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Gas release characteristics during carbonization of iron coke hot briquette and influence of heating rate

Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第11期30卷 2163-2172页

作者： Zi-yu Wang Dong Han Zheng-gen Liu Man-sheng Chu Yong-jie Zhang Li-feng Zhang Ji-wei Bao Ming-yu Wang School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Engineering Research Center of Frontier Technologies for Low-Carbon Steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang110819LiaoningChina Liaoning Province Engineering Research Center for Technologies of Low-Carbon Steelmaking Shenyang110819LiaoningChina

The release characteristics of CH_(4),H_(2),CO and CO_(2) from iron coke hot briquette(ICHB)during carbonization were studied.The results show that compared with briquette without iron ore,Fe_(3)O_(4) can inhibit the release rate of H2 and promote the production of CO and CO_(2).In addition,when the heating rate increases from 3 to 7℃/min,the release rates of CH4 and H2 increase,while the release rates of CO and CO_(2) first increase and then decrease.The carbonization process of ICHB was segmented,and corresponding kinetic analysis was carried out.The results show that the activation energy of StageⅡand StageⅣis higher in the carbonization process of ICHB,and the active pyrolysis of coal and the reduction of iron ore occur in these two stages.In addition,the effect of heating rate on the kinetic parameters of ICHB carbonization process was investigated.It was found that when the heating rate increased,the reaction activation energy of StageⅣdecreased first and then increased,which was consistent with the release law of CO and CO_(2).The analysis showed that the increase in heating rate leads to more reactions at higher temperatures,resulting in an increase in the release rate of some gases.In addition,thermal hysteresis can also cause some processes to fail to fully react at the end of heating.It is also found that the apparent activation energy and preexponential factor have kinetic compensation effect during the car-bonization of ICHB.

关键词： Iron coke hot briquette carbonization Gas release characteristic Heating rate Kinetics

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可控碳化废弃聚丙烯制备镍/碳纳米材料用于高效光蒸气转换

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Science China Materials 2020年第5期63卷 779-793页

作者：宋长远郝亮张博易董志月唐清泉闵嘉康赵强牛冉龚江唐涛 Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore Department of Physics Cornell UniversityNew York 14853USA State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

利用太阳能实现光蒸气转化是一项极具前景的技术,可应用于海水脱盐和淡水制备等领域.然而,从工业的角度来看,制备低成本、高效率的光热材料仍具有挑战性.本文利用聚离子液体(PIL)和氧化镍(Ni O)作为复合催化剂,实现了聚丙烯(PP)的可控碳... 详细信息

利用太阳能实现光蒸气转化是一项极具前景的技术,可应用于海水脱盐和淡水制备等领域.然而,从工业的角度来看,制备低成本、高效率的光热材料仍具有挑战性.本文利用聚离子液体(PIL)和氧化镍(Ni O)作为复合催化剂,实现了聚丙烯(PP)的可控碳化,并制备了镍/碳纳米材料(Ni/CNM).研究结果表明,加入微量的PIL可实现对Ni/CNM形貌和织态结构的调控.Ni/CNM由杯状碳纳米管(CS-CNT)和梨形镍纳米颗粒组成,二者在太阳光吸收上的协同作用使得Ni/CNM具有优异的光热转换性能.此外,Ni/CNM具有较高的比表面积和丰富的微/介/大孔,其构建的三维多孔网络可为水和蒸气的高效传输提供通道.光吸收高、水传输快和热导率低等优势,使Ni/CNM的水蒸发速率高达1.67 kg m^-2h^-1,光-蒸气转换效率高达94.9%,且重复使用10次后性能依然保持稳定.该材料同时适用于染料废水、海水和油/水乳化液等水质的纯化.其中,海水中金属离子的去除效率高达99.99%,染料去除率>99.9%.更重要的是,材料的光蒸气转换性能优于最新报道的碳基光热材料.此工作不仅提出了一种可将废弃聚合物转化为先进的金属/碳杂化物的可持续方法,同时也有助于太阳能利用和海水淡化领域的进一步研究.

