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Potential evaluation of saline aquifers for the geological storage of carbon dioxide: A case study of saline aquifers in the Qian-5 member in northeastern Ordos Basin

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 12-25页

作者： Yan Li Peng Li Hong-jun Qu Gui-wen Wang Xiao-han Sun Chang Ma Tian-xing Yao Guoneng Jinjie Energy Co. Ltd.Shenmu 719319China Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China carbon neutrality College(Yulin) Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of carbon Capture and Storage Technology Xi’an 710069China

The well-developed coal electricity generation and coal chemical industries have led to huge carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions in the northeastern Ordos Basin.The geological storage of CO_(2) in saline aquifers is an effective backup way to achieve carbon neutrality.In this case,the potential of saline aquifers for CO_(2) storage serves as a critical basis for subsequent geological storage project.This study calculated the technical control capacities of CO_(2) of the saline aquifers in the fifth member of the Shiqianfeng Formation(the Qian-5 member)based on the statistical analysis of the logging and the drilling and core data from more than 200 wells in the northeastern Ordos Basin,as well as the sedimentary facies,formation lithology,and saline aquifer development patterns of the Qian-5 member.The results show that(1)the reservoirs of saline aquifers in the Qian-5 member,which comprise distributary channel sand bodies of deltaic plains,feature low porosities and permeabilities;(2)The study area hosts three NNE-directed saline aquifer zones,where saline aquifers generally have a single-layer thickness of 3‒8 m and a cumulative thickness of 8‒24 m;(3)The saline aquifers of the Qian-5 member have a total technical control capacity of CO_(2) of 119.25×10^(6) t.With the largest scale and the highest technical control capacity(accounting for 61%of the total technical control capacity),the Jinjie-Yulin saline aquifer zone is an important prospect area for the geological storage of CO_(2) in the saline aquifers of the Qian-5 member in the study area.

关键词： carbon burial carbon neutral CO_(2) storage in saline aquifer Distributary channel sand body Potential evaluation Technical control capacity CO_(2)geological storage engineering Ordos Basin

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The Chinese carbon-neutral Goal:Challenges and Prospects

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第8期39卷 1229-1238,I0027-I0030页

作者： Ning ZENG Kejun JIANG Pengfei HAN Zeke HAUSFATHER Junji CAO Daniel KIRK-DAVIDOFF Shaukat ALI Sheng ZHOU Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary CenterUniversity of MarylandCollege Park 20742MarylandUSA State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Energy Research Institute National Development and Reform CommissionBeijing 100045China carbon neutrality Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Breakthrough Institute Oakland 94612CaliforniaUSA Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Global Change Impact Study Centre Ministry of Climate ChangeIslamabad 45250Pakistan Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

On 22 September 2020,within the backdrop of the COVID-19 global pandemic,China announced its climate goal for peak carbon emissions before 2030 and to reach carbon neutrality before 2060.This carbon-neutral goal is generally considered to cover all anthropogenic greenhouse gases.The planning effort is now in full swing in China,but the pathway to decarbonization is unclear.The needed transition towards non-fossil fuel energy and its impact on China and the world may be more profound than its reform and development over the past 40 years,but the challenges are enormous.Analysis of four representative scenarios shows significant differences in achieving the carbon-neutral goal,particularly the contribution of non-fossil fuel energy sources.The high target values for nuclear,wind,and bioenergy have approached their corresponding resource limitations,with solar energy being the exception,suggesting solar’s critical role.We also found that the near-term policies that allow for a gradual transition,followed by more drastic changes after 2030,can eventually reach the carbon-neutral goal and lead to less of a reduction in cumulative emissions,thus inconsistent with the IPCC 1.5°C scenario.The challenges and prospects are discussed in the historical context of China’s socio-economic reform,globalization,international collaboration,and development.

