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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第21期122卷 2525-2529页

作者： YANG Wen-ying Department of Endocrinology China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China

Diabetes has spread across the world at a rapid speed since the 21st century＇s coming, and it is expected to increase to 300 million in 2025 and become a major burden on society. Chinese people are susceptible to diabetes. Diabetes prevention and treatment is becoming increasingly grim in China along with the increase of obesity resulting from increased degree of aging, improvement of living standards and unhealthy lifestyle. Since the first diabetes epidemiological investigation in 1980, the prevalence of diabetes has increased from less than 1% to about 10%, and diabetes has become the third largest chronic disease threatening people＇s health after cancer and cardiovascular disease. Facing this enormous challenge, during the past decade the Chinese Diabetes Society has achieved fruitful progress in diabetes epidemiological surveys, diabetes basic research and clinical treatment,

关键词： trail century Chinese prevention and treatment the world expected degree major China

A STUDY ON THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE EIGHTEENTH century MEIYU (PLUM RAINS) ACTIVITY OF LOWER CHANGJIANG(YANGTZE) REGION OF CHINA

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Science China Chemistry 1991年第10期34卷 1237-1245页

作者：张德二王宝贯 Academy of Meteorological Science State Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 PRC Department of Meteorology University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA

This study presents a scheme for delimiting the meiyu period in the Lower Changjiang (Yangtze) region. This scheme was applied to the Clear and Rain Records of Nanjing, Suzhou and Hangzhou to reconstruct the 1723-1800 meiyu climate series. The beginning and ending dates, length, precipitation, and the intensity grades of meiyu were determined. The years of early, heavy, light, and empty meiyu were also given. Statistical analyses of the 18th century meiyu series indicate the existence of the quasi-periodicities of 2-3, 4-5, and 9 years. Many basic characteristics of the modern meiyu also existed in the 18th century. Some characteristics of the Northwest Pacific Subtropical High in the 18th century in typical meiyu years were inferred from the historical meiyu series.

关键词： meiyu (plum rains) series Lower Changjiang (Yangtze) region eighteenth century climatic characteristics reconstruction.

Estimation on the response of glaciers in China to the global warming in the 21st century

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第7期45卷 668-672页

作者： SHI Yafeng & LIU Shiyin Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China

Glaciers in China can be categorized into 3 types, i.e. the maritime (temperate) type, sub-continental (sub-polar) type and extreme Continental (polar) type, which take 22%, 46% and 32% of the total existing glacier area (59 406 km2) respectively. Researches indicate that glaciers of the three types show different response patterns to the global warming. Since the Maxima of the Little Ice Age (the 17th century), air temperature has risen at a magnitude of 1.3℃on average and the glacier area decreased corresponds to 20% of the present total glacier area in western China. it is estimated that air temperature rise in the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s will be of the order of 0.4-1.2, 1.2-2.7 and 2.1-4.0 K in western China. With these scenarios, glaciers in China will suffer from further shrinkage by 12%, 28% and 45% by the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s. The uncertainties may account for 30%-67% in 2100 in China.

关键词： modern glacier global warming Little Ice Age glacier type temperature rise in the 21st century estimated glacier shrinkage.

End of the “American century”

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Economic and Political Studies 2013年第1期1卷 79-88页

作者： ALLAN H.MELTZER Carnegie Mellon University and the American Enterprise Institute

At the start of the post WWII era,the United States led the world to establish a political and economic order for freer trade,military cooperation,and economic development in low income countries.The program was far from perfect,but it gave the world decades of growth,expansion,and increased freedom and opportunity.More people in more countries raised their living standards more significantly than in any other period of human history.Freer trade and avoidance of major wars benefited people everywhere.The U.S.leadership is nevertheless much weaker now.Countries cannot agree on trade treaties to remove further barriers,and the growing size and importance of several countries with diverse interests make agreements harder to reach.Terrorism in parts of the world restricts the spread of markets.A likely outcome will be slower growth of the world economy in the future.

关键词： American century international economic institutio

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FACING CHALLENGESIN 21ST century

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Chinese Geographical Science 2001年第4期11卷 3-7页

作者： CHEN Guo-jie(Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, the Chinese Academy of Sciences / Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China ) Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Ministry of Water Conservancy Chengdu P. R. China

ABSTRACT: The 21st century is the time for human seeking harmonizing with environment and carrying out sustainable development strategy. But sustainable development is facing many challenges. They may mainly include the follows: challenge comes from the contradiction between human and the earth, challenge of local benefit conflict to human common goal, challenge of competition to fairness, challenge of unbalanced development in regions and countries, challenge of diversity and challenge of calamity. Challenges are not only pressure, but also the motive force. Challenge exists, the motive force would never stop. Sustainable development was born in challenges, is developing in contradiction and will sustain in conflict.

关键词： sustainable development contradiction between human and the earth 21st century

Sino-Japanese Relationship in the 21st century:Structural Strategic Interests and Contradictions

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和平与发展 2006年第2期 57-64页

作者： Lin Xiaoguang( Professor of the Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party and Guest Researcher of CPDS.)

