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Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance:Current understanding and future perspectives

Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio Molina Lucıa Jorda Miguel Angel Torres Marina Martın-Dacal Diego Jose Berlanga Patricia Fernandez-Calvo Elena Gomez-Rubio Sonsoles Martın-Santamarıa Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnologıa-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

Beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental *** walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental *** wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress *** cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).DAMPs are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains(ECDs)of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to activate pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and disease ***,glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)by specific ECD-PRRs triggering PTI *** number of oligosaccharides DAMPs/MAMPs identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent ***,the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs remain ***,this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-PRR family,which are involved in the perception of various molecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,Nod/MYC factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological ***,additional families of plant PRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide *** include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their ECDs(LRR-MAL RKs),Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE group(CrRLK1L)with Malectin-like domains in their ECDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and *** characterization of structural basis of glycans recogniti

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns DAMPs disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered immunity PTl pattern recognition receptor PRRs

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The endo-beta mannase MAN7 contributes to cadmium tolerance by modulating root cell wall binding capacity in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第7期65卷 1670-1686页

作者： Qi Wu Yu Ting Meng Zhi Hang Feng Ren Fang Shen Xiao Fang Zhu State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The heavy metal cadmium(Cd) is detrimental to crop growth and threatens human health through the food chain. To cope with Cd toxicity,plants employ multiple strategies to decrease Cd uptake and its root-to-shoot translocation. However, genes that participate in the Cd-induced transcriptional regulatory network, including those encoding transcription factors, remain largely unidentified. In this study, we demonstrate that ENDO-BETA-MANNASE 7(MAN7) is necessary for the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to toxic Cd levels. We show that MAN7 is responsible for mannase activity and modulates mannose content in the cell wall, which plays a role in Cd compartmentalization in the cell wall under Cd toxicity conditions. Additionally,the repression of root growth by Cd was partially reversed via exogenous application of mannose,suggesting that MAN7-mediated cell wall Cd redistribution depends on the mannose ***, we identified a basic leucine zipper(bZIP) transcription factor, bZIP44, that acts upstream of MAN7 in response to Cd *** dual-luciferase assays indicated that bZIP44 directly binds to the MAN7 promoter region and activates its transcription. Loss of bZIP44 function was associated with greater sensitivity to Cd treatment and higher accumulation of the heavy metal in roots and ***, MAN7 overexpression relieved the inhibition of root elongation seen in the bzip44mutant under Cd toxicity conditions. This study thus reveals a pathway showing that MAN7-associated Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis is controlled by bZIP44 upon Cd exposure.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana bZIP44 cadmium cell wall MAN7 mannose

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The boron transporter SiBOR1 functions in cell wall integrity, cellular homeostasis, and panicle development in foxtail millet

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 342-353页

作者： Hailong Wang Sha Tang Hui Zhi Lihe Xing Haoshan Zhang Chanjuan Tang Enbo Wang Meicheng Zhao Guanqing Jia Baili Feng Xianmin Diao State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712000ShaanxiChina Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Boron(B) is an essential micronutrient for vascular plant growth. Both B deficiency and toxicity can impair tissue development in diverse plant species, but little is known about the effect of B on reproductive panicle development and grain yield. In this study, a mutant of Setaria italica exhibiting necrotic panicle apices was identified and designated as sibor1. Sequencing revealed a candidate gene, Si BOR1, with a G-to-A alteration at the seventh exon. Knockout transgenic lines generated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and their associated protein-9 also had necrotic panicles, verifying the function of Si BOR1. Si BOR1 encoded a membrane-localized B efflux transporter, co-orthologous to the rice BOR1 protein. Si BOR1 was dominantly expressed in panicles and displayed a distinct expression pattern from those of its orthologs in other species. The induced mutation in Si BOR1 caused a reduction in the B content of panicle primary branches, and B deficiency-associated phenotypes such as thicker cell walls and higher cell porosity compared with Yugu 1. Transcriptome analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes involved in cell wall biogenesis, jasmonic acid synthesis, and programmed cell death response pathways were enriched in sibor1. q PCR analysis identified several key genes, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(Si PAL) and jasmonate-ZIM-domain(Si JAZ) genes, responsive to B-deficient conditions. These results indicate that Si BOR1 helps to regulate panicle primary branch development to maintain grain yield in S. italica. Our findings shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between B transport and plant development in S. italica.

