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Graptolite, chitinozoan and Scolecodont Reflectances and Their Use as Indicators of Thermal Maturity

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1993年第1期67卷 93-105,125-126页

作者： Andreas Hoffknecht Rainer Bainer Brocke Bernd-D. Erdtmann Institute of Geology and Paleontology Technical University of Berlin Berlin Germany

Based on studies of the reflectance of Ordovician and Silurian zooclasts from 11 sections around the Huangling Anticline, Hubei, China, combined with determination of the conodont colour alteration indices (CAI) and of infrared spectroscopy of dispersed organic matter from the same or adjacent horizons, it is further proved that reflectances of graptolites, chitinozoans and scolecldonts, like vitrinite and natural bitumen, increase with increasing maturation, but follow different reflectance paths. They may be used, therefore, as thermal maturation indicators. Graptolites display optically strong anisotropy. The maximum reflectance measured from graptolite on polished section cut parallel to the bedding plane is the most suitable for determination of maturation of their host rocks. In polished section chitinozoan and scolecodont show reflectance, but no bireflectance owing to their isotropy. The random reflectance of chitinozoans is higher than that of scolecodonts in the case of the same maturity. By analysing the distribution trends of graptolite, chitionzoan and scolecodont reflectances, the Ordovician and Silurian strata can be subdivided into three areas of maturation in the present region. The potential of oil or gas generation is discussed for each area. The result is basically coincident with the distribution pattern of regional organic maturation presented by CAI and infrared spectroscopic determination of organic matter.

关键词： graptolite chitinozoan scolecodont reflectance

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The Most Complete Sequence of Telychian Graptolite Zones in the World

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第2期74卷 126-131页

作者： FU Lipu ZHANG Zifu GENG Liangyu Xi'an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 Jiangsu

This paper divides the Telychian into 7 graptolite zones, 12 subzones and 4 chitinoans in the Ziyang region, China. The zones and subzones of England are almost totally suitable for the case of Ziyang in China, though they are 10000 km apart. All the above-mentioned biozones are found only in a unitary continuous section in Ziyang. It has been proved that the Ziyang section is the one with the most complete sequence of Telychian graptolite biozones in the world.

关键词： high-resolution graptolite zone chitinozoan Telychian

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