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canopy structure:An intermediate factor regulating grassland diversity-function relationships under human disturbances

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Fundamental Research 2023年第2期3卷 179-187页

作者： Xiaoxia Zhao Yuhao Feng Kexin Xu Mengqi Cao Shuya Hu Qiuli Yang Xiaoqiang Liu Qin Ma Tianyu Hu Maggi Kelly Qinghua Guo Yanjun Su State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Patent Examination Cooperation Sichuan Center of the Patent Office China National Intellectual Property AdministrationChengduSichuan 610213China Department of Environmental Sciences Policy and ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720United States Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720United States Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Grasslands are one of the largest coupled human-nature terrestrial ecosystems on Earth,and severe anthropogenic-induced grassland ecosystem function declines have been reported *** factors influencing grassland ecosystem functions is critical for making sustainable management *** structure is an important factor influencing plant growth through mediating within-canopy microclimate(e.g.,light,water,and wind),and it is found coordinating tightly with plant species diversity to influence forest ecosystem ***,the role of canopy structure in regulating grassland ecosystem functions along with plant species diversity has been rarely ***,we investigated this problem by collecting field data from 170 field plots distributed along an over 2000 km transect across the northern agro-pastoral ecotone of *** net primary productivity(ANPP)and resilience,two indicators of grassland ecosystem functions,were measured from field data and satellite remote sensing *** laser scanning data were collected to measure canopy structure(represented by mean height and canopy cover).Our results showed that plant species diversity was positively correlated to canopy structural traits,and negatively correlated to human activity *** structure was a significant indicator for ANPP and resilience,but their correlations were inconsistent under different human activity intensity *** to plant species diversity,canopy structural traits were better indicators for grassland ecosystem functions,especially for *** structure equation modeling analyses,we found that plant species diversity did not have a direct influence on ANPP under human ***,it had a strong indirect effect on ANPP by altering canopy structural *** to resilience,plant species diversity had both a direct positive contribution and an indirect contribution through mediating canopy *** study highlig

关键词： Grassland ecosystem function canopy structure Plant species diversity Human activity intensity Northern agro-pastoral ecotone

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Quantitative analysis of the effect of the PAY1 gene on rice canopy structure during different reproductive stages

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第12期21卷 3488-3500页

作者： WEI Cui-lan CAO Bing-shuai HUA Shan LI Bao-guo College of Environment and Ecology Jiangsu Open UniversityNanjing 210036P.R.China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042P.R.China Institute of Agricultural Equipment Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021P.R.China College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China

The leaf and stem types are core structural characteristics of the rice phenotype that determine the light interception ability of the canopy and directly affect crop *** PLANT ARCHITECTURE AND YIELD 1(PAY1)gene has been shown to alter the prostrate growth habit of wild rice and to inhibit the wild rice prostrate growth gene PROSTRATE GROWTH 1(PROG1).In this paper,the wild rice introgression line YIL55,which contains the PROG1 gene;its mutant,PAY1;and its parent,TQ,were used as test varieties to construct three-dimensional(3D)canopy structure models based on 3D digital assay *** this basis,quantitative analyses of the PAY1 gene and the plant leaf and stem types at the jointing,heading and filling stages were *** the influence of the PAY1 gene,the plant stem and leaf angles from vertical decreased significantly;the plants were upright,with larger leaves;the culm angle changed from loose to compact;and the average tiller angle during the three key reproductive stages decreased from 44.9,28.5 and 21.3°to 17.6,8.4 and 10.5°,***,the PAY1 mutant retained the PROG1 gene characteristic of exhibiting dynamic changes in the tiller angle throughout the growth period,and its culm angle changed from loose during the jointing stage to compact during the heading *** measurements of photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)in the canopy also showed that the mutant PAY1 allowed more PAR to reach the bottom of the canopy than the other *** light-extinction coefficients for PAY1 at the jointing,heading and filling stages were 0.535,0.312 and 0.586,respectively,which were lower than those of the other two *** this study,the influence of the PAY1 gene on rice canopy structural characteristics was quantitatively analyzed to provide effective canopy structure parameters for breeding the ideal plant type.