关键词： carbon neutral carbon dioxide reductions energy system transformation distributed energy system model projections

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碳中和背景下基于g-C_(3)N_(4)光催化CO_(2)还原的研究进展与挑战

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Science China Materials 2024年第6期67卷 1740-1764页

作者：展海银周睿人刘可望马志辉王鹏飞展思辉周启星 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre/College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M University126 Hobgood2117 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843-2117USA

全球变暖对人类的生产生活造成了严重的威胁,已成为当今世界面临的重大挑战之一.碳中和这一重要举措能够有效缓解全球变暖的进程,在这一背景下光催化CO_(2)还原可有效减少碳排放且促进碳循环.g-C_(3)N_(4)因其制备工艺简单、稳定性高、... 详细信息

全球变暖对人类的生产生活造成了严重的威胁,已成为当今世界面临的重大挑战之一.碳中和这一重要举措能够有效缓解全球变暖的进程,在这一背景下光催化CO_(2)还原可有效减少碳排放且促进碳循环.g-C_(3)N_(4)因其制备工艺简单、稳定性高、能带位置适宜以及优异的光催化性能而备受关注.因此,提高g-C_(3)N_(4)光催化CO_(2)还原效率是当前研究的热点问题.本文重点探究了碳中和对于全球生态平衡和环境可持续发展的重要性以及在碳中和背景下g-C_(3)N_(4)光催化CO_(2)还原的重要作用和发展前景;综述了目前解决限制g-C_(3)N_(4)光催化CO_(2)还原瓶颈问题的方法和技术手段.对g-C_(3)N_(4)在光催化CO_(2)还原领域存在的问题进行讨论,提出了未来的研究方向,并进行展望.本综述旨在为碳中和背景下基于g-C_(3)N_(4)催化剂光催化CO_(2)还原的应用提供理论支持,为基于g-C_(3)N_(4)高效CO_(2)还原光催化剂的设计提供思路.

关键词： carbon neutral photocatalysis CO_(2)reduction gra-phitic carbon nitride modification strategy

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Distribution Network Optimization Model of Industrial Park with Distributed Energy Resources under the carbon neutral Targets

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Energy Engineering 2023年第12期120卷 2741-2760页

作者： Xiaobao Yu Kang Yang College of Economics and Management Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai200090China

Taking an industrial park as an example,this study aims to analyze the characteristics of a distribution network that incorporates distributed energy resources(DERs).The study begins by summarizing the key features of a distribution network with DERs based on recent power usage data.To predict and analyze the load growth of the industrial park,an improved back-propagation algorithm is employed.Furthermore,the study classifies users within the industrial park according to their specific power consumption and supply requirements.This user segmentation allows for the introduction of three constraints:node voltage,wire current,and capacity of DERs.By incorporating these constraints,the study constructs an optimization model for the distribution network in the industrial park,with the objective of minimizing the total operation and maintenance cost.The primary goal of these optimizations is to address the needs of DERs connected to the distribution network,while simultaneously mitigating their potential adverse impact on the network.Additionally,the study aims to enhance the overall energy efficiency of the industrial park through more efficient utilization of resources.

关键词： Distributed energy resources improved back-propagation algorithm multi-population genetic algorithm distribution energy carbon neutral

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Types of Countryside carbon Source and carbon Sink against the Background of carbon neutral and Corresponding Strategies

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Journal of Landscape Research 2022年第6期14卷 84-88页

作者： ZHANG Jin LIU Ziheng North China University of Technology Beijing 100144China

Countryside is rich in large-scale blue and green spaces such as woodland, farmland, grassland and water, which means a great potential of carbon sink. Rural architecture still has a long way to go in terms of low-carbon construction, which makes countryside carbon source and carbon sink significant in researches and practices of realizing objectives of carbon neutral. In view of the problems of current researches on rural carbon source and carbon sink, such as indistinct rural characteristics, incomplete system construction, this paper through sorting out these researches systematically classified the types of countryside carbon source and carbon sink, proposed corresponding strategies, made prospects on researches and practices of countryside carbon source and carbon sink, so as to provide references for future researches.

