terrestrial to aquatic saline habitats.Methods Basal(older)ramets of clonal fragments of Paspalum paspaloides were grown in soil to simulate terrestrial habitats,whereas their apical(younger)ramets were placed at the surface of saline water containing 0,50,150 and 250 mmol l^(−1)NaCl to mimic different salinity levels in aquatic habitats.Stolons connecting the apical and basal ramets were either intact(connected)to allow clonal integra-tion or severed(disconnected)to prevent integration.Important Findings Increasing salinity level significantly decreased the growth of the apical ramets of P.paspaloides,and such effects on the leaf growth were much higher without than with stolon connection after 60-day treatment.Meanwhile,leaf and total mass ratios of the connected to the disconnected apical ramets were higher at high than at low saline treatments.Correspondingly,Fv/Fm and F/Fm′of the apical ramets were higher with than without stolon connection in highly saline treatments.The results suggest that clonal integration can benefit the spread of apical ramets from terrestrial soil into saline water,and that the positive effects increase with increasing salinity.However,clonal integration did not significantly affect the growth of the whole frag-ments.Due to clonal integration,Na^(+)could be translocated from the apical to the basal ramets to alleviate ion toxicity in apical ramets.Our results suggest that clonal integration benefits the expansion of P.paspaloides from terrestrial to aquatic saline habitats via maintained photosynthetic capacities and changed biomass allocation pattern.

关键词： amphibious clonal plant clonal integration Na^(+) salt stress wetland restoration

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Effects of physiological integration on defense strategies against herbivory by the clonal plant Alternanthera philoxeroides

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 662-672页

作者： Rubén Portela Bi-Cheng Dong Fei-Hai Yu Rodolfo Barreiro Sergio R.Roiloa BioCost Group Biology DepartmentUniversidade da CoruñaA Coruña 15071Spain School of Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Wetland Ecology&Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China

Aims The plant-herbivore interaction is one of the most fundamental inter-actions in nature.Plants are sessile organisms,and consequently rely on particular strategies to avoid or reduce the negative impact of herbivory.Here,we aimed to determine the defense strategies against insect herbivores in the creeping invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides.Methods We tested the defense response of A.philoxeroides to herbivory by a leaf-feeding specialist insect Agasicles hygrophila and a pol-yphagous sap-feeding insect Planococcus minor.We also tested the mechanisms triggering defense responses of A.philoxeroides by including treatments of artificial leaf removal and jasmonic acid application.Furthermore,we examined the effect of physiological integration on these defense strategies.Important Findings The combination of artificial leaf removal and jasmonic acid appli-cation produced a similar effect to that of leaf-feeding by the real herbivore.Physiological integration influenced the defense strat-egies of A.philoxeroides against herbivores,and increased biomass allocation to aboveground parts in its apical ramets damaged by real herbivores.Our study highlights the importance of physio-logical integration and modular plasticity for understanding the consequences of herbivory in clonal plants.

关键词： Agasicles hygrophila alligator weed clonal integration herbivory Planococcus minor

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Role of clonal integration among Different Environmental Conditions (A Review)

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Natural Science 2016年第11期8卷 475-486页

作者： Wajahat Husain Jaafry Dezhi Li Syeda Amber Fatima Muhammad Hassan School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China

Most of the ecosystems are dominated by clonal species. The most unique feature of clonal plants is their capability for clonal integration (translocation of vital resources among connected ramets), implying that integration may play an essential role in their success. However, a general effect of clonal integration on plant performance is lacking. We conducted a text review on the effects of clonal integration on different habitats and species. Overall, clonal integration increased performance of clonal plants in different habitats. However clonal integration has also some limitations under stressful environments. Benefits of clonal integration may lack somehow when environmental stress increases. But connected ramets placed in unfavorable patches benefited more from integration compared to severed ramet placed in nutrient rich patches. Climate change and temperature increase have positive effects on biomass of clonal species.

关键词： clonal integration Habitats clonal Plants

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clonal integration increases performance of ramets of the fern Diplopterygium glaucum in an evergreen forest in southeastern China

Clonal integration increases performance of ramets of the fe...

