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Fluid-rock interaction experiments with andesite at 100℃ for potential carbon storage in geothermal reservoirs

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 369-382页

作者： Grace E.Belshaw Elisabeth Steer Yukun Ji Herwin Azis Benyamin Sapiie Bagus Muljadi Veerle Vandeginste School of Chemistry University of NottinghamNottinghamUK GeoEnergy Research Centre University of NottinghamNottinghamUK British Geological Survey KeyworthUK State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouChina PT Supreme Energy JakartaIndonesia Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi BandungBandungIndonesia Faculty of Engineering University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Department of Materials Engineering KU LeuvenCampus BrugesBrugesBelgium

Geothermal energy extraction often results in the release of naturally occurring carbon dioxide(CO_(2))as a *** on carbon storage using volcanic rock types other than basalt under both acidic and elevated temperature conditions has been limited so *** study uses batch reactor experiments at 100℃ to investigate the dissolution of andesite rock samples obtained from an active geothermal reservoir in Sumatra(Indonesia).The samples are subjected to reactions with neutral-pH fluids and acidic fluids,mimicking the geochemical responses upon reinjection of geothermal fluids,either without or with dissolved acidic gases,*** elemental analysis reveals the release of Ca^(2+)ions into the fluids through the dissolution of *** overall dissolution rate of the rock samples is 2.4×10^(–11)to 4.2×10^(–11)mol/(m^(2)·s),based on the Si release during the initial 7 h of the *** dissolution rates are about two orders of magnitude lower than those reported for basaltic rocks under similar reaction *** study offers valuable insights into the potential utilization of andesite reservoirs for effective CO_(2) storage via mineralization.

关键词： andesite carbon sequestration geothermal reservoirs plagioclase dissolution

Synergistic Interactions of Soil and Vegetation in Agroforestry Systems in Mitigating Climate Change in Upper East Region, Ghana

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 140-162页

作者： Joshua A. Adombire Abdul-Wahab M. Imoro Eunice Essel Nang B. Douti Department of Environmental Science C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Forestry and Forest Resources Management University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

Climate change has been a global pandemic with its adverse impacts affecting environments and livelihoods. This has been largely attributed to anthropogenic activities which generate large amounts of Green House Gases (GHGs), notably carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) among others. In the Upper East of Ghana, climate change manifests in erratic rainfalls, drought, high temperatures, high wind speeds, high intensity rainfall, windstorms, flooding, declining vegetation cover, perennial devastating bushfires etc. Practices such as burning farm residues, use of dung as fuel for cooking, excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers, and deforestation that are prevalent in the region exacerbate the situation. Although, efforts made by governmental and none-governmental organizations to mitigate climate change through afforestation, agroforestry and promotion of less fuelwood consuming cook stoves, land management practices antagonize these efforts as more CO2 is generated than the carrying capacity of vegetation in the region. Research findings have established the role of trees and soil in carbon sequestration in mitigating climate. However, there is limited knowledge on how the vegetation and soil in agroforestry interplay in mitigation climate change. It is against this background that this review seeks to investigate how vegetation and soil in an agroforestry interact synergistically to sequester carbon and contribute to mitigating climate change in Upper East region of Ghana. In this review, it was discovered soil stored more carbon than vegetation in an agroforestry system and is much effective in mitigating climate change. It was found out that in order to make soil and vegetation in an agroforestry system interact synergistically to effectively mitigate climate change, Climate Smart Agriculture practice which integrates trees, and perennials crops effectively mitigates climate. The review concluded that tillage practices that ensure r

关键词： Climate Change carbon sequestration Agroforestry Photosynthesis Nutrient Mining Synergistic

Climate change reductions in lake ice cover duration and thickness help regulate the carbon sink potential of plateau type lakes

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National Science Open 2024年第5期3卷 114-129页

作者： Di Shen Yafeng Wang Junjie Jia Shuoyue Wang Kun Sun Yang Gao College of Earth and Environment Science Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources (TPESER) Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Lake ice changes in winter under the influence of global climate change, but how lake ice changes will regulate water gross primary productivity（GPP） and carbon sequestration capacity is still unclear. Here, we evaluated and analyzed the geographic spatial pattern and dynamic changes of lake ice and GPP on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau（QTP） in the past 20 *** show that lake ice duration on the QTP is 123.36±2.43 d on average, although longer for lakes at higher altitudes, of moderate size, and with shallower depths. Lake ice thickness is between 55–66 cm on average, and its GPP on the QTP is between 0.17–3.35 g C m-2d-1. In the context of global climate change, reductions in lake ice cover duration and changes in ice thickness on the QTP increased phytoplankton GPP during the winter freeze period while decreasing carbon dioxide（CO2）emissions during the melting period.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau lake ice gross primary productivity carbon sequestration