关键词： rice plant type 3D digitization technology canopy structure

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Effect of the L-D_(1)alleles on leaf morphology,canopy structure and photosynthetic productivity in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 108-119页

作者： JIANG Hui GAO Ming-wei CHEN Ying ZHANG Chao WANG Jia-bao CHAI Qi-chao WANG Yong-cui ZHENG Jin-xiu WANG Xiu-li ZHAO Jun-sheng Institute of Industrial Crops Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100P.R.China College of Life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014P.R.China

One of the most important objectives for breeders is to develop high-yield *** increase in crop yield has met with bottlenecks after the first green revolution,and more recent efforts have been focusing on achieving high photosynthetic efficiency traits in order to enhance the *** shape is a significant agronomic trait of upland cotton that affects plant and canopy architecture,yield,and other production *** major leaf shape types,including normal,sub-okra,okra,and super-okra,with varying levels of lobe severity,are controlled by a multiple allelic series of the D-genome locus L-D_(1).To analyze the effects of L-D_(1)alleles on leaf morphology,photosynthetic related traits and yield of cotton,two sets of near isogenic lines(NILs)with different alleles were constructed in Lumianyan 22(LMY22)and Lumianyan 28(LMY28)*** analysis of morphological parameters and the results of virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)showed that the regulation of leaf shape by L-D_(1)alleles was similar to a gene-dosage *** with the normal leaf,deeper lobes of the sub-okra leaf improved plant canopy structure by decreasing the leaf area index(LAI)and increasing the light transmittance rate(LTR),and the mid-range LAI of sub-okra leaf also guaranteed the accumulation of cotton *** the chlorophyll content(SPAD)of sub-okra leaf was lower than those of the other two leaf shapes,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of sub-okra leaf was higher than those of okra leaf and normal leaf at most ***,the improvements in canopy structure,as well as photosynthetic and physiological characteristics,contributed to optimizing the light environment,thereby increasing the total biomass and yield in the lines with a sub-okra leaf *** results suggest that the sub-okra leaf may have practical application in cultivating varieties,and could enhance sustainable and profitable cotton production.

关键词： photosynthesis canopy structure yield biomass sub-okra leaf shape

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Effects of tsaoko (Fructus tsaoko) cultivating on tree diversity and canopy structure in the habitats of eastern hoolock gibbon (Hoolock leuconedys)

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Zoological Research 2014年第3期35卷 231-239页

作者： Sheng-Dong YUAN Han-Lan FEI Shao-Han ZHU Liang-Wei CUI Huai-Sen AI Peng-Fei FAN Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province Southwest Forestry University Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research Dali University Gaoligongshan National Natural Reserve

In this study, the quadrat method was used to study the effects of tsaoko （Fructus tsaoko） plantation on tree diversity and canopy structure of two natural habitats of eastern hoolock gibbon （Hoolock leuconedys）： Nankang （characterized by extensive tsaoko plantation） and Banchang （relatively well reserved and without tsaoko plantation）. Totally, 102 tree species from 25 families and 16 woody liana species from 10 families were recorded in Nankang, whereas 108 tree species from 30 families and 17 woody liana species from 12 families were recorded in Banchang. Although the tree species between two habitats is different, both habitats are characterized by enriched food resources for eastern hoolock gibbons, sharing similar dominant plant families. Due to tsaoko plantation, tree density proportion and diversity of forest layer I （〉20 m） in Nankang were both significantly decreased, but the tree density of layerH （10-20 m） increased. Likewise, in conjunction with these behavioral observations, we also address potential impacts of tsaoko plantation on the behavior of eastern hoolock gibbon.

关键词： Eastern hoolock gibbon (Hoolock leuconedys) Habitat Tree diversity canopy structure Fructus tsaoko plantation Mt.Gaoligong

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Plant Type and Its Effects on canopy structure at Heading Stage in Various Ecological Areas for a Two-line Hybrid Rice Combination,Liangyoupeijiu

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Rice science 2010年第3期17卷 235-242页

作者： LU Chuan-gen Hu Ning YAO Ke-min XIA Shi-jian QI Qing-ming Iinstitute of Food Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 China College of Applied MeteorologicalScience Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China

A two-line hybrid rice combination, Liangyoupeijiu, was used to estimate several factors of plant type, and environmental models for these factors at the heading stage were established using the data of eight ecological experimental sites in 2006 and 2007. According to climatic data from 1951 to 2005, the differences in those factors and their effects on plant canopy were analyzed for four rice cropping areas in China, including South China, the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Basin, and river valley in Yunnan, China. The thickness of leaf layer （the distance from pulvinus of the third leaf from the top to the tip of flag leaf） and distribution of leaf area could be used as candidate indices for the plant type of a rice canopy.

