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clogging caused by coupled grain migration and compaction effect during groundwater recharge for unconsolidated sandstone reservoir in groundwater-source heat pump

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 2947-2959页

作者： Fujian Yang Jing Luo Guiling Wang Hejuan Liu Dawei Hu Hui Zhou State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Sinopec Star Hubei New Energy Development Co. Ltd.Wuhan430010China Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang050061China

In unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs,presence of numerous movable grains and a complex grain size composition necessitates a clear understanding of the physical clogging process for effective groundwater recharge in groundwater-source heat pump *** investigate this,a series of seepage experiments was conducted under in situ stress conditions using unconsolidated sandstone samples with varying grain *** clogging phenomenon arises from the combined effects of grain migration and compaction,wherein the migration of both original and secondary crushed fine-grain particles blocks the seepage ***,grain composition influences the migration and transport properties of the *** samples composed of smaller grains,the apparent permeability demonstrates a transition from stability to *** contrast,samples with larger grains experience a skip at the stability stage and directly enter the decrease stage,with a minor exception of a slight increase ***,a unique failure mode characterized by diameter shrinkage in the upper part of the sample is observed due to the combined effects of grain migration and in situ stress-induced *** testing results contribute to a better understanding of the clogging mechanism caused by the coupled effects of grain migration and compaction during groundwater recharge in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs used in groundwater-source heat pump systems.

关键词： Groundwater-source heat pump clogging Grain migration Compaction effect Groundwater recharge Unconsolidated sandstone

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clogging of slurry-shield tunnel-boring machine drives in sedimentary soft rock:A case study

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 1502-1516页

作者： Chengyong CAO Xiangsheng CHEN Chenghua SHI Yanbin FU Chenjie GONG Zuxian WANG College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures of Ministry of Education Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China

This paper presents a case study of the clogging of a slurry-shield tunnel-boring machine(TBM)experienced during tunnel operations in clay-rich argillaceous siltstones under the Ganjiang River,*** clogging experienced during tunneling was due to special geological conditions,which had a considerably negative impact on the slurry-shield TBM tunneling *** this case study,the effect of clogging on the slurry-shield TBM tunneling performance(e.g.,advance speed,thrust,torque,and penetration per revolution)was fully *** potential for clogging during tunnel operations in argillaceous siltstone was estimated using an existing empirical classification *** improvement measures have been proposed to mitigate the clogging potential of two slurry-shield TBMs during tunneling,such as the use of an optimum cutting wheel,a replacement cutting tool,improvements to the circulation flushing system and slurry properties,mixed support integrating slurry,and compressed air to support the excavation *** mechanisms and potential causes of clogging are explained in detail,and the contributions of these mitigation measures to tunneling performance are *** investigating the actual operational parameters of the slurry-shield TBMs,these mitigation measures were proven to be effective in mitigating the clogging potential of slurry-shield *** case study provides valuable information for slurry-shield TBMs involving tunneling in clay-rich sedimentary rocks.

关键词： slurry-shield TBM geological investigation clogging argillaceous siltstone TBM performance mitigation measures

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Three-dimensional clogging structures of granular spheres near hopper orifice

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第1期31卷 388-394页

作者：杨敬宫殿锦丰汪晓雪王志超李建奇胡炳文夏成杰 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

The characteristic clogging structures of granular spheres blocking three-dimensional granular flow through hopper outlet are analyzed based on packing structures reconstructed using magnetic resonance imaging *** in clogging structures are arranged in a way with typical features of load-bearing,such as more contacting bonds close to the horizontal plane and more mutually-stabilized contact configurations than packing structures away from the *** requirement of load-bearing inevitably leads to the cooperativity of clogging structures with a correlation length of several particle *** correlation length being comparable with the orifice diameter suggests that a clogging structure is composed of several mutually-stabilized structural motifs to span the orifice perimeter,instead of a collection of independent individual spheres to cover the whole orifice ***,we propose a simple geometric model to explain the unexpected linear dependence of the average size of three-dimensional clogging structures on orifice diameter.