2010-2060年中国森林生态系统固碳速率省际不平衡及其调控策略

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2023年第1期33卷 3-17页

作者：蔡伟祥徐丽李明旭孙建新何念鹏 School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

Forest ecosystem, as a predominant component of terrestrial ecosystems in view of carbon sinks, has a high potential for carbon sequestration. Accurately estimating the carbon sequestration rate in forest ecosystems at provincial level, is a prerequisite and basis for scientifically formulating the technical approaches of carbon neutrality and the associated regulatory policies in China. However, few researches on future carbon sequestration rates(CSRs) for Chinese forest ecosystems for provincial-level regions(hereafter province) have been reported, especially for forest soils. In this study, we quantitatively assessed the carbon sequestration rates of existing forest ecosystems of all the provinces from 2010 to 2060 using the Forest carbon sequestration model(FCS), in combination with large quantities of field-measured data in China under three future climate scenarios(RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5). Results showed that CSRs across provinces varied from 0.01 TgC a^(-1) to 36.74 TgC a^(-1), with a mean of 10.09±0.43 TgC a^(-1). Inter-provincial differences have been observed in forest CSRs. Regarding the spatial variations in CSRs on a unit area basis within provinces, the eastern region provinces have a larger capacity for sequestration than the western region, while the western region has greater CSR per unit GDP and per capita. Moreover, there are significant negative correlations between the CSRs per capita in each province and the corresponding GDP per capita, under the assumption that GDP per capita is constant in the future across provinces. In summary, there is a significant regional imbalance in CSR among provinces. Special technological and policy interventions are required to realize carbon sink potential sustainably. An overlap in China’s poorer areas and areas with stronger carbon sinks has indicated that existing policies to support traditional carbon trading are insufficient. Regulatory measures such as “regional carbon compensation” must be adopted urg

关键词： forest carbon cycle carbon sequestration carbon sink imbalance sustainability carbon neutrality carbon trading

Soil carbon sequestrations in Forest Soils in Relation to Parent Material and Soil Depth in South-Eastern Nigeria

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American Journal of Climate Change 2020年第4期9卷 400-409页

作者： Chinonso Millicent Chris-Emenyonu Emmanuel Uzoma Onweremadu John Didacus Njoku Chioma Mildred Ahukaemere Benarden Ngozi Aririguzo Department of Soil Science and Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Environmental Management Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

There has been increased interest in soil organic carbon in recent times because of its role in carbon sequestration. Different parent materials affect soil properties and hence will influence how much carbon is sequestered by soil. The study was conducted in June 2019 to investigate soil carbon stock in forest soils with respect to their parent materials in three States in South-eastern Nigeria. Sampling was aided by the location map of the area and free soil survey method was used to locate sampling points. 0ne profile was dug in each location and described using the Food and Agricultural Organization guideline. A total of twelve soil samples were collected and analyzed for selected properties. Results showed that sand content was significantly higher in soils under coastal plain sands (851.96 g·kg−1) and was lowest in soils of Imo clay shale (605.60 g·kg−1). Clay content was higher in soils of Imo clay shale (277.34 g·kg−1) and was lowest in coastal plain sand (118.80 g·kg−1). Silt and clay had moderate variation in coastal plain sand (>15 ≤ 35%) and high variations in Asu River and Imo clay shale (CV > 35%). The soils studied were generally acidic with values ranging (3.52) in soils formed from coastal plain sand, followed by forest soils of Imo clay shale (3.64) and Asu river group (3.85). Soil organic carbon

关键词： carbon sequestration Forest Soils Parent material Soil Depth

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of carbon sequestrations in the Conterminous United States

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 169-176页

作者： Joonghyeok Heo John M.DeCicco Physical Sciences Department University of Texas Permian BasinOdessaTX 79762USA Energy Institute University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

This study develops geospatial analysis of terrestrial carbon exchange for the conterminous United State and estimates large-scale NEP （net ecosystem production） dynamic from 2008 to 2013. We apply land-use and land-cover data in order to coherently include cropland, forest, wetland and other ecologically active landscapes in the mapping. Our results show a distribution of high harvest carbon release in the Corn Belt states, in addition to hot spots around the US in areas like Southern California and Arizona. Harvest carbon is low in areas in the southern United States, and central/southern Appalachian Mountains. We identify NEP changes for coupled agricultural, forest and other high-carbon-uptake ecosystems systems, conversions to and from crop, and land in frequent conversion among forest, wetland, pasture and rangeland. Findings from this study will provide important information to support and promote the co-production of science and decision-making.

关键词： Spatial analysis carbon sequestration temporal change net ecosystem productivity.