关键词： solar vapor generation waste polymer controlled carbonization Ni/carbon nanomaterial synergistic effect photothermal materials

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Facile synthesis of hierarchically porous carbons by controlling the initial oxygen concentration in-situ carbonization of ZIF-8 for efficient water treatment

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第12期26卷 2523-2530页

作者： Na Zhou Yan Du Chunyu Wang Rizhi Chen State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009China College of Environment Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China

The state-of-the-art approaches for adjusting the structural characteristics of porous carbons are the aftertreatments, which are complicated and time consuming. In this work, a facile approach was developed, i.e., controlling the initial oxygen concentration in-situ during the direct carbonization of zeolitic imidazole framework-8(ZIF-8), to adjust the pore structure and prepare hierarchically porous carbons. The introduction of oxygen can significantly affect the crystalline and pore structures of porous carbons, and promote the pore widening and the formation of mesopores. An appropriate initial oxygen concentration can notably enhance the surface area and mesopore volume of porous carbon, and then improve the adsorption capacity toward methylene blue(MB) dye from water by 3.4 times. The developed approach is more efficient at lower carbonization temperature.Moreover, the introduction of oxygen can increase the ratio of HO\\C_O groups on the carbon surface, leading to enhanced interaction with MB molecules and higher adsorption capacity toward MB. The as-prepared porous carbons exhibit superior adsorption capacities toward MB dye as compared to the reported ZIF-8 derived carbons. These findings would aid the development of porous carbon materials with high performance.

关键词： Porous carbon ZIF-8 carbonization Oxygen Adsorption Water treatment

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Preparation and CO2 adsorption properties of porous carbon by hydrothermal carbonization of tree leaves

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第5期35卷 875-884页

作者： Guangzhi Yang Shen Song Jing Li Zhihong Tang Jinyu Ye Junhe Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China Shanghai Innovation Institute for Materials Shanghai 200444 China

Porous carbon materials were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization(HTC) and KOH activation of camphor leaves and camellia leaves. The morphology, pore structure, chemical properties and CO2 capture ability of the porous carbon prepared from the two leaves were compared. The effect of HTC temperature on the structure and CO2 adsorption properties was especially investigated. It was found that HTC temperature had a major effect on the structure of the product and the ability to capture CO2. The porous carbon materials prepared from camellia leaves at the HTC temperature of 240℃ had the highest proportion of microporous structure, the largest specific surface area(up to 1823.77m^2/g) and the maximum CO2 adsorption capacity of 8.30mmol/g at 25℃ under 0.4 MPa. For all prepared porous carbons, simulation results of isothermal adsorption model showed that Langmuir isotherm model described the adsorption equilibrium data better than Freundlich isotherm model. For porous carbons prepared from camphor leaves, pseudo-first order kinetic model was well fitted with the experimental data. However,for porous carbons prepared from camellia leaves, both pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics model adsorption behaviors were present. The porous carbon materials prepared from tree leaves provided a feasible option for CO2 capture with low cost, environmental friendship and high capture capability.

关键词： Porous carbon Hydrothermal carbonization KOH activation CO2 adsorption

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Upgrading the Quality of Solid Fuel Made from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) Wastes Using Hydrothermal carbonization Treatment

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Energy Engineering 2021年第1期118卷 189-197页

作者： Riina Syivarulli Nugroho Agung Pambudi Mochamad Syamsiro Lip Huat Saw Graduate Program of Vocational Teacher Education Sebelas Maret UniversitySurakarta57126Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Education Sebelas Maret UniversitySurakarta57126Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Janabadra UniversityYogyakarta55231Indonesia Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science UTARKajang43000Malaysia

One of the major problems faced in managing biomass waste to higher quality products is choosing the right technology.Wastes are used as an alternative fuel,with increase in the calorific value.Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a biomass conversion technology,used to obtain solid fuel.This study aims to utilize of Calophyllum inophyllum as an alternative solid fuel through HTC.The calorific value and proximate of the hydrochar will be determined and analyzed to find out its quality.The experiments were carried out at temperature variations of 160℃,190℃,and 220℃ and holding times of 30 and 60 minutes.The results show that an increase in temperature and holding time causes a decline in the moisture content 1.87%,volatile matter 54.03%,and ash content 12.35%,respectively,leading to elevations in the fixed carbon at 31.75%.In addition,the highest calorific value of 4149 Kcal/Kg was produced at a temperature of 220℃,within a holding time of 60 minutes.The results showed a significant increase in the quality of solid fuels between 3500–4611 Kcal/Kg in accordance with the American Standard Testing and Materials(ASTM).Therefore,this research leads to an important finding that Calophyllum inophyllum waste through the HTC process can be used as an alternative fuel to substitute lignite coal,which is environmentally friendly.

