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Water storage changes in the North China Plain from 2004 to 2019

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 2036-2046页

作者： CHEN MinLan XU YuYue PAN Hang WANG LuHan School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China National Earth System Science Data Center National Science and Technology Infrastructure of ChinaBeijing 100101China

In the past few decades,the irrational use of water resources has resulted in many issues such as land subsidence in the North China Plain(NCP),hindering its socio-economic development.An accurate understanding of water resource changes is important for the allocation of water resources in the NCP.In this study,we employed Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE) satellite data to monitor the total water storage(TWS) change in the NCP during 2004–2019.Evapotranspiration,precipitation,and runoff during 2004–2019 were sequentially examined,using the water balance formula(WBF),to retrieve TWS change.Furthermore,the soil moisture,snow water equivalent,and canopy water storage from the Global Land Data Assimilation System were used to calculate the natural component of the TWS variations.A comparison of these results revealed the drivers of the changes in water resources.The results showed that:(1) overall TWS retrieved by GRACE decreased substantially as a consequence of human activity,while TWS obtained by WBF fluctuated periodically around zero under the impact of three natural drivers;(2) TWS in the NCP fell at a remarkable rate of-12.39 mm/y from 2004 to 2019,and the natural part of TWS experienced two significant declines,during 2004–2010 and 2013–2016;(3) variations in runoff,precipitation,and evapotranspiration from 2004 to 2019 were not significant,but human activities contributed more to the decreasing TWS than natural factors.This study provides a reference for water resource management and groundwater exploitation across the NCP under climate change.

关键词： North China Plain water storage GRACE human activities climatic factor

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Maize grain yield and water use efficiency in relation to climatic factors and plant population in northern China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第12期20卷 3156-3169页

作者： LIU Yue-e HOU Peng HUANG Gui-rong ZHONG Xiu-li LI Hao-ru ZHAO Jiu-ran LI Shao-kun MEI Xu-rong Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding/Maize Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture&Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097P.R.China Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/lnstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China

Water scarcity has become a limiting factor for increasing crop production.Finding ways to improve water use efficiency(WUE)has become an urgent task for Chinese agriculture.To understand the response of different maize populations to changes in precipitation and the effects of changes in maize populations on WUE,this study conducted maize population experiments using maize hybrids with different plant types(compact and semi compact)and different planting densities at 25 locations across China.It was found that,as precipitation increased across different locations,maize grain yield first increased and then decreased,while WUE decreased significantly.Analyzing the relationship between WUE and the main climatic factors,this study found that WUE was significantly and negatively correlated with precipitation(R(daily mean precipitation)and R(accumulated precipitation))and was positively correlated with temperature(TM(daily mean maximum temperature),T_(M-m)(T_(m),daily mean minimum temperature)and GDD(growing degree days))and solar radiation(Ra(daily mean solar radiation)and Ra(accumulated solar radiation))over different growth periods.Significant differences in maize grain yield,WUE and precipitation were found at different planting densities.The population densities were ranked as follows according to maize grain yield and WUE based on the multi-site experiment data:60000 plants ha^(-1)(P_(2))>90000 plants ha^(-1)(P_(3))>30000 plants ha^(-1)(P_(1)).Further analysis showed that,as maize population increased,water consumption increased significantly while soil evaporation decreased significantly.Significant differences were found between the WUE of ZD958(compact type)and that of LD981(semi-compact type),as well as among the WUE values at different planting densities.In addition,choosing the optimum hybrid and planting density increased WUE by 21.70 and 14.92%,respectively,which showed that the hybrid played a more significant role than the planting density in improving WUE.Therefore,choosing drought-resistant hybrids c

关键词： maize climatic factor water utilization characteristics water use efficiency hybrids planting density

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Geographic variation in the yield formation of single-season high-yielding hybrid rice in southern China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第2期20卷 438-449页

作者： WANG Dan-ying LI Xu-yi YE Chang XU Chun-mei CHEN Song CHU Guang ZHANG Yun-bo ZHANG Xiu-fu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006P.R.China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066P.R.China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025P.R.China

Environmental conditions greatly affect the growth of rice. To investigate the geographic differences in yield formation of single-season high-yielding hybrid rice in southern China, experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in the upper and middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River with 10–30 main locally planted high-yielding hybrid cultivars used as materials. Compared with rice planted in the middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River, rice planted in the upper reaches has a longer tillering duration, higher accumulated temperature(≥10℃) during tillering period, but lower accumulated temperature and solar radiation from initial booting to maturity. Yield traits comparison between the upper and the middle–lower reaches of Yangtze River showed that the former had 48.1% more panicles per unit area while the latter had 46.4% more grains per panicle;the rice yield in the former was positively correlated with the seed setting rate and the dry matter accumulation before heading, while the latter was positively correlated with grains per panicle and dry matter accumulation from booting to maturity. Comparison of the same variety Tianyouhuazhan planted in different regions showed there was a significant positive correlation between panicle number and the duration of and accumulated temperature during the tillering period(r=0.982^(**), r=0.993^(**), respectively), and between grains per panicle and accumulated solar radiation during booting period(r=0.952~*). In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, more than 90% of cultivars with an yield of greater than 11 t ha^(–1) had an effective panicle number of 250–340 m^(–2), and there was a significant negative correlation between seed setting rate and grains per panicle;therefore, the high-yielding rice production in these regions with a long effective tillering period(>40 d) should choose varieties with moderate grains per panicle, adopt crop managements such as good fertilizer and water measures during vegetative growth period to ensure a certain number of effective pan

