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Effect of physiological integration in self/non-self genotype recognition on the clonal invader Carpobrotus edulis

Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第4期7卷 413-418页

作者： Sergio R.Roiloa Susana Rodríguez-Echeverría Helena Freitas Department of Life Sciences Centre for Functional EcologyUniversity of CoimbraCalçada Martim de Freitas3001-455 CoimbraPortugal

Aims biological invasions represent one of the most important threats to the conservation of biodiversity;however,the mechanisms underlying successful invaders remain *** of the most aggres-sive invaders show clonal growth,and capacity for clonal integration has been pointed out recently as an important trait explaining the success of invasive *** aim to determine the role of physi-ological integration in the capacity for self/non-self genotype recog-nition in the clonal invader Carpobrotus edulis and the implications of this capacity for the expansion of this aggressive *** We used connected and severed ramets of identical or different gen-otype and we determined the capacity for self/non-self recognition by comparing changes in biomass partitioning to avoid competition for resources between pairs of *** Findings Physiological integration allowed self/non-self genotype recogni-tion in the invader *** showed a significant effect of physiological integration on the biomass allocated to roots by genetically identical ramets:older ramets specialize in acqui-sition of soil-based resources and younger ramets specialize in lateral *** specialization could be considered a form of division of labour,which reduce intra-genotype *** is the first evidence that division of labour could be inter-preted as a form of self/non-self recognition between genetically identical *** for self/non-self discrimination could contribute to increase the colonization capacity of the aggressive invader *** is the first study showing an association between self/non-self recognition and invasiveness in a clonal plant.

关键词： biomass allocation clonal growth plant invasions root recognition

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Differences in physiological integration between invasive and noninvasive introduced clonal species of Carpobrotus

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第6期12卷 972-981页

作者： Sergio R.Roiloa Peter Alpert Rodolfo Barreiro BioCost Group Biology DepartmentUniversidade da CoruñaA CoruñaSpain Biology Department University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Aims clonal growth is associated with invasiveness in introduced plant species,but few studies have compared invasive and noninvasive introduced clonal species to investigate which clonal traits may underlie *** test the hypothesis that greater capacity to increase clonal growth via physiological integration of connected ramets increases invasiveness in clonal plants,we compared the effects of severing connections on accumulation of mass in the two species of the creeping,succulent,perennial,herbaceous genus Carpobrotus that have been introduced on sand dunes along the Pacific Coast of northern California,the highly invasive species Carpobrotus edulis and the co-occurring,noninvasive species Carpobrotus *** Pairs of ramets from four mixed populations of the species from California were grown in a common garden for 3 months with and without severing the stem connecting the *** simulate the effect of clones on soils in natural populations,the older ramet was grown in sand amended with potting compost and the younger in sand *** Findings Severance decreased net growth in mass by~60%in *** and~100%in ***,due mainly to the negative effect of severance on the shoot mass of the younger ramet within a *** to the hypothesis,this suggests that physiological integration increases growth more in the less invasive ***,severance also decreased allocation of mass to roots in the older ramet and increased it in the younger ramet in a pair,and the effect on the younger ramet was about twice as great in *** as in *** indicates that the more invasive species shows greater phenotypic plasticity in response to physiological integration,in particular greater capacity for division of *** could contribute to greater long-term growth and suggests that the division of labor may be a trait that underlies the association between clonal growth and invasiveness in plants.

关键词： biomass allocation Carpobrotus clonal growth physiological integration plant invasions

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Trans-generational effects in the clonal invader Alternanthera philoxeroides

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第1期13卷 122-129页

作者： Rubén Portela Bi-Cheng Dong Fei-Hai Yu Rodolfo Barreiro Sergio R.Roiloa Dalva MSilva Matos BioCost Group Biology DepartmentUniversidade da CoruñaA Coruña 15071Spain Lab.Ecologia e Conservação Departamento de HidrobiologiaUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSão Carlos 13565-905Brazil School of Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Wetland Ecology and Clone Ecology Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China

Aims Recent studies have revealed heritable phenotypic plasticity through vegetative *** this sense,changes in gene regulation induced by the environment,such as DNA methylation(*** changes),can result in reversible plastic responses being transferred to the offspring *** trans-generational plasticity is expected to be especially relevant in clonal plants,since reduction of sexual reproduction can decrease the potential for adaptation through genetic *** of the most aggressive plant invaders are clonal,and clonality has been suggested as key to explain plant *** we aim to determine whether trans-generational effects occur in the clonal invader Alternanthera philoxeroides,and whether such effects differ between populations from native and non-native *** In a common garden experiment,parent plants of *** from populations collected in Brazil(native range)and Iberian Peninsula(non-native range)were grown in high and low soil nutrient conditions,and offspring plants were transplanted to control conditions with high *** test the potential role of DNA methylation on trans-generational plasticity,half of the parent plants were treated with the demethylating agent,*** Findings Trans-generational effects were observed both in populations from the native and the non-native ***,trans-generational effects occurred on growth variables(number of ramets,stem mass,root mass and total mass)in the population from the native range,but on biomass partitioning in the population from the non-native ***-generational effects of the population from the native range may be explained by a‘silver-spoon’effect,whereas those of the population from the non-native range could be explained by epigenetic transmission due to DNA *** study highlights the importance of trans-generational effects on the growth of a clonal plant,which could help to understand

