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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3004-3011页

作者： Min Xu Zhao-Yang Lu Department of Ultrasound Suzhou Ninth People's HospitalSuzhou 215200Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease is associated with coronary atherosclerosis indicated by carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)thickening and altered vascular elasticity.The epicardial adipose layer can secrete proinflammatory factors that promote the formation of coronary atherosclerosis.Thus,the epicardial fat layer thickness(EAT)may also predict coronary heart disease.AIM To determine the role of common carotid artery ultrasound parameters and EAT in the early diagnosis of coronary artery disease.METHODS Based on coronary angiography,patients with newly suspected coronary heart disease were divided into case(n=107)and control(n=41)groups.The carotid ultrasound parameters,including vascular stiffness(β),elastic coefficient(EP),pulse wave conduction velocity(PWV-β),CIMT,and EAT were compared between the case and control groups and among patients with different lesion numbers in the case group.Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the early diagnostic value of EAT,common carotid artery elasticity,and CIMT for coronary heart disease.RESULTS EP,β,PWV-β,CIMT,and EAT were significantly higher in the case group compared with the levels in the control group(all Pcarotid elasticity was 0.893,and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.890 and 0.837.CONCLUSION EAT correlated well with changes in carotid artery elasticity and CIMT in patients with coronary heart disease.The combination of EAT,carotid artery elasticity,and CIMT facilitates the early diagnosis of coronary heart disease.

关键词： carotid artery Ultrasound Epicardial adipose layer thickness Coronary heart disease Early diagnosis

carotid artery Cut-Down in Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization: When and How?

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第3期17卷 313-323页

作者： Onur Doyurgan Osman Akdeniz FatihÖzdemir Yigit Kılıc Bedri Aldudak Diyarbakir Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital Pediatric Cardiovascular SurgeryDiyarbakirTurkiye Firat Universitesi Pediatric CardiologyElazigTurkiye Diyarbakir Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital Pediatric CardiologyDiyarbakirTurkiye

Background:Vascular access used for pediatric cardiac catheterization is one of the most important factors that affects the success of the procedure.We aimed to compare the effect,success,and complications of cardiac catheterizations performed by carotid cut-down or femoral puncture in newborns or young infants.Methods:We included who underwent catheterization in our department between 28 January 2017 and 15 April 2021.These patients underwent balloon aortic valvuloplasty,balloon coarctation angioplasty,ductal stenting,diagnostic procedures for aortic arch pathologies,and modified Blalock-Taussig in-shunt intervention.Patients were divided into two groups:femoral puncture(group=1)and carotid cut-down(CC,group=2).Results:Seventy-two catheterization procedures were performed in 64 patients;32(44.4%)were performed via the femoral approach and 40(55.6%)were performed via the carotid approach.Sixteen(22.2%)procedures were diagnostic and 56(77.8%)procedures were interventional.CC was performed in 13(32.5%)patients with failed femoral intervention.Patients in the CC group had shorter durations of procedure,vascular access,and anesthesia,compared with the femoral access group(80.9 and 116.2 min,p=0.001;12.9 and 22.5 min,p=0.001;140.9 and 166.6 min,p=0.001,respectively).Patients who underwent CC had fewer complications than did patients in the femoral access group(2.5%and 21.8%,respectively;p=0.01);larger sheats were used in CC patients(p=0.028).Conclusion:The carotid artery can be successfully used as a primary catheterization route,particularly in patients with small body weight and patients who require rapid vascular access,or stenting of the vertical duct.

关键词： Cardiac catheterization carotid artery cut-down pediatric cardiology surgery

Anatomic relationship of the internal jugular vein and the common carotid artery in Chinese people

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第22期123卷 3226-3230页

作者： QIN Xiao-hui ZHANG Hong MI Wei-dong Anesthesia and Operation Center Chinese People's LiberationArmy General Hospital Beijing 100853 China

Background Variations in position and relationship between the internal jugular vein （IJV） and the common carotid artery （CCA） may lead to inadvertent artery puncture which could be disastrous during central venous access. We demonstrated the anatomic relationship of the IJV with CCA in order to find the optimal site and avoid damage of CCA. Methods Two hundred and twenty surgical patients were enrolled. We analyzed the distance and relationship between the IJV and CCA at three cross sections （upper border of the thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage and second tracheal ring） by ultrasonography and then measured the diameters of the IJV and CCA and the distances from the IJV and CCA to the skin. Results Twenty patients were excluded on the basis of exclusion criteria. From up to down at bilateral neck, the IJV became gradually more superficial while the CCA became deeper. The diameter of the IJV became gradually larger while that of the CCA gradually smaller. The IJV from lateral to the CCA gradually moved to the front of the CCA, so the percent overlap of the IJV and CCA was gradually increased. Compared with the left side at the same transverse scan level, the distance between the CCA and IJV was wider at the right side and the right IJV was wider. The IJV location in 11 patients was medial to the CCA at one or more transverse scan levels. The angle between the IJV and CCA was significantly small in elderly patients. The CCA had already furcated at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage in seven patients at the right side and in 12 patients at the left side. Conclusions There are variations in the position and relationship between the IJV and CCA. It is relatively more difficult to puncture at the left side of the neck, at a lower position or in elderly patients. On the contrary, it is relatively easier to puncture at the right side, at the level of the cricoid cartilage or in younger patients.