关键词： granular materials clogging magnetic resonance imaging

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Analysis on clogging of submerged entry nozzle in continuous casting of high strength steel with rare earth

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第1期29卷 34-43页

作者： Wei Liang Jing Li Bin Lu Jian-guo Zhi Shuai Zhang Yang Liu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co. Ltd.Baotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina

The type of inclusions in tundish steel and the formation mechanism of the submerged entry nozzle(SEN)clogging in the continuous casting of the rare earth(RE)high strength steel without calcium treatment were studied based on the plant trials and thermodynamic *** was found that Ce_(2)O_(3) and CeAlO_(3) in tundish molten steel were transformed into Ce_(2)O_(2)S+CaO-Al_(2)O_(3) with the size of 2-3 lm during *** the flow velocity of molten steel on surface of the SEN was slow due to the boundary layer effect,Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusion in molten steel reacted with Al_(2)O_(3) in the SEN refractory to form *** the continuous erosion of molten steel and reaction,the compositions of CeAlO_(3),Al_(2)O_(3) and CaO were aggregated,and the clogging layers with different zones were formed on surface of the ***,a small amount of molten steel remaining in the arc zone and corner zone of the SEN formed solidified *** calcium treatment is canceled,the reaction probability between inclusions in molten steel and refractory should be reduced by improving the material and shape of the SEN.

关键词： Rare earth inclusion Tundish Submerged entry nozzle clogging Thermodynamic calculation

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Scaling and clogging treatment of aging tunnel drainage pipes in karst areas using eco-friendly acid agent

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第4期15卷 896-910页

作者： Zhipeng Xu Xuemei Wang Chunfang Zhang Dejian Zeng Changwu Liu College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Chemistry Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Chemistry and Environment Science Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.Ltd. Chengdu610031China

In karst areas,the drainage pipes of aging tunnels are prone to be clogged by precipitated carbonates,resulting in lining cracking and tunnel *** a result,not only the driving safety will be deteriorated,but also the water pressure on the lining might also be elevated *** the structural stability and service lifespan of old tunnels,it is of great importance to remove these precipitated carbonates in *** treatment methods are often destructive to some extent or not efficient *** study aims to experimentally develop an eco-friendly acid-based chemical cleaning method to remove carbonate precipitations *** proposed chemical cleaning agent is an aqueous solution with strong acidity,consisting of sulfamic acid,water,and *** factors affecting the cleaning efficiency include the acid solubility,temperature and flow rate of the cleaning agent,as well as *** the solution temperature to 50C or a flow rate of no less than 0.2 m/s can improve cleaning *** the salt effect cannot work,1 wt%of polymaleic acid as a surfactant could further promote the cleaning *** cleaning efficiency will increase with the flow rate in a power *** relatively low flow rate that improves the cleaning rate considerably can avoid highpressure-induced mechanical damage to tunnel *** waste could be easily treated to acceptable levels using commercial sewage treatment products and can also be recycled in *** the chemical cleaning,the water pressure at the arch springing of the lining will reduce with the increased radius of transverse drainpipes in a power *** proposed acid-based cleaning method,which is highly efficient,non-or low-destructive to aging tunnels,sufficiently safe for humans,and friendly enough to the environment,will offer a promising alternative to remove the precipitated carbonates in tunnel drainpipes efficiently.

关键词： clogging Scaling Carbonate precipitation Acid treatment Water pressure on the lining Aging tunnel Karst

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clogging processes caused by biofilm growth and organic particle accumulation in lab-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 750-757页

作者： ZHAO Lianfang ZHU Wei TONG Wei College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of Education of China Nanjing 210098 China

The accumulation of organic matter in substratum pores is regarded as an important factor causing clogging separately in the subsurface flow constructed *** this study,the developing process of clogging caused by biofilm growth or organic particle accumulation instead of total organic matter accumulation was investigated in two groups of lab-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands（VFCWs）,which were fed with glucose（dissolved organic matter） and starch（particulate organic matter） *** showed that the growth of biofilms within the substratum pores certainly caused remarkable reduction of effective porosity,especially for the strong organic wastewater,whereas its influence on infiltration rate was *** was implied that the most important contribution of biofilm growth to clogging was accelerating the occurrence of *** comparison with biofilm growth,particles accumulation within pores could rapidly reduce infiltration rate besides effective porosity and the clogging occurred in the upper 0-15 cm *** approximately equal amount of accumulated organic matter,the effective porosity of the clogged layer in starch-fed systems was far less than that of glucose-fed systems,which indicated that composition and accumulation mode in addition to the amount of the accumulated organic matter played an important role in causing clogging.