关键词： single-season hybrid rice geographic variation yield climatic factor southern China

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Pattern and drivers of species- genetic diversity correlation in natural forest tree communities across a biodiversity hotspot

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第5期11卷 761-770页

作者： Xinzeng Wei Dachuan Bao Hongjie Meng Mingxi Jiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences1 Zhiwuyuan RoadWuchangWuhanHubei 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan RoadShijingshanBeijing 100049China

Aims Exploring species-genetic diversity correlation(SGDC)is essential for understanding spatial patterns of diversity and the underlying mechanisms.Until now,latitudinal patterns of species diversity(SD)and genetic diversity(GD)were rarely studied simultaneously.As the freezing-tolerance hypothesis predicts a decrease of SD from low to high latitudes and the central-marginal hypothesis predicts a unimodal pattern of GD along latitude,we hypothesized that SD and GD are uncorrelated.We also tested how climatic and edaphic factors affect the correlation between the two levels of biodiversity.Methods We measured(i)SD(species richness and Simpson’s diversity index)and community dissimilarity of woody plants(63 plots),(ii)GD(al-lelic richness and expected heterozygosity)and genetic differen-tiation of a dominant tree species(Euptelea pleiospermum;678 individuals from 21 populations)using nuclear microsatellite data,and(iii)climatic(annual mean precipitation,annual mean tempera-ture,minimum temperature,maximum temperature,annual rela-tive moisture,solar radiation,photosynthetically active radiation)and edaphic(total C,total N,total P,available P,K,Ca,Mg,Al,Fe,Mn,Ni,Zn,B,Mo,Cu,pH)variables of 21 sites.We conducted both linear and quadratic regression analyses of diversity param-eters against latitude.Relationships between SD and GD were tested using Pearson’s correlation.Pearson’s and Spearman’sρcor-relation coefficients were calculated between diversity parameters and environmental variables.We used stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify the significant environmental predictors of SD and GD.Important Findings We observed no significant correlation between measures of SD and GD.SD decreases with increasing latitude,which can be partly explained by the freezing-tolerance hypothesis,whereas GD pre-sents a unimodal pattern along the latitudinal gradient,which is consistent with the prediction of the central-marginal hypothesis.The contrasting latitudinal patterns of SD and GD indicate that the two levels of biod

关键词： climatic factor edaphic factor Euptelea pleiospermum latitude species-genetic diversity correlation

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Relation of ice conditions to climate change in the Bohai Sea of China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2001年第3期20卷 331-342页

作者： Bai Shan, Liu Qinzheng, Wu Huiding I. National Center fOr Marine Environmnt FOrecats, ffeijing l(XX)8I. China. Natl. Center Marine Envrn. Forecasts Beijing 100081 China

The ice conditions in the Bohai Sea and the northern Huanghai Sea greatly change from year to year with winter climate. Ice only covers below 15% of the the waters during the wannest win-ter, while it covers more than 80% during the coldest winter. Ice observation and data acquisition are outlined in the paper. The ice-covered area, the position of ice edge and the ice grades give indication of the ice conditions. The local climate of the waters can be expressed by using the air temperature of the stations of Dalian and Yingkou. The variation of the ice condition indexes with the monthly mean air temperature at Dalian from 1952 to 2000 is shown, as well. The local climate and ice conditions in the waters are affected by many factors,such as, evolution of the general atmospheric circulation and the solar activity. The delayed correlation between the ice conditions and lots of the affecting factors is analysed in the paper. The ice conditions are continuously mild since the 1990s, that is relative to the tendency of the global warming. The ice condition variation of the Bohai Sea is related to the El Nino event and the sunspot period. The seasonal evolution of the ice conditions is also described in the paper.

关键词： Sea ice annual variation seasonal evolution climatic factor the Bohai Sea

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1960-2016年中国黄土高原气象干旱趋势的归因

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第8期31卷 1123-1139页

作者：郭梦瑶佘敦先张利平李凌程杨宗良洪思 State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712-1692USA

This study uses two forms of the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI),namely the PDSI_TH(potential evapotranspiration estimated-by the Thornthwaite equation)and the PDSI_PM(potential evapotranspiration estimated by the FAO Penman-Monteith equation),to characterize the meteorological drought trends during 1960–2016 in the Loess Plateau(LP)and its four subregions.By designing a series of numerical experiments,we mainly investigated various climatic factors'contributions to the drought trends at annual,summer,and autumn time scales.Overall,the drying trend in the PDSI_TH is much larger than that in the PDSI_PM.The former is more sensitive to air temperature than precipitation,while the latter is the most sensitive to precipitation among all meteorological factors.Increasing temperature results in a decreasing trend(drying)in the PDSI_TH,which is further aggravated by decreasing precipitation,jointly leading to a relatively severe drying trend.For the PDSI_PM that considers more comprehensive climatic factors,the drying trend is partly counteracted by the declining wind speed and solar radiation.Therefore,the PDSI_PM ultimately shows a much smaller drying trend in the past decades.