关键词： Hydrothermal carbonization solid fuel Calophyllum inophyllum Nyamplung

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Fabrication of Fe/C Composites as Effective Electromagnetic Wave Absorber by carbonization of Pre-magnetized Natural Wood Fibers

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2019年第1期4卷 43-50页

作者： Zhichao LOU Weikai WANG Chenglong YUAN Yao ZHANG Yanjun LI Lintian YANG College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and DevicesSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

With the increasing usage of varied electronic devices,the induced electromagnetic interference(EMI)irradiation pollution has become a novel environmental pollution besides of water and air pollutions,drawing a great of interests from the scientists to address EMW radiation problem via designing various electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbers,which is supposed to be with lightweight,thin thickness,wide effective absorbing bandwidth and strong absorbing capacity.One kind of the most attractive absorbers is magnetic carbon composites.Here,we successfully synthesized porous structural C/Fe composites by in-situ carbonization of pre-prepared Fe_(3)O_(4)/wood fibers at 1000℃.The EMW absorption property of C/Fe composites is excellent with a minimum RL value of-32.67 dB at 9.86 GHz,a matching thickness of 2.2 mm and a wide response bandwidth of 14.5 GHz.This excellent absorption performance is proved to be due to the continuous network of Fe_(3)O_(4)/Fe/Fe_(3)C hybrids,permitting optimal impedance matching,the strongest dielectric loss and the optimal magnetic loss.Moreover,the interface polarizations of Fe-Fe_(3)C and Fe_(3)O_(4)-Fe interfaces,are positive to improve the microwave absorption performance.

关键词： carbonization magnetic bio-char electromagnetic wave absorption cementite composite

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Enigmatic Glass-Like Carbon from the Alpine Foreland, Southeast Germany: A Natural carbonization Process

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第6期92卷 2179-2200页

作者： Tatyana G. SHUMILOVA Sergey I. ISAENKO Vasily V. ULYASHEV Boris A. MAKEEV Michael A. RAPPENGLüCK Aleksey A. VELIGZHANIN Kord ERNSTSON Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Pervomayskaya st.54Syktyvkar167982Russia Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology University of Hawaii at Manoa1680 East-West RoadHonoluluHI96822USA Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies GilchingGermany National Research Center 《Kurchatov Institute》 Akademika Kurchatova pl.1Moscow123182Russia Faculty of Philosophy I University of WürzburgGermany

Unusual carbonaceous matter, termed here chiemite, composed of more than 90% C from the Alpine Foreland at Lake Chiemsee in Bavaria, southeastern Germany has been investigated using optical and atomic force microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, as well as by δ13 C and 14 C radiocarbon isotopic data analysis. In the pumice-like fragments, poorly ordered carbon matter co-exists with high-ordering monocrystalline α-carbyne, and contains submicrometersized inclusions of complex composition. Diamond and carbyne add to the peculiar mix of matter. The required very high temperatures and pressures for carbyne formation point to a shock event probably from the recently proposed Holocene Chiemgau meteorite impact. The carbon material is suggested to have largely formed from heavily shocked coal, vegetation like wood, and peat from the impact target area. The carbonization/coalification high PT process may be attributed to a strong shock that instantaneously caused the complete evaporation and loss of volatile matter and water, which nevertheless preserved the original cellular structure seen fossilized in many fragments. Relatively fresh wood encapsulated in the purported strongly shocked matter point to quenched carbon melt components possibly important for the discussion of survival of organic matter in meteorite impacts, implying an astrobiological relationship.

