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PREPARATION OF Pb-Ca-Na MASTER ALLOY USING MOLTEN chloride SALT ELECTROLYSIS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1996年第2期6卷 18-19,21+25页

作者： Song Renying Wang Xingjie Luo Shumei Jiang Chan Tang Dingxiang(Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry ,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022) Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China

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关键词： Pb-Ca-Na master alloy molten chloride salt electrolysis preparation

The Adsorbing Effect of Calcined Layered Double Hydroxide for chloride Ions in Simulated Concrete Pore Solutions

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2014年第2期29卷 278-283页

作者：唐聿明 ZHAO Xuhui NIU Le 左禹 School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials

The adsorbing effect of calcined layered double hydroxide （CLDH） for chloride ions in simulated concrete pore （SCP） solutions was investigated with the potentiodynamic polarization method, impedance measurement, ion selective electrode analysis and XRD. CLDH could effectively adsorb Cl^- and increase pH value in SCP solutions containing NaCl. The chloride to hydroxyl ions ratio （[C1^-]/[OH^-]） of the solution greatly decreased by CLDH treatment. In CLDH treated SCP solution with CI-, the pitting potential of carbon steel notably increased, and the surface impedance was much higher, indicating strengthened passivation. The process of CLDH adsorbing chloride ions from SCP solutions was accompanied with the reconstruction of the layered structure.

关键词： pore solution corrosion adsorption chloride calcined layered double hydroxide

Effect of Curing Age on chloride Diffusion Coefficient of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Subjected to Compressive Stresses

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2018年第2期35卷 326-333页

作者： Tang Jinzhi Wu Jin Wang Wenjian Wang Zhe Wu Guanzheng College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

The effect of curing age on chloride diffusion coefficient of recycled aggregate concrete subjected to different compressive stresses was investigated.A compression loading setup was both designed and fabricated.The chloride diffusion coefficients of recycled aggregate concrete under compressive stresses were measured by the rapid chloride ion migration(RCM)method.The experimental results show that the chloride diffusion coefficients of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)under different compressive stress ratios generally decrease with the increase of curing age.For RAC subjected to the same compressive stress ratios,the chloride diffusion coefficients approximately have power functions with curing ages and the relationship models are proposed.Moreover,the influence of curing age on chloride diffusion coefficient firstly decreases and then increases as the compressive stress ratio increases.

关键词： recycled aggregate concrete(RAC) chloride diffusion coefficient curing age compressive stress ratio rapid chlorideion migration(RCM) method

PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in the activation of RAW 264.7 cells induced by hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第3期38卷 834-840页

作者： YANG Yue XING Rong’e LIU Song QIN Yukun LI Kecheng YU Huahua LI Pengcheng Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Center for Ocean Mega-ScienceInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

We previously demonstrated that 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan(HACC)promoted the production of nitric oxide(NO)and proinflammatory cytokines by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK)and Janus kinase(JAK)/STAT pathways in RAW 264.7 cells,indicating good immunomodulatory activity of HACC.In this study,to further investigate the immunomodulatory mechanisms of HACC,we determined the roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt,activating protein(AP-1)and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)in HACC-induced activation of RAW 264.7 cells by the western blotting.The results suggest that HACC promoted the phosphorylation of p85 and Akt.Furthermore,c-Jun and p65 were also increased after the treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with HACC,indicating the translocation of NF-κB and AP-1 from cytoplasm to nucleus.In addition,as scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis shows,the cell morphology changed after HACC treatment.These findings indicate that HACC activated MAPK,JAK/STAT,and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways dependent on AP-1 and NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 cells,ultimately leading to the increase of NO and cytokines.

关键词： hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan RAW 264.7 cells PI3K/Akt pathway nuclear factor-κB activating protein 1

Study on conductance of supersaturated chloride microdroplets

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第7期52卷 879-886页

作者： HE KeJuan CHENG Hua ZHU YanYing WANG LiangYu ZHANG YunHong Institute for Chemical Physics School of ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

By using the measuring system previously designed by the authors, the conductance of KCl, NaCl and NH4Cl microdroplets is obtained in the whole measuring RH range, especially in the supersaturation region, which cannot be acquired from the bulk solutions and fills the gap of lack of experimental data of conductance under the supersaturated state. The ERH and DRH of these three kinds of microdroplets observed from a microscope are 80.5% and 95.4% (KCl), 75.7% and 93.3% (NaCl), and 69.9% and 96.6% (NH4Cl), respectively. In addition, it can be found from the dependence of conductance on RH that conductance is very sensitive to the existence of water molecules inside the microdroplet and the threshold of the deliquescence process can be predicted by the variation of conductance.

