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Redox Changes during the Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis

Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 370-377页

作者： Christine Chang Isabelle Damiani Alain Puppo Pierre Frendo UMR INRA-Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis-CNRS 'Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale' 400 Route des Chappes BP167 06903 Sophia Antipolis CedexFrance

Reactive Oxygen Species （ROS） are continuously produced as a result of aerobic metabolism or in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. ROS are not only toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism, but are also signaling molecules involved in plant growth and environmental adaptation. Antioxidants can protect the cell from oxidative damage by scavenging the ROS. Thus, they play an important role in optimizing cell function by regulating cellular redox state and modifying gene expression. This article aims to review recent studies highlighting the role of redox signals in establishing and maintaining symbiosis between rhizobia and legumes.

关键词： Oxidative and photo-oxidative stress cell differentiation/specialization gene regulation symbiosis legume

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The Arabidopsis LFR Gene Is Required for the Formation of Anther cell Layers and Normal Expression of Key Regulatory Genes

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 993-1000页

作者： Xiu-Tang Wang Can Yuan Ting-Ting Yuan Su-Juan Cui Key Laboratory of Molecular cell Biology in Hebei Province College of Life Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050016 China

The anther is the male reproductive organ in flowering plants. Although some genes were reported to be involved in anther development, the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of these genes is unclear. Ifr-2 （leaf and flower related-2）, the null allele of Arabidopsis thaliana LFR （LEAF AND FLOWER RELATED）, was male-sterile. The anthers of Ifr-2 plants were defective in sporogenous cell formation, tapetum development, and pollen development. In agreement with these phenotypes, expression studies showed that LFR was expressed in all cell layers of the anther, and that expression was particularly strong in the tapetal cells and pollen grains, Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that LFR is required for the normal transcription of some anther development-related genes, such as AMS, CALS5, and DYT1, MS1 and MS2, and ROXY2. Genetic analysis showed that SPL was epistatic to LFR while LFR was epistatic to DYT1. We propose that LFR may be a crucial component in the regulation of a genetic network that modulates anther development.

关键词： cell differentiation/specialization gene expression gene regulation genetics reproductive biology Arabidopsis.

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Quantitative Changes in Microtubule Distribution Correlate with Guard cell Function in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 716-725页

作者： William R. Eisinger Viktor Kirik Charlotte Lewis David W. Ehrhardt Winslow R. Briggs Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA 95053 USA Department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institution for Science Stanford CA 94305 USA School of Biological Sciences Illinois State University Normal IL 61790 USA

Radially arranged cortical microtubules are a prominent feature of guard cells. We observed guard cells expressing GFP-tubulin （GFP-TUA6） with confocal microscopy and found recognizable changes in the appearance of micro- tubules when stomata open or close （Eisinger et al., 2012）. In the present study, analysis of fluorescence distribution showed a dramatic increase in peak intensities of microtubule bundles within guard cells as stomata open. This increase was correlated with an increase in the total fluorescence that could be attributed to polymerized tubulin, Adjacent pave- ment cells did not show similar changes in peak intensities or integrated fluorescence when stomatal apertures changed. Imaging of RFP-tagged end binding protein 1 （EB1） and YFP-tagged ^-tubulin expressed in the same cell revealed that the number of microtubules with growing ends remained constant, although the total amount of polymerized tubulin was higher in open than in closed guard cells. Taken together, these results indicate that the changes in microtubule array organization that are correlated with and required for normal guard cell function are characterized by changes in micro- tubule clustering or bundling.

关键词： cell differentiation/specialization cytoskeleton fluorescence imaging organelle biogenesis/function Ara- bidopsis

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