关键词： Foxtail millet(Setaria italica) SiBOR1 cell wall Panicle development Grain yield

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Pectin Methylesterases Enhance Root cell wall Phosphorus Remobilization in Rice

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Rice science 2022年第2期29卷 179-188页

作者： WU Qi TAO Ye ZHANG Xiaolong DONG Xiaoying XIA Jixing SHEN Renfang ZHU Xiaofang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Pectin contributes greatly to cell wall phosphorus(P)***,it is currently unclear whether the methylesterification degree of the pectin,which is related to the activity of pectin methylesterases(PMEs),is also involved in this ***,we demonstrated that elevated PME activity can facilitate the remobilization of P deposited in the cell wall.P-deficient conditions resulted in the reduction of root cell wall P *** reduction was more pronounced in Nipponbare than in Kasalath,in company with a significant increment of the PME activity,indicating a possible relationship between elevated PME activity and cell wall P *** hypothesis was supported by in vitro experiments,as pectin with lower methylesterification degree had higher ability to release inorganic P(Pi)from insoluble FePO_(4).Furthermore,among the 35 OsPME members in rice,only the expression of OsPME14 showed a relationship with PME *** addition,transgenic rice lines overexpressing OsPME14 had increased PME activity,released more P from the root cell wall,and more resistant to P *** conclusion,PMEs enhance P remobilization in P-starved rice by increasing PME activity in Nipponbare,which in turn helps to remobilize P from the cell wall,and thus makes more available P.

关键词： cell wall phosphorus pectin methylesterase remobilization rice

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Fluorescent probes for glucolipid metabolism of bacterial cell wall

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Green Chemical Engineering 2023年第4期4卷 417-426页

作者： Yurou Huang Xiaoxie Ma Caimin Gao Yuan Xie Mingqiang Qiu Jun Yin Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationHubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green SynthesisInternational Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and HealthCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Resource Utilization Shaoguan512026China

cell wall is a basic component of bacteria that promotes bacteria to adapt the complicated environment as well as play an essential role in antimicrobial *** structure of bacterial cell wall is remarkably rich,and some complex components,such as peptidoglycan,lipopolysaccharide,and peptidoglycan-arabinogalactan et al.,can only be found in ***,the biosynthesis and transfer of these glycolipids are indispensable for bacteria during cell *** the process of biosynthesis and transfer are generally associated with metabolism and sophisticated enzyme ***,how the metabolic process takes place,what role enzymes play in this process and how they function have been major concerns for scientists in this *** significant progresses on fluorescent probes and biological imaging bring opportunity for the studying of metabolism and enzyme mechanisms recently due to its non-invasive and high *** this review,we focused on metabolic fluorescent probes for the detection of glycolipids in bacterial cell wall and highlighted the involving mechanisms and biological application.

关键词： Fluorescent probes Bacteria cell wall Glucolipid metabolism

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NaCl Facilitates cell wall Phosphorus Reutilization in Abscisic Acid Dependent Manner in Phosphorus Deficient Rice Root

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Rice science 2023年第2期30卷 138-147页

作者： YANG Xiaozheng LIU Yusong HUANG Jing TAO Ye WANG Yifeng SHEN Renfang ZHU Xiaofang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Land Resources and Environment Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China

Phosphorus(P) starvation in rice facilitates the reutilization of root cell wall P by enhancing the pectin content. NaCl modulates pectin content, however, it is still unknown whether NaCl is also involved in the process of pectin regulated cell wall P remobilization in rice under P starved conditions. In this study, we found that 10 mmol/L NaCl increased the shoot and root biomasses under P deficiency to a remarkable extent, in company with the elevated shoot and root soluble P contents in rice. Further analysis indicated that exogenous NaCl enhanced the root cell wall P mobilization by increasing the pectin methylesterase activity and uronic acid content in pectin suggesting the involvement of NaCl in the process of cell wall P reutilization in P starved rice roots. Additionally, exogenous NaCl up-regulated the expression of P transporter OsPT6, which was induced by P deficiency, suggesting that NaCl also facilitated the P translocation prominently from root to shoot in P starved rice. Moreover, exogenous abscisic acid(ABA) can reverse the NaCl-mediated mitigation under P deficiency, indicating the involvement of ABA in the NaCl regulated root cell wall P reutilization. Taken together, our results demonstrated that NaCl can activate the reutilization of root cell wall P in P starved rice, which is dependent on the ABA accumulation pathway.

关键词： abscisic acid cell wall NaCl phosphorus transporter phosphorus deficiency remobilization

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Brittle culm 25, which encodes an UDP-xylose synthase, affects cell wall properties in rice

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The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 733-743页

作者： Siliang Xu Mengchen Zhang Junhua Ye Dongxiu Hu Yuanyuan Zhang Zhen Li Junrong Liu Yanfei Sun Shan Wang Xiaoping Yuan Yue Feng Qun Xu Xinghua Wei Dali Zeng Yaolong Yang China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300ZhejiangChina

Because plant mechanical strength influences plant growth and development,the regulatory mechanisms underlying cell-wall synthesis deserve *** mutants are useful for such *** have identified a novel brittle culm 25(bc25)mutant with reduced growth and partial ***25 encodes an UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase involved in cellulose synthesis and belongs to the UXS family.A single-nucleotide mutation in BC25 accounts for its altered cell morphology and cellwall *** electron microscopy analysis showed that the thickness of the secondary cell wall was reduced in *** analysis revealed significant increases in content of rhamnose and arabinose but not of other monosaccharides,indicating that BC25 was involved in xylose synthesis with some level of functional *** assays suggested that BC25 functions with high activity to interconvert UDP-glucuronic acid(UDP-Glc A)and *** staining showed that BC25 was ubiquitously expressed with higher expression in culm,root and sheath,in agreement with that shown by quantitative real-time(q RT)-***-seq further suggested that BC25 is involved in sugar *** conclude that BC25 strongly influences rice cell wall formation.