关键词： conductance supersaturation microdroplet chloride sodium chloride potassium chloride ammonium chloride

Converting Thiophene in Simulated Coking Crude Benzene to N,N-Dimethyl-2-thiophenecarboxamide by Dimethylcarbamyl chloride Under Mild Conditions

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2019年第4期35卷 674-679页

作者： SHEN Xizhou SONG Hao FANG Liuya DENG Hang GAN Feng SHEN Zhi School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430205 P. R. China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 P. R. China

Since the content of thiophene in coking crude benzene is high, it is necessary to remove it from coking crude benzene for efficient utilization. In this study, an important intermediate, N,N-dimethyl-2-thiophenecarboxamide, was synthesized from thiophene and dimethylcarbamyl chloride. The influences of the dosages of dimethylcarbamyl chloride and ZnCl2 catalyst, reaction temperature and time on the removal rate were further explored based on the reaction kinetics.The structure of the target product was characterized by means of MS,NMR and 13C NMR.The removal rate of thiophene was 98.14% after the reaction for 2 h and thiophene was almost removed after the reaction for 3 h under the optimal reaction conditions [a molar ratio of n(thiophene):n(dimethylcarbamyl chioride):w(ZnCl2)=1:12:10,300 r/min, 318 K and 101.325 kPa].The acylation of thiophene with dimethylcarbamyl chloride was approximately in accord with the first order kinetic equation at 303-323K.The activation energy was 53.9850 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential factor was 1.4521×10^9 h^-1.

关键词： Coking crude benzene F-C acylation Acyl chloride Thiophene Thiophene derivative

Effect of heat treatment conditions on the passivation behavior of WE43CMg-Y-Nd alloy in chloride containing alkaline environments

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2017年第2期5卷 147-165页

作者： Jakraphan Ninlachart Zachary Karmiol Dev Chidambaram Krishnan SRaja Chemical and Materials Engineering University of IdahoMoscowID 83844-1021USA Chemical and Materials Engineering University of NevadaRenoNV 89557-0388USA

Mg–Y–Nd alloy(WE43C or Elektron 43)is a heat treatable magnesium wrought alloy that can be used up to 250 ℃ for aerospace application.This alloy has excellent mechanical properties(UTS:up to 345 MPa at room temperature)and improved corrosion resistance.Electrochemical passivation studies were conducted on this alloy under different heat treatment conditions in 0.1 M NaOH solution with the addition of chloride from 0 to 1000 ppm.The passive potential range typically extended to more than 1.5 VAg/AgCl.The transpassive potential was not dependent on the heat treatment condition of the alloy when the chloride concentration increased up to 500 ppm.However,pitting protection potential varied with the heat treatment condition when the chloride addition was 500 ppm or more.The specimen surface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and Raman spectroscopy to understand the passivation behavior of this alloy.The passivated surface of the WE43C specimens indicated that the surface layer consisted of MgO,Mg(OH)_(2),and rare earth oxide phases,and the heat treatment conditions did not significantly affect the composition of the surface film.

关键词： Elektron 43 Magnesium alloy Corrosion Passivation chloride

Hydrate film growth at the interface between gaseous CO_2 and sodium chloride solution

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第5期52卷 676-682页

作者： PENG BaoZi, SUN ChangYu, CHEN GuangJin, YANG LanYing, ZHOU Wei & PANG WeiXin State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing China

Greenhouse gas CO2 has become a serious problem for human beings. The hydrate technology has been considered as a possible approach to sequester CO2. In this work, the lateral growth rates of a CO2 hydrate film in aqueous NaCl solutions of different concentrations were measured by means of suspending a single gas bubble in liquid. The results show that the film growth rates depended on not only the driving force, but also the NaCl concentration, and the film growth rates decreased with the increasing NaCl concentration. The simple relationship vf ∝ΔT5/2 could be used to correlate the hydrate film growth rate of a CO2 + NaCl + water system by introducing a NaCl concentration-dependent coefficient. The film thickness was investigated experimentally and evaluated theoretically; the results show that it became thicker at a higher NaCl concentration when the temperature and pressure were specified. In addition, a series of interesting phenomena, such as the occurrence of double hydrate films, were displayed and discussed.

关键词： hydrate interfaces hydrate film growth carbon dioxide sodium chloride

Molecular Spectra and Dissociation Dynamics of Oxalyl chloride: Effect of External Electrical Fields

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2019年第4期38卷 499-508页

作者：尹文怡刘玉柱周冯斌布玛丽亚.阿布力米提 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Xinjiang Normal University

Oxalyl chloride is a highly toxic and caustic substance, which widely exists in human production and life as a kind of volatile organic compound. Based on the density functional theory B3 LYP at 6-311++G(d, p) level, the influences of external electric field on the bond length, bond energy, dipole moment and dissociation mechanism are optimized. The results indicate that the C_1–Cl_3 bond length increases while the C_4–Cl_6 bond decreases. At the same time, the carbon-carbon bond length gradually increases with the increase of electric field. The total energy decreases while the dipole moment gradually increases with the increase of electric field. In the infrared spectra, the vibration frequency of the carbon-chlorine(C_4–Cl_6) bond decreases while the vibration frequency of the carbon-oxygen bond increases. In the ultraviolet-visible spectra, the wavelength of the strongest absorption peak increases as the external electric field increases and shows an observable red shift phenomenon. Additionally, single point energies of oxalyl chloride along the carbon-carbon bond are scanned with the equation-of-motion coupled cluster method restricted to single and double excitations(EOM-CCSD) method and the potential energy curves under different external electric fields are obtained. The dissociation barrier in potential energy curve decreases because of the breakage of carbon-carbon bond with the increase of external electric field. These results provide reference for further researches on the properties of oxalyl chloride and offer a theoretical basis for the study of oxalyl chloride degradation.

关键词： oxalyl chloride spectra electric field density functional theory degradation