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BIOBASED products AND THE LEED® RATING SYSTEM

Journal of Green building 2010年第4期5卷 91-107页

作者： Meredith Chambers Mikesch Muecke Center for Industrial Research and Service Iowa State University Iowa State University

At the beginning of the 20th century,over 40%by weight of all the materials consumed through the production of goods within the United States were comprised of renewable resources(Matos and Wagner 1998).In contrast,by the end of the 20th century renewable material usage had dropped to less than 8%by weight(Matos and Wagner 1998).Combined with both an increase in the overall rate at which we consume resources as well as growing awareness of the inherently finite availability of nonrenewable resources,the early decades of the 21st century may mark the beginning of a shift back to an increased use of biobased *** the relative proportion of the demand for biobased materials has changed over the past century,one factor that has remained constant is that a majority of renewable and nonrenewable resources consumed in the *** used in the construction industry(Matos and Wagner 1998).Although the utilization of biobased products is increasing throughout all sectors,their popularity still lags in the building and construction industry,and they are surpassed by more widely accepted green practices such as the use of pre-and post-consumer recycled *** is,however,a great potential benefit to be gained from a resurgence in the use of biobased products,both from general environmental and human health *** of specific sectors that may profit from this include building and construction industries,which account for 40%(Roodman and Lenssen 1995)of global raw material usage,as well as the Federal government,which is the largest real property owner in the U.S.(*** Services Administration 2006).A biobased material is defined as containing some percentage of a biologically renewable *** to ASTM E2114-2004,a renewable resource is something“that is grown,naturally replenished,or cleansed,at a rate which exceeds depletion of the usable supply of that resource.”The length of time needed to replace a renewable resource can vary

关键词： biobased rapidly renewable Federal initiatives BioPreferred LEED building products sustainability

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RESIDENTIAL LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT MODELING: COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF INSULATING CONCRETE FORMS AND TRADITIONAL building MATERIALS

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Journal of Green building 2010年第3期5卷 95-106页

作者： Neethi Rajagopalan Melissa M.Bilec Amy E.Landis Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Pittsburgh949 Benedum HallPittsburgh PA15261

Innovative,sustainable construction products are emerging in response to market *** potential product,insulating concrete forms(ICFs),offers possible advantages in energy and environmental performance when compared with traditional construction *** though ICFs are in part derived from a petroleum-based product,the benefits in the use phase outweigh the impacts of the raw material extraction and manufacturing *** paper quantitatively measures ICFs’performance through a comparative life cycle assessment of wall sections comprised of ICF and traditional *** life cycle stages included raw materials extraction and manufacturing,construction,use and end of life for a 2,450 square foot house in Pittsburgh,*** showed that even though building products such as ICFs are energy intensive to produce and thus have higher environmental impacts in the raw materials extraction and manufacturing phase,the use phase dominated in the life *** the use phase,the home constructed of ICFs consumed 20 percent less energy when compared to a traditional wood-frame *** results of the impact assessment show that ICFs have higher impacts over wood homes in most impact *** high impacts arise from the raw materials extraction and manufacturing phase of *** there are a number of embedded unit processes such as disposal of solid waste and transport of natural gas that contribute to this high impact and identifying the top unit process and substance contributors to the impact category is not *** different unit processes or impact assessment methods will yield dissimilar results and the tradeoffs associated with every building product should be considered after studying the entire life cycle in detail.

关键词： building products insulating concrete forms life cycle assessment environmental impacts

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