关键词： central venous jugular veins carotid artery ultrasonography

Diagnosis and treatment of epistaxis caused by non-traumatic pseudoaneurysms of carotid artery

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第16期122卷 1955-1957页

作者： YOU Long-gui ZHANG Ke-hui ZHANG Xiao-an XIE Dong-hua YANG Ming-fu WANG Fu-hua HUANG Hai WANG Xin-tao XIAO Dao-xiong YAN Bin Department of Otolaryngology Ganzhou People's Hospital Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000 China Department of Radiology Ganzhou People's Hospital Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000 China Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina USA Massey Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Epistaxis remains one of the most common otolaryngology emergencies. Severe epistaxis may be caused by internal carotid artery （ICA） pseudoaneurysm or cavernous fistula, which is clinically rare but life threatening if it is not diagnosed and treated timely. Most ICA pseudoaneurysms are mainly caused by trauma with few other causes. From January 1998 to December 2005, a total of 8 cases with non-traumatic carotid artery pseudoaneurysm were correctly diagnosed through digital subtraction angiography （DSA） in Ganzhou People＇s Hospital. The patients had suffered from serious nose bleeding repeatedly and had been resistant to routine treatments.

关键词： epistaxis non-traumatic carotid artery pseudoaneurysm sinus angiography embolotherapy

Malignant meningioma with jugular vein invasion and carotid artery extension:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第23期8卷 6110-6121页

作者： Hui-Ying Chen Feng Zhao Jiang-Yuan Qin Hai-Mei Lin Ji-Ping Su Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Grade II and III meningiomas[World Health Organization(WHO)classification]rarely have extracranial metastases via the blood circulation;however,we experienced a case with a metaplastic atypical meningioma and local dedifferentiation that metastasized to the jugular vein,carotid artery and subclavian artery at the cervicothoracic junction.Such cases have seldom been reported before.CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 30-year-old man who developed right neck masses with dysphagia,labored breathing,dizziness,and occasional earaches.Eight months earlier the patient was diagnosed with a right parietal lobe neoplasm and hemorrhage at a local hospital due to the sudden onset of headaches and left limb weakness,and the post-operative pathology was a metaplastic atypical meningioma(WHO grade II)with local de-differentiation(WHO III).Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a calcified mass at the root of the neck on the right and a large cystic mass in the right parapharyngeal space.Head and neck angiography showed that the right common carotid artery was compressed and completely occluded,and the jugular vein was enveloped by the tumor and occluded.A balloon occlusion test showed no perfusion in the right common carotid artery.Tumor resection,carotid artery ligation,and subclavian artery reconstruction were performed.The tumor was a malignant meningioma.Postoperatively,the patient had Horner's syndrome and hoarseness.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of the link between a large cervical mass and a primary intracranial tumor.Malignant meningioma should not be considered merely as an intracranial metastasis spread through cerebrospinal fluid,it can also be transferred through the circulation to the parapharyngeal space and the cervical great vessels.

关键词： Malignant meningioma Metastasis carotid artery Jugular vein Resection and reconstruction Case report

Oxygen transfer in human carotid artery bifurcation

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2007年第3期23卷 305-309页

作者： Z. G. Zhang Y. B. Fan X. Y. Deng Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 China Department of Bioengineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083 China

Arterial bifurcations are places where blood flow may be disturbed and slow recirculation flow may occur. To reveal the correlation between local oxygen transfer and atherogenesis, a finite element method was employed to simulate the blood flow and the oxygen transfer in the human carotid artery bifurcation. Under steady-state flow conditions, the numerical simulation demonstrated a variation in local oxygen transfer at the bifurcation, showing that the convective condition in the disturbed flow region may produce uneven local oxygen transfer at the blood/wall interface. The disturbed blood flow with formation of slow eddies in the carotid sinus resulted in a depression in oxygen supply to the arterial wall at the entry of the sinus, which in turn may lead to an atherogenic response of the arterial wall, and contribute to the development of atherosclerotic stenosis there.