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第三届全国植物生态学前沿论坛第三届全国克隆植物生态学研...

作者： Peter Alpert Biology Department University of Massachusetts

Physiological integration is a major ecological advantage of clonal growth in angiosperms.clonal growth is also common in pteridophytes,but almost no study has tested whether clonal integration increases performance in ramets ofpteridophytes in natural populations. To test this hypothesis and also whether the positive effect of integration is greater on smaller ramets,we severed the connecting rhizomes of individual ramets of the common,understory fern Diplopterygium glaucum in an evergreen,broadleaf forest in southeastern China.In another experiment,we severed rhizomes around the edges of small plots each containing several ramets. After 19.5 weeks,survival was 100%in intact individual ramets but only 27%in severed ones. Among surviving ramets,final dry mass and lamina mass were also less in severed than in intact ramets,though stalk,rhizome,and root mass and maximum quantum yield of PSII(F/F) were not.Individual ramets with fewer stalk nodes had lower dry mass but were not more affected by severing than ramets with more stalk nodes.Severance around the edge of plots did not significantly affect the combined final mass of the ramets within a plot.We conclude that clonal integration can have significant positive effects on both survival and growth of individual ramets of ferns in natural populations.Further work may eventually show that resource sharing is as widespread in rhizomatous species of pteridophytes as it appears to be in rhizomatous angiosperms.

关键词： clonal integration photosynthesis pteridophyte resource sharing rhizome severing subtropical forest survivorship

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Resource-sharing strategies in ecotypes of the invasive clonal plant Carpobrotus edulis: specialization for abundance or scarcity of resources

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 681-691页

作者： Josefina G.Campoy Rubén Retuerto Sergio R.Roiloa Departamento de Biología Celular y Ecología Área de EcologíaFacultad de BiologíaCampus VidaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Grupo BioCost Departamento de Biología AnimalBiología Vegetal y EcologíaÁrea de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidade da Coruña15071 A CoruñaSpain

Aims Carpobrotus edulis(L.)N.E.Br.is known to invade many coastal ecosystems around the world,and it has been considered as one of the most severe threats to numerous terrestrial plant communi-ties.Therefore,the study of the relationships between life-history traits that may favour its invasiveness and the invasibility of the environments is necessary to improve our knowledge about inva-sion success.In this research,we specifically tested the effects of physiological integration in genotypes from contrasting habitats,where the importance of integration is expected to differ.Thus,the main objective of this work was to detect the presence of adaptive plasticity in the capacity for clonal integration in this aggressive invader.Methods In a greenhouse experiment,we compared the performance,in terms of growth and photochemical efficiency,of two C.edulis ecotypes.Connected and severed ramet pairs from coastal sand dunes and rocky coast habitats were grown in substrates of different quality and heterogeneity.Important Findings Our study clearly indicates that clonal integration improves growth and photosynthetic efficiency in the aggressive invader C.edulis.Two differ-ent aspects of clonal integration determine site-specific strategies in this species in order to optimize its successful propagation in a particular habitat.We demonstrated that the adaptation of C.edulis to local envi-ronments has led to a differential selection of two complex clonal traits associated with the capacity for clonal integration.In patchy sand dunes,C.edulis has evolved ecotypes with ramets highly plastic in patterns of biomass allocation,which allows ramets to specialize in the acquisi-tion of the resource that is locally most abundant,i.e.,a spatial division of labour among ramets.However,in the harsher rocky coast habitats,local adaptation produced highly integrated ecotypes,where resource sharing is not combined with a specialization of resource acquisition.