关键词： carbon neutral Countryside carbon source carbon sink Type Strategy

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Enhancing Fe content tolerance in A356 alloys for achieving low carbon footprint aluminum structure castings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第30期161卷 180-191页

作者： Guodong Niu Jianfeng Wang Jinwen Ye Jian Mao College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China China Science Lab General Motor’s Global Research and DevelopmentShanghai 201206China

Low carbon footprint aluminum structure castings are the mainstream development direction of alu-minum alloys in the future.Enhancing the Fe content tolerance upper limit in casting aluminum alloys is considered an effective way to promote the application of recycled aluminum production.In this work,it was found that with the Ce and TiCN NPs(nanoparticles)addition simultaneously to A356 alloys,the acicular Fe-rich phases(β-Al 5 FeSi)which damages the properties can be changed into beneficial phases(core-shell heterostructures)for the alloy,and hence the mechanical properties of A356 alloys can be im-proved.The TiCN nanoparticles and rare element Ce play crucial roles in the formation of core-shell het-erostructures.The formation mechanism of core-shell heterostructure was also systematically researched from the perspective of thermodynamics and kinetics.This study provides a simple and feasible strategy to eliminate the harmful effects of Fe impurity and contributes to the industrialization of low carbon footprint aluminum structure castings.

关键词： A356 casting aluminum alloys Heterostructure carbon neutral TiCN nano particles Mechanical properties

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Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction towards industrial applications

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carbon Energy 2023年第1期5卷 154-180页

作者： Dezhi Xu Kangkang Li Baohua Jia Wenping Sun Wei Zhang Xue Liu Tianyi Ma Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials Liaoning UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China CSIRO Energy Mayfield WestNew South WalesAustralia College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijingChina School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangPR China

Recently,research on the electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has attracted considerable attention due to its potential to resolve environmental problems caused by CO_(2) while utilizing clean energy and producing high‐value‐added products.Considerable theoretical research in the lab has demonstrated its feasibility and prospect.However,industrialization is mandatory to realize the economic and social value of eCO_(2)RR.For industrial application of eCO_(2)RR,more criteria have been proposed for eCO_(2)RR research,including high current density(above 200 mA cm^(−2)),high product selectivity(above 90%),and long‐term stability.To fulfill these criteria,the eCO_(2)RR system needs to be systematically designed and optimized.In this review,recent research on eCO_(2)RR for industrial applications is summarized.The review starts with focus on potential industrial catalysts in eCO_(2)RR.Next,potential industrial products are proposed in eCO_(2)RR.These products,including carbon monoxide,formic acid,ethylene,and ethanol,all have high market demand,and have shown high current density and product selectivity in theoretical research.Notably,the innovative components and strategy for industrializing the eCO_(2)RR system are also highlighted here,including flow cells,seawater electrolytes,solid electrolytes,and a two‐step method.Finally,some instructions and possible future avenues are presented for the prospects of future industrial application of eCO_(2)RR.

关键词： carbon dioxide reduction carbon neutral electrocatalysis industrial application

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Wastewater treatment meets artificial photosynthesis:Solar to green fuel production,water remediation and carbon emission reduction

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第4期16卷 157-160页

作者： Zhida Li Lu Lu State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Current wastewater treatment(WWT)is energy-intensive and leads to vast CO_(2) emissions.Chinese pledge of“double carbon”target encourages a paradigm shift from fossil fiiels use to renewable energy harvesting during WWT.In this context,hybrid microbial photoelectrochemical(MPEC)system integrating microbial electrochemical WWT with artificial photosynthesis(APS)emerges as a promising approach to tackle water-energy-carbon challenges simultaneously.Herein,we emphasized the significance to implement energy recovery during WWT for achieving the carbon neutrality goal.Then,we elucidated the working principle of MPEC and its advantages compared with conventional APS,and discussed its potential in fulfilling energy self-sustaining WWT,carbon capture and solar fuel production.Finally,we provided a strategy to judge the carbon profit by analysis of energy and carbon fluxes in a MPEC using several common organics in wastewater.Overall,MPEC provides an alternative of WWT approach to assist carbon-neutral goal,and simultaneously achieves solar harvesting,conversion and storage.

