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Analysis of bushfires Spatial and Temporal Variability in Guinea

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2017年第4期7卷 463-475页

作者： Tamba Nicolas Millimono Saidou Moustapha Sall Daouda Badiane Alassane Bah Moussa Diakhate Ibra Toure Mamadou Bailo Barry Diakaria Diallo Idrissa Diaby Institut Superieur des Sciences de l’Education de Guinee(ISSEG) ConakryGuinea Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphere et de l’Ocean-Simeon Fongang-UCAD/ESP/LAPOSF DakarSenegal Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement(CIRAD) OuagadougouBurkina Faso Laboratoire d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Energetique Appliquee-UGANC/LEREA ConakryGuinea

Guinea is confronted to the increasing risks of bushfires that destroy thousands of hectares of vegetation cover every year. Very little research is devoted to the variability of those fires, which makes it a serious threat to both wildlife and human habitats. The current study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution of bushfires in the period from 2003 to 2016. The method used is the geospatial technology: we first filter pixels corresponding with active light supplied by MODIS images (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and estimate their densities following the square meshing procedure. Burned areas are deducted from the estimated pixel densities by calculations. The results highlight great occurrence of fires: 4 to 48 pixels of active fire per year and per 100 km2 depending on the location;2 to 5 million hectares per year of burned areas (20,000 to 50,000 sqkm). Almost 8 to 24% the size of the whole country. The prefectures of Beyla, Siguiri, Kouroussa, Kankan, Dinguiraye, Mali and Tougué are the most exposed areas. Every year, fire activities are observed as from October and between May and June. They are however mitigated according to the regions (or the geographical domains). Summits of bushfires activities are generally reached between December and January.

关键词： Guinea bushfires Variability MODIS

Numerical modeling of external light gauge steel framed wall systems exposed to bushfire flame zone conditions

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 1424-1444页

作者： Sahani HENDAWITHARANA Anthony ARIYANAYAGAM Mahen MAHENDRAN Faculty of Engineering Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

Bushfire-related building losses cause adverse economic impacts to countries prone to *** materials and components play a vital role in reducing these ***,due to high costs of experimental studies and lack of numerical studies,the heat transfer behavior of building’s external components in bushfire-prone areas has not been adequately *** large-scale heat transfer models are developed using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)tools,and the availability of CFD models for heat transfer in building components improves the understanding of the behavior of systems and systems of ***,this paper uses a numerical modeling approach to investigate the bushfire/wildfire resistance of external Light gauge Steel Framed(LSF)wall *** full-scale and small-scale heat transfer models were developed for the LSF wall *** results of six internal and external LSF wall systems with varying plasterboard thickness and cladding material were used to validate the developed *** study was then extended to investigate the bushfire resistance of seven external wall systems under two different bushfire flame zone *** results illustrate the significant effects of fire curves,LSF wall components and configuration on the heat transfer across the *** have shown 1)the favorable performance of steel cladding and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete(AAC)panels when used on the external side of wall systems and 2)the adequacy of thin-walled steel studs’load-bearing capacity during bushfire *** study has shown that most of the investigated external LSF walls could be reused with cost-effective retrofitting such as replacing the Fire Side(FS)steel cladding after bushfire ***,this study has advanced the understanding of the behavior of external light steel framed walls under bushfire flame zone conditions.

关键词： bushfires flame zone external light gauge steel framed walls heat transfer analyses numerical models

Impact of Australia’s catastrophic 2019/20 bushfire season on communities and *** analysis and current trends

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2020年第1期1卷 44-56页

作者： Alexander I.Filkov Tuan Ngo Stuart Matthews Simeon Telfer Trent D.Penman School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Melbourne4 Water stCreswickVictoria 3363Australia Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre MelbourneVictoria 3002Australia Department of Infrastructure Engineering Melbourne School of EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia NSW Rural Fire Service Sydney Olympic ParkNSW 2127Australia Department of Environment and Water AdelaideSA 5000Australia

2019/20 Australia’s bushfire season(Black Summer fires)occurred during a period of record breaking tempera-tures and extremely low *** understand the impact of these climatic values we conducted a preliminary analysis of the 2019/20 bushfire season and compared it with the fire seasons between March 2000 and March 2020 in the states of New South Wales(NSW),Victoria,and South Australia(SA).Forest and fire management in Australia were asked to provide data on the number of fires,burned area,life and house loss,as well as weather *** March 2020 Black Summer fires burnt almost 19 million hectares,destroyed over 3,000 houses,and killed 33 *** showed that they were unprecedented in terms of impact on all areas.A number of mega-fires occurred in NSW resulting in more burned area than in any fire season during the last 20 *** of them was the largest recorded forest fire in Australian *** had a season with the highest number of fires,area burned,and second highest numbers of houses lost for the same *** had the highest number of houses lost in the last 20 *** Summer fires confirmed existing trends of impact categories during the last two decades for NSW and *** showed that the smoke from the bushfires may be a significant concern in the future for the global community,as it travels to other countries and *** on preliminary data,it will take many years to restore the economy and infrastructure in impacted areas,and to recover animal and vegetation biodiversity.

关键词： 2019/20 season bushfires Impact Retrospective analysis

Effects of Bush Fires on Biodiversity in West Africa Sahel: A Review

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Research in Ecology 2023年第2期5卷 40-50页

作者： Sani Ousmane Aboul-Hadi Nouhou Mossi Omoul-kaïrou Moussa Soulé West African Center for Sustainable Rural Transformation(WAC-SRT) Faculty of Sciences and TechniquesAbdou Moumouni University of Niamey237/10896Niger Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques(FST)University Dan Dicko Dankoulodo of Maradi(UDDM)Maradi465Niger

Bush fire is one of the drivers of biodiversity loss ***,the impact of bush fires on biodiversity in the West Africa Sahel is not well ***,this study reviewed the effects of bush fires on biodiversity,the typology of the bush fire drivers and bush fires solutions in the West Africa Sahel via a systematic *** authors used many research engines such as Google Scholar and Mendeley from 2010 to 2022 with some keywords in French and *** comes from the analysis of the data that Mali is the most country affected by bush fires with an average of 35,000,000 ha *** Burkina Faso,bush fires burned more than 2 million hectares each *** analysis showed also a loss of 1,675,157 ha in Niger and 56,568.10 ha in *** study recommends that climate actions should target bush fires prevention and fighting as climate response in order to promote sustainable biodiversity management in the West Africa *** study recommends also that West Africa Sahel countries develop bushfire community education programs for fire prevention.

关键词： bushfires Biodiversity Sahel Firebreaks West Africa