关键词： meteorological drought potential evapotranspiration contribution sensitivity Loess Plateau climatic factor

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Rapid assessment and explanation of tree species abundance along the elevation gradient in Gaoligong Mountains,Yunnan,China

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S2期 225-231页

作者： SUN ZhenHua PENG ShengJing OU XiaoKun Institute of Ecology and Geobotany,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China

This article presents an analysis of tree species abundance and its association with climatic variables along elevation gradient in the Gaoligong Mountains in west Yunnan,China.Data from scientific papers and books in the Gaoligong Mountains area were collected and extrapolated to elucidate a mechanistic understanding of elevation patterns and the relationship between the elevation range and elevation mid-point of tree species along the gradient by examining climatic variables.Tree species abundance showed a unimodal pattern with a peak at mid-elevation(about 2000 m)and species with a narrow elevation range occurred at higher or lower elevation,while a wider elevation range was found at the middle of the gradient.Tree species abundance was the highest where both temperature and water availability were moderate.The relationship between the climatic variables affecting species appear to be due to both direct and indirect factors,and the effect of these effects varied at different gradients.

关键词： tree species abundance elevation distribution range climatic factor the Gaoligong Mountains

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Influence of temperature,solar radiation and precipitation on kernerel set and filling in rain-fed maize system in central China

Influence of temperature,solar radiation and precipitation o...

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2016年全国青年作物栽培与生理学术研讨会

作者： Junzhu Ge Ying Xu Xinyue Zhong Shuya Li Shaoyang Tian Guoyin Yuan Cougui Cao Ming Zhan Ming Zhao College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop PhysiologyEcology and Cultivation(Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River) of Minisitry of Agriculture Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology of Minisitry of Agriculture College of Agronomy&Resources and Environment Tianjin Agricultural University

[Introduction]climatic factors have substantial effects on maize ear kernels number and kernel weight.In the previous studies,only a few climatic conditions for grain filling period have been covered,and few studies concerned about the quantitative relationship between grain filling parameters and all of the main climatic factors.The objectives of this study were to characterize and quantify the effects of climatic factors on kernel number,kernel weight and grain filling parameters.[Materials and methods]A 2-yr field experiments were conducted from March to November in 2012 and 2013 in the town of Huaqiao,Hubei Province,China.The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with seasons as main plots and varieties as subplots.Three different seasons with two sowing date for each,spring maize(SPM,Marchl4 and 28 in 2012,and March18 and 26 in 2013),summer maize(SUM,May4 and 23 in 2012,and May 5 and 20 in 2013),and autumn maize(AUM,July 7 and 22 in 2012,and July 7 and 21 in 2013) were set as main-plot treatments.Three regional maize hybrid varieties varying in growth duration were designated as the subplots,including zhengdan 958(ZD958,93-120 d),denghai 9(DH9,95-128d),and yidan629(YD629,97-128 d).Daily meteorological data,were obtained.[Results]The growing degree days(GDD) and high temperature stress(killing degree days[KDD]) from V12 to silking always played significantly negative roles on ear ovules number(EON) and ear kernels number(EKN).EKN had significant and positive relationships with GDD,mean temperature(MT) and accumulated solar radiation(Ra) from silking to 30 days after silking(DAS).After pollination,KW and kernel filling rate during the linear kernel filling phase(KFR) exhibited significant negative relations with GDD,MT,KDD and Ra,whereas mean temperature difference(MAT)and accumulated precipitation(Pr) palyed significantly positive roles on KW and KFR;The optimum MT for EON was lower than 22℃,while GDD and KDD should lower than 183.6℃d and 31.6 ℃d,respectively,from V12 to silking growth interval.But

关键词： climatic factor different seasons maize ear ovules number ear kernels number kernel weight

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Microbial communities and natural fermentation of corn silages prepared with farm bunker-silo in Southwest China

Microbial communities and natural fermentation of corn silag...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术...

作者： Hao Guan Yanhong Yan Xiaoling Li Xiaomei Li Yang Shuai Guangyan Feng Qifan Ran Yimin Cai Ying Li Xinquan Zhang Animal Science and Technology College Sichuan Agricultural University Institute of Grass science ChongQing Academy of animal Husbandry Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science(JIRCAS) Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University

This study analyzed the variation of microbial communities,their achieved fermentation quality,and the association between microbial diversity and environmental factors after ensiling of 96 samples prepared with bunker-silo in Southwest China.Most of natural corn silages achieved good fermentation,e.g.,low pH value(climatic factors ultimately affect the fermentation quality through influencing microbial community.

关键词： Corn Bunker-silo silage climatic factor Fermentation quality Natural microbial community

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