关键词： Wastewater treatment Artificial photosynthesis Microbial photoelectrochemical(MPEC)system carbon neutral Renewable energy

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RepDDNet:a fast and accurate deforestation detection model with high-resolution remote sensing image

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2013-2033页

作者： Zhipan Wang Zhongwu Wang Dongmei Yan Zewen Mo Hua Zhang Qingling Zhang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Microsatellite Constellation Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Changsha University of Science&Technology ChangshaPeople’s Republic of China

Forest is the largest carbon reservoir and carbon absorber on earth.Thus,mapping forest cover change accurately is of great significance to achieving the global carbon neutrality goal.Accurate forest change information could be acquired by deep learning methods using high-resolution remote sensing images.However,deforestation detection based on deep learning on a large-scale region with high-resolution images required huge computational resources.Therefore,there was an urgent need for a fast and accurate deforestation detection model.In this study,we proposed an interesting but effective re-parameterization deforestation detection model,named RepDDNet.Unlike other existing models designed for deforestation detection,the main feature of RepDDNet was its decoupling feature,which means that it allowed the multi-branch structure in the training stages to be converted into a plain structure in the inference stage,thus the computation efficiency can be significantly improved in the inference stage while maintaining the accuracy unchanged.A large-scale experiment was carried out in Ankang city with 2-meter high-resolution remote sensing images(the total area of it was over 20,000 square kilometers),and the result indicated that the model computation efficiency could be improved by nearly 30%compared with the model without re-parameterization.Additionally,compared with other lightweight models,RepDDNet also displayed a trade-off between accuracy and computation efficiency.

关键词： carbon neutral deforestation detection high-resolution remote sensing image deep learning reparameterization

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Studies on pathways to carbon neutrality for indirect coal liquefaction in China

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Clean Energy 2021年第4期5卷 644-654页

作者： Chufu Li Yonglong Li Ming Xu Yan Gong Siqi Gong Peng Wang Pingping Li Binqi Dong Zhuowu Men National Institute of Clean-And-Low-carbon Energy Beijing102209P.R.China Hydrogen Technology Co. Ltd of China Energy GroupBaoding071700P.R.China

The production capacity of indirect coal liquefaction(ICL)in use in China has reached a level of 8 million t/a,which corresponds to a carbon footprint of>60 million t/a.ICL is facing mountainous pressure to reduce its carbon emissions when its development is planned with carbon neutrality as a background objective.This paper studies the pathways that can lead to carbon neutrality for ICL in China,constructing four carbon-neutral pathways for ICL systems with the introduction of green hydrogen,biomass as feedstock and with CCS(carbon capture and storage),which can reduce significant carbon emissions from coal-gasification and water-gas shift processes.The carbon-neutral biomass is used to replace some coal as co-feed to gasification and combustion,leading to reduced carbon emissions as well.Calculations and economic analyses are performed on different carbon-reduction pathways using a carbon-neutral ICL system on a 1 million t/a scale as an example.The results are that the pathway of direct coal substitution with biomass is the lowest carbon-reduction route at RMB 31-125/t CO_(2),substitution with green hydrogen costs the highest at RMB 84-422/t CO_(2) and CCS costs are in the middle at RMB 96-148/t CO_(2).Each pathway has its pros and cons,and a combination of the three may be used for the best outcome.Furthermore,a comprehensive study and systematic summation of the critical technological processes and their underlying challenges for carbon-neutral ICL together with direction for a technological breakthrough are presented.These ICL carbon-reduction pathways presented in this paper are capable of realizing an integrated development between fossil and renewable energy sources,helping the carbon-intense coal-chemical industries to achieve their goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

关键词： indirect coal liquefaction carbon neutral biomass water electrolysis fuel cell CCUS

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