关键词： hybrid rice plant type model ecological area canopy structure index

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Identification of Wheat canopy structure Using Hyperspectral Data

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第9期4卷 668-672页

作者： LU Yan-li WANG Ji-hua LI Shao-kun XIE Rui-zhi GAO Shi-ju MA Da-ling National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture Beijing 100089 P.R. China Crop Sciences Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China

Some winter wheat varieties were selected in this experiment. The results were as follows： 1） Leaf orientation value （LOV） and leaf area index （LAI） of wheat had different contributions to canopy spectral reflectance （CSR）. For example, LOV affected greatly canopy spectra more than LAI did in jointing stage, but LAI had a greater effect on CSR than LOV did after the ground was near to be covered completely. 2） Twenty treatments including different varieties and densities were arranged in this experiment, and the result of cluster analysis showed that all these treatments can be parted into four clusters according to LAI and LOV： varieties with erect leaves and low LAI （denoted as A）, varieties with erect leaves and high LAI （denoted as B）, varieties with horizontal leaves and low LAI （denoted as C）, varieties with horizontal leaves and high LAI （denoted as D）. Their CSR had difference in 400-700 nm and 700-1 150 nm at jointing stage, especially in different plant types. 3） There was obvious distribution difference among different clusters in scatter plot （X=△R890, Y=R890）, △R890 was the reflectance increment from jointing to booting stage. It was seen from the Y-axis direction that R890 of horizontal varieties were higher than the erect ones, and seen from the X-axis direction that the greater △R890 was, the lower LAI one within the same plant type varieties, which indicted that the combination of plant-type and the population magnitude can be initially identified by this method.

关键词： Winter wheat Plant type canopy structure Hyperspectral

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Fractal Characteristics of Population canopy structure of the Mangrove,Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk

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Marine Science Bulletin 2003年第2期5卷 54-61页

作者：梁士楚王伯荪 Key Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Science Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 Chuangdong China

The fractal characteristics of the canopy structure of B. gymnorrhiza population are investigated by fractal dimension analysis in the National Shankou Mangrove Nature Reserve. The 3-year-old branches have box dimensions between 1.22 and 1.55, showing the complexity degree of branching structure and the ability of occupying and utilizing ecological space. It may be considered that fractal dimension provides a useful index for the study of light utilization efficiencies and growth processes of B. gymnorrhiza. Calculated by using the two-surface method, the fractal dimensions for the crown pattern of individuals with ages of 20 to 50 years range from 2.21 to 2.54, indicating that the filling degree of foliage to a tree crown is relatively low and B. gymnorrhiza has the property of a sun plant. Along with the increase of ages of individuals, the filling degree of foliage to a tree crown changes from high to low, and so does the fractal dimension. The box dimensions obtained from the grayscale curves of population canopy are between 1.47 and 1.61. The greater the box dimension, the more loosely organized the canopy spatial structure, and the more the light spots. The canopy structural information and complexity of a population can be effectively captured by box dimensions obtained from canopy grayscale curves.

关键词： mangrove B. gymnorrhiza population canopy structure fractals

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Effects of Row-Spacing on canopy structure and Yield in Different Plant Type Rice Cultivars

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2012年第4期19卷 11-19页

作者： Zhao Hai-xin Wang Xiao-xue Guo Zhen-hua Huang Xiao-qun Liu Hua-long Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural University Rice Research Institute Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural University

Two japonica rice varieties, Longjing 20 （more tillers and curved panicle type, MCP） and Longjing 21 （few tillers and half erect panicle type, FEP）, were used to study the effects of row-spacing on canopy structure, morphological characteristics and yield. The results showed that the percentage of productive tiller reduced first, and increased afterwards as row-spacing increasing. The relationship between row spacing and the percentage of productive tiller fitted a quadratic regression. The effects of row spacing on leaf area index （LAI） at later tillering stage and the highest stem number per square meter also followed a quadratic regression relationship with increasing first and then reducing. The effects of row-spacing on primary branch were larger than the secondary branch in Longjing 20. However, the trend in Longjing 21 was opposite. The relationship between row spacing and seed setting rate of the secondary branch or panicle was negatively correlated. An extreme significant negative correlation was obtained between seed setting rate of secondary branch in Longjing 20. There was no significant positive correlation between row-spacing and yield in Longjing 20 （R2=0.68）. However, the negative correlation between row-spacing and yield of Longjing 21 was extremely significant （R2=–0.96＊＊）. The canopy structure of MCP was more sensitive to row-spacing. The positive correlation between row spacing and the length of the flag leaf （R2=0.89＊＊）, the width of the flag leaf （R2=0.85＊）, the length of the last internode （R2=0.85＊）, the length of the last 2nd internode （R2=0.96＊＊） or the length of the panicle （R2=0.91＊＊） was significant or extremely significant in Longjing 20, but not in Longjing 21. The wider row-spacing promoted the accumulation of the dry matter of panicle, stem and leaf and the yield formation in MCP. The best row-spacing in Longjing 20 was 30 cm. For Longjing 21, the narrower row-spacing was better. The best row-spacing of it was 21 cm. These results su