关键词： adaptive plasticity biomass allocation Carpobrotus edulis chlorophyll fluorescence clonal integration

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Responses of Hedysarum Laeve,a guerrilla clonal semi-shrub in the Mu Us Sandland,to local sand burial

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Frontiers in Biology 2007年第4期2卷 431-436页

作者： LIU Fenghong YE Xuehua YU Feihai DONG Ming Key Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

In arid and semi-arid inland deserts,one of the environmental stresses for plants is recurrent sand burial,which can influence the physical and biotic microenviron-ments of the plants and soil.Previous studies have shown that different levels of sand burial have different effects on plants.Slight sand burial could increase the height increment,leaf biomass and the number of new ramets of the plants while heavy sand burial could impair the growth of the plants and even decrease their chances of survival.In other words,below a certain threshold level of burial,the growth of plants is stimulated probably because of multiple factors.However,as the level of burial increases,the positive response starts to decline until it becomes a negative value.Arid and semi-arid inland deserts are frequently colonized and stabilized by many rhizomatous clonal plants.clonal physiological integration often helps clonal plants buffer local environmen-tal stress encountered by ramets.A rhizomatous clonal semi-shrub,Hedysarum laeve(H.laeve),is the dominant plant species and important for vegetation restoration in the Mu Us sandland.To investigate whether clonal integration can increase the threshold of sand burial and help rhizomatous H.laeve tolerate heavy sand burial,we conducted a field experiment.The results showed that slight sand burial could accelerate ramet growth and enhance leaf biomass,stem bio-mass and shoot biomass,while heavy sand burial reducesed the biomass of the plant and impairs survival and growth of the ramets.clonal integration increased the threshold of sand burial.Under heavy sand burial,ramets connected to other ramets not buried in sand were more in terms of height increment,stem biomass,leaf biomass and shoot biomass compared to the ramets encountering sand burial but disconnected from other ramets.It suggested that clonal physiological integration could help H.laeve ramets tolerate relatively heavy sand burial.We also discussed that clonal integration plays a role in H.laeve presence in the Mu Us sandland.

关键词： clonal integration Hedysarum laeve Mu Su sandland Sand burial

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结缕草氮素生理整合格局及其对克隆生态行为的寓意(英文)

结缕草氮素生理整合格局及其对克隆生态行为的寓意(英文)

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第三届全国植物生态学前沿论坛第三届全国克隆植物生态学研...

作者： Li Dezhi Department of Environmental Science,East China Normal University,3663,Zhongshan Rd(N). Shanghai,China 200062.

Nitrogen integration patterns in Zoysia japonica clones were tested through an isotopic experiment.15NO3-and 15NH4+ showed acropetal and basipetal translocation patterns in the primary stolons respectively,and more 15N was translocated acropetally,and less basipetally.δ15N of A-tillers or A-branches were usually higher than those of B-tillers or B-branches,and those in stolons were at middle levels and relatively stable.δ15N of roots usually showed higher values at the feeding ramets,then decreased quickly.In case of 15NH4+,the gradients of the basipetal and acropetal translocation patterns of 15N in ramets along the primary stolons were greater than the case of 15NO3-.When feeding the middle ramets with same concentration of 15NO3-and 15NH4+ respectively,δ15N values of the feeding ramets in the case of 15NH4+,was also greater than in the case of 15NO3-.In any cases,the gradients of the distribution patterns ofδ15N values of A-tillers along the primary stolons were greater than those of B-tillers.The range of 15NO3-and 15NH4+ translocation in both basipetal and acropetal directions along the stolons respectively,was 33 to 3 9 multiple-nodes.Acropetal translocation of 15N tended to be farther than basipetal,and those of 15NO3-tended to be farther than those of 15NH4+,especially in the acropetal direction.Acropetal translocation patterns of 15N in the secondary stolons were detected after 15NO3-and 15NH4+ being fed from the root systems of the middle ramets of the primary stolons,respectively.The acropetal translocation patterns of 15NH4+ and 15NO3-in the secondary stolons were basically similar in form to,but different in quantity from that in the primary stolons,the former was less than latter.In secondary stolons,in the case of 15NH4+,δ15N of different organs were greater than those 15NO3-,and those in secondary A-stolon were greater than those in secondary B-stolon in both cases of 15NO3-and 15NH4+.δ15N of ramers on the secondary A or B-stolons directly connected with the 15N feeding ramets,were usually greater

关键词： Nitrogen clonal integration Zoysia japonica isotope

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