Leaning Towards Agile in 21^(st) century

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 245-246页

作者： D Ashall B Parkinson Manufacturing Systems Engineering University of HertfordshireManufacturing Systems Engineering University of Hertfordshire Hatfie ld UKHatfie ld UK

Background: During the last fifteen years there ha s been an increased drive for organisations to reduce costs. From a production po int, this has often centred on lean manufacturing and JIT waste elimination proc esses. However, in 1991, the Iaccocca Institute Bethlehem P.A commissioned a re port specifically to analyse the changing nature of the marketplace. As a result , in the following year, the Agile Manufacturing Forum was initiated and the ter m ’agile or responsive manufacturing’ was first introduced within a business env ironment in order to meet the customers changing demands within in a volatile an d turbulent market. Aims: The paper seeks to examine the effect that ’lean thinking’ has upon the supply chain and analyse the effect that this has within a constantly changing m arketplace. It will further examine how an agile supply chain will impact upon the supplier. In addition, the paper will explore the differences between lean and agile philosophies and the impact that this has on the buyer and supplier re lationship. Using a case study approach the paper will make a detailed comparison between we stern organisations and Asian companies-typically China and Malaysia-to fo cus on the utilisation of ’best practice’ techniques and the impact that these h ave on organisations within the supply chain. Objectives: · Identify the effects on the supplier and buyer (first tier) and subsequent su ppliers within the supply or logistical chain. · Analyse the link between customer and buyer and the relevant theories of diff ering relationships from adversarial to partnership collaboration · Confirm which type of marketplace ’lean & agile (responsive supply) ’ can ef fectively operate · Examine the effects and benefits on the western and Asian organisations (buye r & seller) when operating within a responsive supply chain Summary: The authors will review existing literature and methodology and will co mbine analytical theories with practical case studies.

关键词： st century

MILITARY MEDICAL SCIENCES BEING FACED WITH THE 21ST century

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Chinese Medical Journal 1996年第7期 6-8页

作者：吴祖泽

ＭＩＬＩＴＡＲＹＭＥＤＩＣＡＬＳＣＩＥＮＣＥＳＢＥＩＮＧＦＡＣＥＤＷＩＴＨＴＨＥ２１ＳＴＣＥＮＴＵＲＹＷｕＺｕｚｅ吴祖泽ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＭｉｌｉｔａｒｙＭｅｄｉｃａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１... 详细信息

ＭＩＬＩＴＡＲＹＭＥＤＩＣＡＬＳＣＩＥＮＣＥＳＢＥＩＮＧＦＡＣＥＤＷＩＴＨＴＨＥ２１ＳＴＣＥＮＴＵＲＹＷｕＺｕｚｅ吴祖泽ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＭｉｌｉｔａｒｙＭｅｄｉｃａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１００８５０（ＷｕＺＺ）Ｔｈｅｒａｐ...

关键词：吴祖泽 FACED SCIENCES WITH MEDICAL MILITARY THE BEING century

Some Thoughts on the Construction of the 21 st century Maritime Silk Road

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现代国际关系 2015年第3期 63-64页

As an integral component of the ＂One Belt and One Road＂ strategic vision, the construction of the 21st century Maritime Silk Road will reflect the developing path of China＇ s maritime geo-economy with significant polit- ical and diplomatic implications. Although the construction of the new maritime silk road has its？ endogenous logic and justified considerations, it will encounter various challenges and difficulties. In order to achieve the strategic goal of setting up a community？ of common interest and？ destiny with the relative countries, the ＂Maritime Silk Road＂ program has to be advanced cautiously with the principles of wide consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits.

关键词： 21st century Maritime Silk Road, Maritime geo-economy, challenges, route choices

Gastroenterology in the next century:megatrends in science and practice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1998年第S1期4卷 9-11页

Ｉｒｅａｌｉｚｅｔｈａｔｍｙｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｍａｙｈａｖｅａｓｏｍｅｗｈａｔｐｏｎｗｄｅｒｏｕｓｔｉｔｌｅ，ｉｍｐｌｙｉｎｇｔｈａｔＩｍｉｇｈｔｐｏｓｓｅｓｓａｃｒｙｓｔａｌｂａｌａｂｌｅｔｏｆｏｒｅｔｅｌｔ... 详细信息

Ｉｒｅａｌｉｚｅｔｈａｔｍｙｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｍａｙｈａｖｅａｓｏｍｅｗｈａｔｐｏｎｗｄｅｒｏｕｓｔｉｔｌｅ，ｉｍｐｌｙｉｎｇｔｈａｔＩｍｉｇｈｔｐｏｓｓｅｓｓａｃｒｙｓｔａｌｂａｌａｂｌｅｔｏｆｏｒｅｔｅｌｔｈｅｆｕｔｕｒｅ．Ｉｄｏｎｏｔ．Ｂ...

关键词： the and century next practice Gastroenterology