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Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the brain tissue of rats at preoxygenation, hypoxia/reoxygenation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2006年第8期1卷 689-692页

作者： Hongzhi Chen Lu Li Hong Zhao Department of Anesthesiology Shengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of AnesthesiologyShengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of AnesthesiologyShengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND: The disorder of the respiratory and circulation system during the anesthesia and operation often can lead to severe hypoxia. Preoxygenation is a conventional therapy for treatment of hypoxia. OBJECTIVE: To observe the change in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), i.e. brain tissue injury degree, in cerebral cortex of rats after hypoxia/reoxygenation under the condition of different levels of preoxygenation. DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal experiment. SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology and Central Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University. MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the laboratory of Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from March 2003 to March 2004. Seventy-two male Wistar rats, weighing from 250 to 300 g, were provided by the Animal Experimental Room of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University [License No. SYXK (Liao) 2003-0019]. Seventy-two rats were randomized into 3 groups: preoxygenation group, hypoxia group and reoxygentation group. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups, 6 rats in each subgroup. METHODS: 0.21, 0.50, 0.75 and 0.98 volume fraction of oxygen was given to 4 subgroups of preoxygenation group respectively. The rats in each subgroup of hypoxia group inhaled oxygen for 30 minutes according to the method of preoxygenation. Then, nitrogen gas replaced oxygen and was pumped into the cabin, and the volume fraction of oxygen was decreased to be 0.05 within 20 minutes. The rats in each subgroup of reoxygenation group were treated with the experimental methods of preoxygenation and hypoxia separately, then they were moved into the wide mouthed bottle with two-air-duct rubber stopper. Finally, oxygen was pumped and the volume fraction of oxygen reached over 0.98 within 20 minutes. After 24 hours, all the surviving rats were killed by decapitation. cerebral tissue was sliced and stained by haematoxylin-eosin and then enveloped. Brain tissue inju

关键词： volume fraction tissue injury nitric oxide synthase animal experiment result analysis neuronal injury cerebral cortex brain injury Wistar rats methods of method of

Expression and distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2A/B in anterior thalamic nuclei and hippocampus of rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2006年第5期1卷 390-392页

作者： Kai Fan Xiaokai Ma Bin Wang Department of Anatomy College of Basic Medicine DalianMedical University Dalian 116027 Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND ： Several immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies have demonstrated the localization of various N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors （NMDAR） subunits in certain brain regions of mammals. These studies indicate that NMDAR are widespread in mammal brains, especially in cerebral cortex and hippocam pus. OBJECTIVE： To validate whether or not the NMDAR 2A/B localizes in rat anterior thalamic nuclei （ATN） and hippocampus, and observe its expression and distribution characteristics. DESIGN： Controlled study SETTING： Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University.MATERIALS ： Ten adult Sprague-Dawley rats of either gender, weighing 180-250 g, of clean grade, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Dalian Medical University. Rabbit polyclonal antibody to NMDAR 2A/B was the product of Chemicon Company. METHODS ： This experiment was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University from September 2005 to May 2006. The anesthetized SD rats were transcardially perfused with 100 mL phosphate buffer solution, then perfused with paraformaldehyde through ascending aorta. After 30 minutes, their brains were harvested and post-fixed in PFA at 4 ℃ overnight. Hippocampal and anterior thalamic nuclear tissues were sliced in the coronal plane at 40 μm. The sections were stained by immunohistochemical ABC method, visualized by DAB, dehydrated routinely, performed transparence and coverslipped. Expression and distribution of NMDAR 2A/B in ATN and hippocampus of rats were observed under an optical microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： Distribution and expression of NMDAR 2A/B in ATN and hippocampus of rats.RESULTS ： NMDAR 2A/B positive neurons localized in ATN, pyramidal layer of hippocampus and granular layer of dentate gyrus in a compact and orderly pattern, and immunostained intensely. NMDAR 2A/B receptor positive neurons scattered with lower intensity of immunolabeling in othe

关键词： dentate gyrus distribution characteristics in situ hybridization polyclonal antibody Experimental Animal cerebral cortex

Microsurgery Resection of Intrinsic Insular Tumors via Transsylvian Surgical Approach in 12 Cases

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Clinical oncology and cancer researeh 2012年第1期9卷 44-47页