关键词： row-spacing more tillers and curved panicle type (MCP) few tillers and half erect panicle type (FEP) canopy structure morphological characteristic yield

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Leaf pigment retrieval using the PROSAIL model: Influence of uncertainty in prior canopy-structure information

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1251-1263页

作者： Jia Sun Lunche Wang Shuo Shi Zhenhai Li Jian Yang Wei Gong Shaoqiang Wang Torbern Tagesson Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeoscienceWuhan 430079HubeiChina Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund UniversityLund 117 SE-22100Sweden State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mappingand Remote SensingWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079HubeiChina Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in AgricultureBeijing 100097China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1172Denmark

Leaf pigments are critical indicators of plant photosynthesis,stress,and physiological *** of radiative transfer models(RTMs)is a promising method for robustly retrieving leaf biochem-ical traits from canopy observations,and adding prior information has been effective in alleviating the“ill-posed”problem,a major challenge in model *** structure parameters,such as leaf area index(LAI)and average leaf inclination angle(ALA),can serve as prior information for leaf pigment *** canopy spectra simulated from the PROSAIL model,we estimated the effects of uncertainty in LAI and ALA used as prior information for lookup table-based inversions of leaf chlorophyll(C _(ab))and car-otenoid(C_(ar)).The retrieval accuracies of the two pigments were increased by use of the priors of LAI(RMSE of C_(ab) from 7.67 to 6.32μg cm^(-2),C_(ar) from 2.41 to 2.28μg cm^(-2))and ALA(RMSE of C_(ab) from 7.67 to 5.72μg cm^(-2),C_(ar) from 2.41 to 2.23μg cm^(-2)).However,this improvement deteriorated with an increase of additive and multiplicative uncertainties,and when 40% and 20% noise was added to LAI and ALA respectively,these priors ceased to increase retrieval *** using an experimental winter wheat dataset also showed that compared with C_(ar),the estimation accuracy of C_(ab) increased more or deteriorated less with uncertainty in prior canopy *** study demonstrates possible limita-tions of using prior information in RTM inversions for retrieval of leaf biochemistry,when large uncer-tainties are present.

关键词： Leaf pigment PROSAIL model canopy structure Chlorophyll content Leaf area index Leaf angle distribution

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Seasonal variation of the canopy structure parameters and its correlation with yield-related traits in sugarcane

Seasonal variation of the canopy structure parameters and it...

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中国作物学会2013年学术年会

作者： Jun Luo Youxiong Que Hua Zhang Liping Xu Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

Population structure determines sugarcane(Saccharurn ***) yield,of which canopy structure is a key *** fully understand the relations between sugarcane yield and parameters of the canopy structure,17 sugarcane varieties were investigated at five growth stages with a CI 100 digital plant canopy *** results indicated that there were significant differences between characterized parameters among sugarcane populations at different growth *** sugarcane growth post planting,leaf area index(LAI) and leaf distribution(LD) increased,while transmission coefficient for diffuse radiation(TD),mean foliage inclination angle(MFIA),transmission coefficient for solar beam radiation penetration(TR) and extinction coefficient(K) *** negative correlations were found between sugarcane yield and MFIA,TD, TR and K at early elongation stage;while a significant positive correlation between sugarcane yield and LD at the same stage.A regression for sugarcane yield,with relative error of yield fitting less than 10%,was established: Sugarcane Yield=2 380.12+46.25×LD(tillering stage)-491.82×LAI(early elongation stage)+1.36×MFIA (early elongation stage)+614.91×TD(early elongation stage) -1 908.05×TR(early elongation stage)-182.53×K(early elongation stage)+1 281.75×LD(early elongation stage) - 1.35×MFIA(rapid elongation stage)+ 831.2×TR(rapid elongation stage)-407.8×K(rapid elongation stage) + 8.21×MFIA(late elongation stage)- 834.50×TD(late elongation stage) - 1 695.49×K(late elongation stage)(R=0.94**).This study should be helpful for the selection,breeding and cultivation of superior sugarcane varieties with high-yield and high-quality.

关键词： Sugarcane canopy structure Correlation Regression

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