关键词： 5-azacytidine alligator weed clonal growth DNA methylation epigenetic variation plant invasions

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Asexual and sexual reproductive strategies in clonal plants

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Frontiers in Biology 2007年第3期2卷 256-262页

作者： ZHANG Yufen ZHANG Dayong Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering and Institute of Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Most plants can reproduce both sexually and asexually(or vegetatively),and the balance between the two reproductive modes may vary widely between and within *** clonal growth may affect the evolution of life history traits in many ***,in some clonal species,sexual reproduction and sex ratio vary largely among *** in sexual reproduction may strongly affect plant’s adaptation to local environments and the evolution of the geographic ***,clonal growth can increase floral display,and thus pollinator attraction,while it may impose serious constraints and evolutionary challenges on plants through geitonogamy that may strongly influence pollen *** pollination can bring a cost to plant fitness through both female and male *** co-evolutionary interactions,therefore,may exist between the spatial structure and the mating behavior of clonal ***,a trade-off may exist between sexual reproduction and clonal *** allocation to the two reproduc-tive modes may depend on environmental conditions,com-petitive dominance,life span,and genetic *** different reproductive modes represent adaptive strategies for plants in different environments,we expect that most of the resources should be allocated to sexual reproduction in habitats with fluctuating environmental conditions and strong competition,while clonal growth should be dominant in stable *** we know little about the consequence of natural selection on the two reproductive modes and factors which control the balance of the two reproductive *** studies should investigate the reproductive strategies of clonal plants simultaneously from both sexual and asexual perspectives.

关键词： clonal growth variation of sexual reproduction clonal architecture mating system trade-off

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Reproductive biology in an invasive plant Solidago canadensis

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Frontiers in Biology 2007年第2期2卷 196-204页

作者： HUANG Hua GUO Shuiliang CHEN Guoqi College of Chemistry and Life Science Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China College of Life and Environmental Science Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Solidago canadensis,a perennial Compositae plant originating from North America,was introduced into China as a horticultural plant in *** natural condi-tions,*** allocates large amounts of energy to sexual reproduction and produces many seeds,which reflects an r-strategy with high seed number and small seed *** addition,naturalized populations have a great capacity to grow clonally with underground *** has become an invasive weed in eastern China,and has caused serious damages to agricultural production and ecosystems in several provinces in *** order to understand the reproductive characteristics of *** and effectively control its spread,we examined soil conditions,seed charac-teristics,seed germination and the capacity for asexual reproduction in different plant *** investigated the population dispersion of *** in fixed sites for three years,and analyzed the seasonal dynamics of the morphological parameters of the underground parts and the caloric values of different organs of *** also compared differences in the root systems of *** and composite exotic *** following results were obtained:1)Under natural conditions,the germination season of *** lasts from March to October,with a peak from April to *** growth and asexual reproduction are especially vigorous during summer due to high temperatures and soil drought *** the other hand,the rainy season proves suitable for seed *** *** flower between September and January,and fruit in late October.A mature plant can produce about 20000 *** mean weight of 1000 seeds ranges from 0.045 g to 0.050 g,and the mean seed moisture content ranges from 60%to 80%.The light-winged seeds disperse readily by air,water,vehicles,human activity or through livestock.2)*** seeds have a wide tolerance for different values of pH,salinity and soil *** mean percent germination of seeds

关键词： exotic invasive plants Solidago canadensis reproductive strategy seed germination clonal growth caloric values

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Effects of resource sharing directionality on physiologically integrated clones of the invasive Carpobrotus edulis

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第5期14卷 884-895页

作者： Rubén Portela Rodolfo Barreiro Sergio R Roiloa BioCost Group Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversidadc da Coruna15071 A CorunaSpain

Aims One of the key traits associated with clonal growth in plants is the capacity for physiological integration,which allows resource sharing between connected ramets within a clonal *** transport is expected to occur following a source–sink relationship:from ramets established in rich patches to ramets growing in poor ***,some experiments have shown that acropetal transport(from basal to apical modules)usually exceeds basipetal transport(from apical to basal ramets).In this study,we aimed to determine the resource transport directionality in physiologically integrated modules of the invader Carpobrotus *** We conducted two manipulative experiments under common garden conditions that studied the effect of different nutrient levels located at different positions(basal,medial and apical)on connected and disconnected clonal systems of *** compared the biomass partitioning patterns and final biomass of ramets to elucidate whether the effect of physiological integration is affected by the directionality of the resource *** Findings Results indicate a prevalent acropetal transport of resources in ***,with a developmentally programmed division of labor where basal ramets were specialized in obtaining soil-based resources and apical ramets specialized in aboveground *** biomass partitioning pattern was not affected by the nutrient conditions in which basal or apical ramets were growing,although the highest benefit was achieved by apical ramets growing under the most stressed *** developmentally programmed division of labor is expected to increase the lateral growth of ***,and therefore could have meaningful implications for the expansion of this invasive species.

关键词： biomass partitioning Carpobrotus clonal growth division of labor physiological integration

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