作者： Peng Wang Ming-can Wu Shi-jie Chen Xian-ping Xu Yong Yang Jie Cai Department of Neurosurgery Neuroscience CenterNanjing Medical UniversityAffiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital Department of Neurosurgery The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou Department of Radiology The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, operative methods, and diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） in tile resection of intrinsic insular gliomas via transsylvian approach. Methods From June 2008 to June 2010, 12 patients with intrinsic insular gliomas were treated via transsylvian microsurgical approach, with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging （MR DTI） evaluation. The data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results All patients had astrocytoma, including 8 patients of Grades 1 to II, 2 patients of Grades III to IV, and 2 patients of mixed glial tumors. The insular tumors were completely removed in 9 patients, whereas they were only partially removed from 3 patients. No death was related to the operations. Two patients had transient aphasia, 2 experienced worsened hemiplegia on opposite sides of their bodies, and 2 had mild hemiplegia and language function disturbance. Conclusions Most of tile insular gliomas are of low grade. By evaluating the damage of the corticospinal tract through DTI and using ultrasonography to locate the tumors during operation, microsurgery treatment removes the lesions as much as possible, protects the surrounding areas, reduces the mobility rate, and improves the postoperative quality of life.

关键词： microsurgery cerebral cortex glioma diffusion tensor imaging

Time-course changes and effect of nerve growth factor on choline acetyltransferase activity in cultured cortical cholinergic neurons from fetal rats

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 1998年第3期 70-71页

作者： WU JunFang, ZHANG JunTian(Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050)

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关键词： nerve growth factor cell, cultured choline acetyltransferase cerebral cortex

Anti-aging effects of moxa cone moxibustion As a free radical scavenger complement

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第12期6卷 919-924页

作者： Lihua Zhao Shangjie Chen Huang Chen Zhen Qiu Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University Nanning 530023 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region China Department of Rehabilitation Baoan Hospital Southern Medical University Shenzhen 518101 Guangdong Province China Acupuncture and Massage College Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University Nanning 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region China

Therapies that complement free radical scavenging are an important approach for treating aging in the brain. In the present study, two formulations of moxa cone moxibustion were applied at acupoints Zusanfi （ST 36） and Xuanzhong （GB 39）, and at acupoints Baihui （DU 20） and Guanyuan （RN 4）, in D-galactose-induced senile mice. The results revealed that moxa cone moxibustion improved total superoxide dismutase and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase activity in the homogenates of the cerebral tissue, as well as ameliorating deficits in neuronal morphology and neuronal density in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal CA3. Moxa cone moxibustion also enhanced learning and memory functions of senile mice. Moxa cone moxibustion at Zusanli, Xuanzhong, Baihuiand Guanyuan acupoints can thus be used to complement free radical scavengers, with efficacy that is equal to that of electroacupuncture at Zusanliand Xuanzhong, and superior to that of nimodipine treatment.

关键词： senile Zusanfi (ST 36) Xuanzhong (GB 39) Baihui (DU 20) Guanyuan (RN 4) moxa cone moxibustion electroacupuncture D-galactose cerebral cortex hippocampus CA3 neuronal morphology learning and memory oxidation resistance

Buyang Huanwu Decoction regulates neural stem cell behavior in ischemic brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第25期8卷 2336-2342页

作者： Baiyan Liu Guangxian Cai Jian Yi Xuemei Chen Key Laboratory of Internal Medicine Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

The traditional Chinese medicine Buyang Huanwu Decoction has been shown to improve the neu- rological function of patients with stroke. However, the precise mechanisms underlying its effect remain poorly understood. In this study, we established a rat model of cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion and intragastrically administered 5 g/kg Buyang Huanwu Decoction, once per day, for 1, 7, 14 and 28 days after cerebral ischemia. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a number of cells positive for the neural stem cell marker nestin in the cerebral cortex, the subven- tricular zone and the ipsilateral hippocampal dentate gyrus in rat models of cerebral ischemia. Buyang Huanwu Decoction significantly increased the number of cells positive for 5-bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU）, a cell proliferation-related marker, microtubule-associated protein-2, a marker of neuronal differentiation, and growth-associated protein 43, a marker of synaptic plasticity in the ischemic rat cerebral regions. The number of positive cells peaked at 14 and 28 days after intragastric administration of Buyang Huanwu Decoction. These findings suggest that Buyang Huanwu Decoction can promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells and en- hance synaptic plasticity in ischemic rat brain tissue.