关键词： Atherosclerosis carotid artery Secondary flow Mass transfer

Vascular reconstruction of a ruptured and infected aneurysm of extracranial carotid artery

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第7期121卷 671-672页

作者： SONG Jin-qiu ZHANG Jian YIN Ming-di SHAN Shao-yin WU Bin DUAN Zhi-quan XIN Shi-jie Department of General Surgery Section of Vascular Surgery FirstHospital China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110001China

Extracranial carotid artery aneurysm represents an ,uncommon vascular condition with relatively higherincidence in China than in the West.1 The complication with infection and rupture is even rarer, but potentially lethal. Management of this condition is challenging but urgent because of high risks for embolization, generalized sepsis, further expansion, rupture, and life threatening.L2 We present an exceptional case of carotid aneurysm at bifurcation complicated with rupture and infection and discuss the pathogenesis and various aspects of diagnosis and surgical management.

关键词： carotid artery aneurysm rupture

The Role of NF-kB and I-kB in Intimal Proliferation Following Balloon Catheter-induced Injury in the Rat carotid artery

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2008年第1期28卷 33-36页

作者：姜昕董少廖玉华刘华东 Department of Cardiology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Cardiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University

The aim of our study was to gain insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of post-angioplasty restenosis using balloon catheter-induced injury model in the rat carotid artery. SD rats were subjected balloon catheterization at one side carotid artery as study group and another side as control group. Six rats were killed on the 6 h, and 3rd, 7th, 14th, 28th day after balloon-induced injury respectively. The intimal thickness and the expression of NF-κB and I-κB were detected by HE-staining, gel electrophoretic mobility shift assay （EMSA） and Western-blot methods. The results showed that：（1） The thickening of intima was observed on the 3rd day after balloon-induced injury, and it became more significant on the 7th, 14th and 28th day. The area ratio of intima/media was increased significantly （P〈0.05）; （2） The expression of NF-κB was not detectable in the control group, however, in study group, the expression of NF-κB was detected on the 6th h after balloon-induced injury, reached the peak on the 14th day, and on 28th day, strong expression of NF-κB was observed; （3） The expression of I-κB protein was reduced after balloon-induced injury, and there were significant differences between the study group and the control group （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that the alteration of NF-κB/I-κB system might play an important role in aberrant proliferation within the intima and vascular remodeling following vascular injury. To block NF-κB activation and its role in arterial restenosis initiation may potentially provide a novel therapeutic tool for the treatment and prevention of arterial restenosis.

关键词： balloon-induced injury carotid artery NF-κB I-κB

Research Progress in Surgical Management of Head and Neck Tumors Involving the carotid artery

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生物科学与医学(英文) 2023年第10期11卷 25-34页

作者： Fan Yang Bi Qiang The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou China

The surgeons adopt the comprehensive treatment method basing on surgery When head and neck tumors involve the carotid artery. At present, there are four surgical treatments, namely, dissection of carotid artery tumor, resection of carotid artery, revascularization after carotid resection, endoarterial implantation of covered stent combined with surgical resection. However, there is currently no consensus on the standard surgical approach to choose. This paper describes the four surgical methods, which are expected to be helpful for head and neck surgeons to choose the surgical methods for head and neck tumors involving the carotid artery.

关键词： Head and Neck Tumor carotid artery Surgical Management

Endothelial Function and carotid artery Wall Thickening in Patients with Early Essential Hypertension

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 1999年第4期19卷 288-290,303页

作者：涂玲魏炜刘晓晴邓又斌余枢 Department of Integration Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical University Wuhan

To investigate the relationship between endothelial function and carotid artery wall thickening in patients with early mild essential hypertension, the percent dilatation of humerus diameter and intimal-medial thickening (IMT) of common carotid artery was measured by using high-resolution ultrasound in 20 patients with early mild essential hypertension and 18 patients with normotension.The patients with hypertension had not been treated and their history of increased blood pressure was less than 12 months. In essential hypertension group, the percent dilatation of humerus diameter decreased significantly (2. 65 ± 0. 98 % vs6. 38 ± 1. 61 % ) ; IMT of carotid artery increased (0. 88 ± 0. 16mm vs 0. 58 ±0. 08). There was significant negative correlation between IMT and the percentdilatation of humerus diameter (γ= - 0. 82, P 0. 05). Our results suggested that there was endothelial dys-function in early mild essential hypertension. Endothelial dysfunction may not on-ly contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension but also serve as the most impor-tant inducing factor leading trans formation from hypertension to atherosclerosis.

关键词： endothelial function carotid artery hypertension ultrasound