关键词： clogging constructed wetland organic matter particle accumulation biofilms

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Flow and clogging in a horizontal silo with a rotary obstacle

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第4期32卷 467-472页

作者：徐聪聪史庆藩刘伟郑宁 School of Physics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The external perturbation applied to a silo and the placement of an immobile obstacle before an exit are two common and effective ways to diminish clogging in the hopper/silo ***,we incorporate the local perturbation into a fixed obstacle,and experimentally explore the effects of a rotary obstacle on clogging and the flowing characteristics in the horizontal silo flow driven by a conveyor *** with a low spin rate,the total blocking probability that a particle constructs a stable blocking arch with its neighbors significantly ***,the average flow rate of the particles through the exit abruptly rises,at least 1 order of magnitude better than that with an immobile obstacle and approaching the flow rate of continuous *** rotation enhances the breakage of clogging arches,which is responsible for improving the flowability in the horizontal *** addition,there always exists an optimal obstacle position at which the total blocking probability is minimal and the average flow rate peaks,regardless of the spin ***,clogging is relieved with the increase of the driving velocity of the conveyor belt,showing a“fast is fast”effect that is opposite to the“fast is slow”effect in other systems such as crowd evacuation and gravity-driven hoppers.

关键词： granular flow clogging obstacle rotation

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Surface clogging process modeling of suspended solids during urban stormwater aquifer recharge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第8期24卷 1418-1424页

作者： Zijia Wang Xinqiang Du Yuesuo Yang Xueyan Ye Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China School of Earth Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffCFIO 3YEUK

Aquifer recharge, which uses urban stormwater, is an effective technique to control the negative effects of groundwater overexploitation, while clogging problems in infiltration systems remain the key restricting factor in broadening its practice. Quantitative understanding of the clogging process is still very poor. A laboratory study was conducted to understand surface physical clogging processes, with the primary aim of developing a model for predicting suspended solid clogging processes before aquifer recharge projects start. The experiments investigated the clogging characteristics of different suspended solid sizes in recharge water by using a series of one-dimensional fine quartz sand columns. The results showed that the smaller the suspended particles in recharge water, the farther the distance of movement and the larger the scope of clogging in porous media. clogging extents in fine sand were 1 cm, for suspended particle size ranging from 0.075 to 0.0385 mm, and 2 cm, for particles less than 0.0385 mm. In addition, clogging development occurred more rapidly for smaller suspended solid particles. It took 48, 42, and 36 hr respectively, for large-, medium-, and small-sized particles to reach pre-determined clogging standards. An empirical formula and iteration model for the surface clogging evolution process were derived. The verification results obtained from stormwater recharge into fine sand demonstrated that the model could reflect the real laws of the surface clogging process.

关键词： stormwater aquifer recharge suspended solids clogging

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Online forecasting model of tundish nozzle clogging

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2006年第1期13卷 21-24页

作者： Fangming Yuan Xinghua Wang Jiongming Zhang Li Zhang Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Baoshan Iron ＆ Steel Co. Ltd. Shanghai 201900 China

Abstract A nozzle clogging online forecasting model based on hydrodynamics engineering was developed, in which the actual flow rate was calculated from the mold width, thickness, and casting speed. There is a linear relationship between the theoretical flow rate and the slide gate opening ratio as the molten steel level, argon flow rate, and the top slag weight are kept constant, and the relationship can be obtained by regression of the data collected at the beginning of the first heat in each casting sequence when the nozzle clogging does not occur. Then, during the casting, the theoretical flow rate can be calculated at intervals of one second. Comparing the theoretical flow rate with the actual flow rate, the online nozzle clogging ratio can be obtained at intervals of one second. The computer model based on the conception of the nozzle clogging ratio can display the degree of the nozzle clogging intuitively.

关键词： continuous casting tundish nozzle clogging online forecasting model

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Influence of submerged entry nozzle clogging on the behavior of molten steel in continuously cast slab molds

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第4期12卷 303-307页

作者： Huixiang Yu Guosen Zhu Xinhua Wang Jiongming Zhang Wanjun Wang Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The influence of submerged entry nozzle clogging on the behavior of molten steel in continuously cast slab molds was studied using commercial code CFX4.3. The results indicate that clogging at the top part of the nozzle port not only increases the velocity of molten steel, but also enhances the wall shear stress, F number and heat flux. This clogging has the greatest effect on the behavior of molten steel. However, clogging at the top 1/3 of the nozzle only increases the velocity of molten steel and has little influence. clogging at the bottom of the nozzle almost has no influence.

关键词： clogging submerged entry nozzle mold continuously cast slab numerical simulation

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