关键词： Brittle culm Mechanical strength UDP-xylose cell wall Rice

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ART1 and putrescine contribute to rice aluminum resistance via OsMYB30 in cell wall modification

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第4期65卷 934-949页

作者： Li Jun Gao Xiang Pei Liu Ke Ke Gao Meng Qi Cui Hui Hui Zhu Gui Xin Li Jing Ying Yan Yun Rong Wu Zhong Jie Ding Xue Wei Chen Jian Feng Ma Nicholas PHarberd Shao Jian Zheng State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 5100642China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Agricultural Experimental Station Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Rice Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University at WenjiangChengdu 611130China Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710‐0046Japan Department of Plant Science University of OxfordOxford OX13RBUnited Kingdom

cell wall is the first physical barrier to aluminum(Al)*** of cell wall properties to change its binding capacity to Al is one of the major strategies for plant Al resistance;nevertheless,how it is regulated in rice remains largely *** this study,we show that exogenous application of putrescines(Put)could significantly restore the Al resistance of art1,a rice mutant lacking the central regulator Al RESISTANCE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1(ART1),and reduce its Al accumulation particularly in the cell wall of root *** on RNA-sequencing,yeast-onehybrid and electrophoresis mobility shift assays,we identified an R2R3 MYB transcription factor OsMYB30 as the novel target in both ART1-dependent and Put-promoted Al ***,transient dual-luciferase assay showed that ART1 directly inhibited the expression of OsMYB30,and in turn repressed Os4CL5-dependent 4-coumaric acid accumulation,hence reducing the Al-binding capacity of cell wall and enhancing Al ***,Put repressed OsMYB30 expression by eliminating Alinduced H2O2accumulation,while exogenous H2O2promoted OsMYB30 *** concluded that ART1 confers Put-promoted Al resistance via repression of OsMYB30-regulated modification of cell wall properties in rice.

关键词： ART1 cell wall 4‐coumaric acid OsMYB30 Os4CL5 putrescine

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Arabidopsis ROOT ELONGATION RECEPTOR KINASES negatively regulate root growth putatively via altering cell wall remodeling gene expression

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第8期64卷 1502-1513页

作者： Yanze Wang Weiyue Chen Yang Ou Yingying Zhu Jia Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of cell Activities and Stress Adaptations School of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐Ecosystems Institute of Innovation EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Receptor-like kinases(RLKs)play key roles in regulating various physiological aspects in plant growth and *** Arabidopsis thaliana,there are at least 223 leucine-rich repeat(LRR)*** functions of the majority of RLKs in the LRR XI subfamily were previously *** three RLKs were not *** we report that two independent triple mutants of these RLKs,named ROOT ELONGATION RECEPTOR KINASES(REKs),exhibit increased cell numbers in the root apical meristem and enhanced cell size in the elongation and maturation *** promoter activities of a number of Quiescent Center marker genes are significantly up-regulated in the triple ***,the promoter activities of several marker genes known to control root stem cell niche activities are not ***-seq analysis revealed that a number of cell wall remodeling genes are significantly up-regulated in the triple *** results suggest that these REKs play key roles in regulating root development likely via negatively regulating the expression of a number of key cell wall remodeling genes.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell expansion cell wall receptor-like kinase REK root

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Comparative analysis of fruit firmness and genes associated with cell wall metabolisms in three cultivated strawberries during ripening and postharvest

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第3期7卷 516-524页

作者：任奕博李柏君贾浩然杨肖芳孙云帆寿佳涵蒋桂华石艳娜陈昆松 College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhouChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology Zhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhouChina State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhouChina Institute of Horticulture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina

Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa),a world-famous fruit,is subjected to rapid softening during ripening,resulting in a shorter shelf life and severe economic losses during storage and ***,there is limited understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying differences in fruit firmness during ripening and postharvest among cultivated ***,we explored this molecular mechanism by comparing three cultivated strawberries via firmness measurement,transcriptome analysis,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,and correlation analysis,and revealed FaEXP7,FaPG2,FaPLA,and Faβ-Gal4 as potential softening activators expressed before harvest to determine fruit with more softened texture and shorter shelf life,and that extremely high expression levels of FaCEL1-1 and FaCEL1-3 during ripening might be accelerators to intensify this ***,both the enzyme activities of FaCEL and the expression pattern of FaCEL1-3 showed a significantly negative correlation with fruit firmness after harvest,suggesting that FaCEL1-3 might play a key role in promoting strawberry fruit softening not only during ripening but also *** results showed that the difference in fruit firmness and shelf life among cultivated strawberries was controlled by the temporal expression pattern of a legion of cell wall-associated genes during ripening and postharvest.

关键词： Fragaria×ananassa fruit cell wall softening ripening postharvest

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