关键词： astrobiology diamond carbyne coalification carbonization meteorite impact chiemite

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Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbons through Direct carbonization of a MetaI-Biomolecule Framework for Supercapacitor

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2016年第2期34卷 203-209页

作者： Jianhui Zhang Daliang Zhang Guanghui Dai Qianrong Fang Shilun Qiu State Key Laboratory oflnorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Zhuhai College of Jilin University Zhuhai Guangdong 519041 China

Nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbons have been successfully synthesized by direct carbonization of a nitrogen- rich metal-biomolecule framework, zinc glutamate （Zn（HzO）（CsHyNO4）-H20）, as a template without any additional carbon or nitrogen sources. The surface area and pore size distribution of the resultant carbon materials were studied based on the carbonization temperature. These carbons exhibited high specific surface area （as high as 1619.2 m2og i for ZGC-1000）. Furthermore, ZGC-1000 also provided a large specific capacitance of 140.8 F·g^- 1 at a current density of 0.25 A·g^-1 when measured in a three-electrode system. It is believed that the presence of the nitro- gen-doped nanoporous carbons prepared from the metal-organic frameworks will further facilitate the exploration of such materials as supercapacitors.

关键词： nitrogen-doping nanoporous carbons metal-biomolecule framework carbonization supercapacitor

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Controllable Condensation of Aromatics and Its Mechanisms in carbonization

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 34-46页

作者： Fan Xi Wang Chunlu Luo Yang Ren Qiang Shen Haiping Long Jun Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

In order to obtain liquefied products with higher yields of aromatic molecules to produce mesophase pitch,a good understanding of the relevant reaction mechanisms is required.Reactive molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the thermal reactions of pyrene,1-methylpyrene,7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzopyrene,and mixtures of pyrene with 1-octene,cyclohexene,or styrene.The reactant conversion rates,reaction rates,and product distributions were calculated and compared,and the mechanisms were analyzed and discussed.The results demonstrated that methyl and naphthenic structures in aromatics might improve the conversion rates of reactants in hydrogen transfer processes,but their steric hindrances prohibited the generation of high polymers.The naphthenic structures could generate more free radicals and presented a more obvious inhibition effect on the condensation of polymers compared with the methyl side chains.It was discovered that when different olefins were mixed with pyrene,1-octene primarily underwent pyrolysis reactions,whereas cyclohexene mainly underwent hydrogen transfer reactions with pyrene and styrene,mostly producing superconjugated biradicals through condensation reactions with pyrene.In the mixture systems,the olefins scattered aromatic molecules,hindering the formation of pyrene trimers and higher polymers.According to the reactive molecular dynamics simulations,styrene may enhance the yield of dimer and enable the controlled polycondensation of pyrene.

关键词： carbonization controllable condensation aromatics mechanisms molecular simulation

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Augmenting Intrinsic Fenton-Like Activities of MOF-Derived Catalysts via N-Molecule-Assisted Self-catalyzed carbonization

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Nano-Micro Letters 2019年第4期11卷 536-548页

作者： Chengdong Yang Mi Zhou Chao He Yun Gao Shuang Li Xin Fan Yi Lin Fei Cheng Puxin Zhu Chong Cheng Textile Institute College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China Functional Materials Department of ChemistryTechnische University BerlinHardenbergstraβe 4010623 BerlinGermany Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universitat BerlinTakustrasse 314195 BerlinGermany

To overcome the ever-growing organic pollutions in the water system,abundant efforts have been dedicated to fabricating efficient Fenton-like carbon catalysts.However,the rational design of carbon catalysts with high intrinsic activity remains a long-term goal.Herein,we report a new N-molecule-assisted self-catalytic carbonization process in augmenting the intrinsic Fenton-like activity of metal-organic-framework-derived carbon hybrids.During carbonization,the N-molecules provide alkane/ammonia gases and the formed iron nanocrystals act as the in situ catalysts,which result in the elaborated formation of carbon nanotubes(in situ chemical vapor deposition from alkane/iron catalysts)and micro-/meso-porous structures(ammonia gas etching).The obtained catalysts exhibited with abundant Fe/Fe-Nx/pyridinic-N active species,micro-/meso-porous structures,and conductive carbon nanotubes.Consequently,the catalysts exhibit high efficiency toward the degradation of different organic pollutions,such as bisphenol A,methylene blue,and tetracycline.This study not only creates a new pathway for achieving highly active Fenton-like carbon catalysts but also takes a step toward the customized production of advanced carbon hybrids for diverse energy and environmental applications.

关键词： Carbon catalysts Metal-organic-framework Self-catalytic carbonization Fenton-like reactions Organic pollutions

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