Cattle manure biochar and earthworm interactively affected CO_(2)and N_(2)O emissions in agricultural and forest soils:Observation of a distinct difference

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第3期16卷 147-159页

作者： Xiaoqiang Gong Jinbiao Li Scott X.Chang Qian Wu Zhengfeng An Chengpeng Huang Xiangyang Sun Suyan Li Hui Wang Department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2E3Canada College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of AgricultureCollege of GrasslandResources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010011China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an 311300China

The application of manure-derived biochar offers an alternative to avoid the direct application of manure to soil causing greenhouse gas *** fauna,especially earthworms,can markedly stimulate carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions from *** study therefore investigated the effect of cattle manure biochar(added at rates of 0,2%,or 10%,coded as BC0,BC2 and BC10,respectively)application,with or without earthworm Aporrectodea turgida,on emissions of CO_(2) and N_(2)O and changes of physic-chemical properties of agricultural and forest soils in a laboratory incubation *** BC10 treatment significantly enhanced cumulative CO_(2) emissions by 27.9%relative to the untreated control in the agricultural *** the contrary,the BC2 and BC10 treatments significantly reduced cumulative CO_(2) emissions by 16.3%–61.1%and N_(2)O emissions by 92.9%–95.1%compared to the untreated control in the forest *** addition of earthworm alone significantly enhanced the cumulative CO_(2) and N_(2)O fluxes in agricultural and forest *** CO_(2) and N_(2)O fluxes were significantly increased when BC2 and BC10 were applied with earthworm in the agricultural soil,but were significantly reduced when BC10 was applied with earthworm in the forest *** study demonstrated that biochar application interacted with earthworm to affect CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions,which were also dependent on the soil type *** study suggests that manure biochar application rate and use of earthworm need to be carefully studied for specific soil types to maximize the climate change mitigation potential of such management practices.

关键词： carbon sequestration Forest soil Cattle manure biochar Greenhouse gas emissions Soil fauna

Soil resource availability impacts microbial response to organic carbon and inorganic nitrogen inputs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 705-710页

作者： ZHANG Wei-jian W.ZHU S.HU Department of Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Department of Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27605 USA Department of Biological Sciences State University of New YorkBinghamton Binghamton NY 13902 USA

Impacts of newly added organic carbon （C） and inorganic nitrogen （N） on the microbial utilization of soil organic matter are important in determining the future C balance of terrestrial ecosystems. We examined microbial responses to cellulose and ammonium nitrate additions in three soils with very different C and N availability. These soils included an organic soil（ 14.2% total organic C, with extremely high extractable N and low labile C）, a forest soi1（4.7% total organic C, with high labile C and extremely low extractable N）, and a grassland soil（1.6% total organic C, with low extractable N and labile C）. While cellulose addition alone significantly enhanced microbial respiration and biomass C and N in the organic and grassland soils, it accelerated only the microbial respiration in the highly-N limited forest soil. These results indicated that when N was not limited, C addition enhanced soil respiration by stimulating both microbial growth and their metabolic activity, New C inputs lead to elevated C release in all three soils, and the magnitude of the enhancement was higher in the organic and grassland soils than the forest soil. The addition of cellulose plus N to the forest and grassland soils initially increased the microbial biomass and respiration rates, but decreased the rates as time progressed. Compared to cellulose addition alone, cellulose plus N additions increased the total C-released in the grassland soil, but not in the forest soil. The enhancement of total C- released induced by C and N addition was less than 50% of the added-C in the forest soil after 96 d of incubation, in contrast to 87.5% and 89.0% in the organic and grassland soils. These results indicate that indigenous soil C and N availability substantially impacts the allocation of organic C for microbial biomass growth and/or respiration, potentially regulating the turnover rates of the new organic C inputs.

关键词： cellulose inorganic nitrogen microbial biomass microbial activity carbon sequestration

A large carbon sink induced by the implementation of the largest afforestation program on Earth

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 598-607页

作者： Jiaojun Zhu Yirong Sun Xiao Zheng Kai Yang G.Geoff Wang Chaozong Xia Tao Sun Jinxin Zhang Qingyuan Forest CERN CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Management of Non-Commercial Forests Shenyang 110016LiaoningChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634-0317USA Academy of Forestry-Grassland Inventory and Planning Beijing 100013China

Background Three-North Afforestation Program(TNAP)in China is the largest ecological restoration project on Earth(ongoing from 1978 to 2050),harboring a huge area of newly planted forests,which provides a wealth of goods and ecosystem services that benefit society at levels ranging from region to East *** project-induced carbon(C)sink has been expected to be large,but its size and location remain *** In this study,we investigated the changes in the C stocks of biomass,soil C and the C accumulation ben-efited from the ecological effects in the project areas from 1978 to 2017 within the Three-North regions(4.069×10^(6)km^(2)),and evaluated its project-induced C *** a combination of remote sensing images,field obser-vations and national forest inventory data,we estimated a total ecosystem sink of 47.06 Tg C per year(1 Tg=10^(12)g)increased by the TNAP ***,we first found that the C sink via the ecological effects of this project could contribute to a high proportion up to 15.94%,indicating a critical role of ecological effects in shaping the distribution of C stocks in the protective *** finding suggests that it is necessary to explicitly consider carbon sequestration benefited from the ecological effects when estimating C sink and parameterizing C models of the restoration projects in China and *** Our results update the estimates of C pools in the world’s largest ecological restoration project area,demonstrating that this project has substantially contributed to mitigating the climate change.

关键词： Three-North Afforestation Program carbon sequestration Ecological restoration carbon sequestration benefited from the ecological effects

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