关键词： neural regeneration traditional Chinese medicine Buyang Huanwu Decoction cerebral ischemia nestin BrdU microtubule-associated protein-2 growth-associated protein 43 neural stem cells proliferation differentiation cerebral cortex subventricular zone dentate gyrus grants-supportedpaper neuroregeneration

Neuroglobin expression in rats after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第25期7卷 1960-1966页

作者： Xin Lin Min Li Aijia Shang Yazhuo HU Xiao Yang Ling Ye Suyan Bian ZhongfengWang Dingbiao Zhou Department of Surgery Division of Nanlou General Hospital of Chinese PLA Beijing 100853 China Department of Traumatic-Aesthetic Surgery Huangsi Aesthetic Surgery Hospital Beijing 100120 China Department of Neurosurgery Division of Surgery General Hospital of Chinese PLA Beijing 100853 China Institute of Geriatrics General Hospital of Chinese PLA Beijing 100853 China Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing 100071 China Department of Cardiology Division of Nanlou General Hospital of Chinese PLA Beijing 100853 China Institute of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China

In this study, we used a rat model of severe closed traumatic brain injury to explore the relationship between neuroglobin, brain injury and neuronal apoptosis. Real-time PCR showed that neuroglobin mRNA expression rapidly increased in the rat cerebral cortex, and peaked at 30 minutes and 48 hours following traumatic brain injury. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that neuroglobin expression increased and remained high 2 hours to 5 days following injury. The rate of increase in the apoptosis-related Bax/Bcl-2 ratio greatly decreased between 30 minutes and 1 hour as well as between 48 and 72 hours post injury. Expression of neuroglobin and the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 greatly increased, while that of the proapoptotic factor decreased, in the cerebral cortex post severe closed traumatic brain injury. It suggests that neuroglobin might protect neurons from apoptosis after traumatic injury by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 pathway.

关键词： neuroglobin traumatic brain injury neuron apoptosis cerebral cortex Bax Bcl-2 neuralregeneration

Correlation of the cerebral Microvascular Blood Flow with Brain Temperature and Electro-Acupuncture Stimulation

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2010年第4期30卷 243-248页

作者：张栋李林马慧敏叶翠飞王淑友陈丁生 Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Aging Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the temperature and the microvascular blood flow of the cerebral cortex, and the influence of electro-acupuncture (EA) on the cortical microcirculation. Methods: High temperature spots on the anterior ectosylvian and low temperature spots on the posterior suprasylvian on the cortical surface of 20 cats were identified using cortical infrared thermography (CIT); the blood flow in the microcirculation on these spots was measured with laser-Doppler flowmetry. EA was given at Zusanli (ST 36) and changes in the blood flow in the cerebral cortex microcirculation were detected. Results: 1) The mean temperatures on the high (34.83±0.24°C) and low (32.28±0.27°C) temperature spots were significantly different (P0.9). Conclusion: The high temperature spots of the cortex are active functional regions of neurons with higher blood flow and a stronger response to EA. EA induces a significant increase in blood flow in the high temperature spots of the cortex.

关键词： cerebral cortex brain temperature, micro-circulation perfusion, electro-acupuncture infrared thermography, laser-Doppler technique

Total saponins of Panax ginseng effects on proliferation and differentiation of human embryonic neural stem cells and in a Parkinson's disease mouse model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第3期4卷 186-193页

作者： Yingbo Li Shali Wang Neuroscience Research Center Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China

BACKGROUND： Total saponins of Panax ginseng （TSPG） exhibits neuroprotection against Parkinson＇s disease in the substantia nigra. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of TSPG on human embryonic neural stem cells （NSCs） proliferation and differentiation into dopaminergic neurons using in vitro studies, and to observe NSC differentiation in a mouse model of Parkinson＇s disease, as well as behavioral changes before and after transplantation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： In vitro neural cell biology trial and in vivo randomized, controlled animal trial were performed at the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University between September 2004 and December 2007. MATERIALS： TSPG （purity 〉 95%） was isolated, extracted, and identified by Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica. Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） and recombinant human epidermal growth factor （EGF） were purchased from PeproTech, USA. A total of 25 C57/BL6J mice, aged 18-20 weeks were included. Twenty were used to establish a Parkinson＇s disease model with i.p. injection of MPTP （1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine） and TSPG alone or combined with interleukin-1 （IL-1）-treated NSCs prior to transplantation into the corpus striatum. The remaining five mice were pretreated for 3 days with TSPG prior to MPTP injection, serving as the TSPG prevention group. METHODS： Primary NSCs were isolated, cultured and purified from embryonic cerebral cortex. Immunocytochemistry was employed to detect specific antigen expression in the NSCs. In vitro experiment：（1） to induce proliferation, NSCs were treated with TSPG, EGF＋bFGF, or TSPG＋EGF＋bFGF, respectively; （2） to induce dopaminergic neuronal differentiation, NSCs were treated with TSPG, IL-1, or TSPG＋IL-1, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： In vitro experiment： the effects of TSPG on NSCs proliferation were evaluated with flow cytometry and MTT assay. Tyrosine hydroxylase expression was determined by immunocytochemistry

关键词： total saponins of Panax ginseng neural stem cells human embryo cerebral cortex cell differentiation cell transplantation Parkinson's disease mouse