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Detection of bacterial biofilm in uterine of repeat breeder dairy cows

Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第3期6卷 136-139页

作者： Mohammad Rahim Ahmadi Abdollah Derakhshandeh Sadegh Shirian Yahya Daneshbod Maryam Ansari-Lari Saeid Nazifi Departments of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Departments of Pathobiology School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Pathology School of Veterinary MedicineShahrekord UniversityShahrkordIran Shiraz Molecular Research Center Dr Daneshbod LabShirazIran Departments of Food Hygiene and Public Health School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran

Objective:To determine the possibility of presence of bacterial biofilm in the uterus of repeat breeder cows and to evaluate the effect of mucolytic agent in cleanup of uterus from biofilm. Methods: Twenty repeat breeder cows were selected from a large commercial dairy farm near Shiraz, Fars province, southern Iran. Uterine secretion samples were collected before and after uterine lavage with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 10% solution and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining was used to detect bacterial biofilm in uterine samples. After sampling, all cows were treated with two doses of PGF2 and intrauterine infusion of Cefquinome sulphate. Artificial insemination (AI) was performed after ***: Bacterial biofilms were found in 12 out of 20 animals (60%) in the first sampling with sterile saline lavage (before DMSO) and in 7 cows (35%) after DMSO lavage. Fourteen cows (70%) became pregnant after AI. This evidence showed the presence of bacterial biofilm in the uterus of dairy cows for the first time. Although non-significant, decrease in biofilm detection after DMSO lavage may suggest the potential ability of mucolytic agent for cleaning the uterus from bacterial biofilm. Also, high pregnancy rate after antibiotic treatment in the present study might be attributed to improved effect of antibiotic following lavage of uterine by ***:These findings should be investigated in future researches with more sample size.

关键词： Bacterial biofilm Dairy cow Mucolytic agent Repeat breeder Uterine

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Identification of pathogenic microorganisms of repeat breeder dairy cows and a hyperimmune treatment approach

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2020年第1期9卷 44-48页

作者： Seyed Morteza Aghamiri Mohammad Rahim Ahmadi Masoud Haghkhah Abdollah Derakhshandeh Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Pathobiology School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran

Objective:To investigate the bacterial infections in repeat breeder dairy cows and to evaluate the treatment effects of hyperimmune serum against two main endometritis bacteria,Escherichia(E.)coli and Trueperella ***:A total of 29 Holstein multiparous cows with three or more unsuccessful artificial inseminations were carried out and examined to confirm the absence of reproductive tract abnormality and vaginal *** lavage was performed to collect uterine samples for bacterial and fungal *** addition,polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was done to detect Trueperella pyogenes,***,Fusobacterium necrophorum,and Prevotella *** cytological study was done on cervical *** hyperimmune serums produced against Trueperella pyogenes and *** were infused into the uterus of repeat breeder cows and two doses of prostaglandin F2αwere administrated intramuscularly within 14 days'***:There were 10 positive samples in the bacterial culture with 19 isolations and no growth of the main causative bacteria of *** the PCR method,no Trueperella pyogenes,Fusobacterium necrophorum,and Prevotella melaninogenicus were ***,11 positive samples of *** were identified by *** was detected in one case of repeat breeder *** median(interquartile range)of neutrophils in vaginal discharge was 12(22.5).Eighteen from twenty-nine(62.1%)repeat breeder and eight from eleven(72%)cows with *** infections in PCR were made pregnant in the first artificial insemination after treatment by intrauterine infusion of hyperimmune serum and prostaglandin F2α.Conclusions:Intrauterine administration of hyperimmune serum could be an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of repeat breeder cows.

关键词： Cow Repeat breeder Bacterial and fungal culture Polymerase chain reaction Hyperimmune serum

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Follicular fluid composition of ovulatory follicles in repeat breeder Holstein dairy cows

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第3期8卷 124-131页

作者： Asghar Mogheiseh Mojtaba Kafi Navid Golestani Abbas Roshan-Ghasrodashti Saeed Nazifi Abdollah Mirzaei Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineIslamic Azad UniversityKazerunIran

Objective: To examine differences in the metabolite, steroid and lipopolysaccharide of follicular fluid collected from the ovulatory follicle of Holstein repeat breeding cows, lactating cows, and virgin fertile heifers. Methods: Estrus was induced in animals possessing functional corpus luteum by intramuscular administration of prostaglandin F2α. Six to twelve hours after detection of the standing estrus, cervical samples were collected to detect subclinical endometritis via counting neutrophils on stained smears of cervical swabs. Then, follicular fluid of ovulatory follicles and serum samples were collected from repeat breeding cows (n=11), lactating cows (n=8) and virgin fertile heifers (n=10). Sodium and potassium were measured with a flame photometer method. Urea, total protein, glucose, cholesterol andβ-hydroxybutyric acid were assayed with commercial spectrophotometry kits. Chloride concentration was also measured with titration of samples against silver nitrate. Progesterone, estradiol-17βand lipopolysaccharide concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay kits. Results: All analysis of follicular fluid samples showed that repeat breeding and lactating cows had a mean higher lipopolysaccharide concentration than that of the virgin fertile heifers (P<0.05). But concentration of serum estradiol-17βin repeat breeding and lactating cows was lower than that of virgin fertile heifers (P<0.05). In addition, the mean percentage of neutrophils in the cervical secretion of repeat breeding cows was higher than that of lactating cows (P<0.05). Conclusions: High follicular fluid concentration of lipopolysaccharide in ovulatory follicles results in the occurrence of repeat breeding syndrome in dairy cows. Further, a lower serum estradiol-17βconcentration and a higher percentage of neutrophil in the cervical secretion on the day of artificial insemination may have resulted in the occurrence of repeat breeding syndrome in dairy cows.

关键词： Dairy Repeat breeder cows Subfertility Lipopolysaccharide Metabolites Follicular fluid

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An ECR Charge breeder for the ^(252)Cf Fission Source Project (CARIBU) at ATLAS

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Chinese Physics C 2007年第S1期31卷 219-222页

作者： R.C.Pardo R.Vondrasek T.Kulevoy V.Aseev R.Scott P.Suominen Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S.Cass AvenueArgonneIL 60439USA Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S.Cass AvenueArgonneIL 60439USA Institute for Theoretical and Experimental PhysicsBCheremushkinskay 25Moscow117218Russia Dept.of Physics University of JyvskylFinland

A new radioactive beam facility for ATLAS,the Californium Rare Ion breeder Upgrade (CARIBU), is under *** facility will use fission fragments from a 1 Ci ^(252)Cf source;thermalized and collected into a low-energy beam by a helium gas *** order to reaccelerate these beams,the existing ATLAS ECR-I ion source is being redesigned to function as a charge breeder *** design and features of this charge breeder configuration is discussed and the project status described.

关键词： ECR ion source charge breeder fission fragments radioactive ion beams

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Preliminary performance analysis and optimization based on 1D neutronics model for Indian DEMO HCCB blanket

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第8期22卷 184-191页

作者： D AGGARWAL C DANANI M Z YOUSSEF Institute for Plasma Research GandhinagarGujarat 382428India Homi Bhabha National Institute(HBNI) AnushaktinagarMumbai 400094India University of California-Los Angeles Los AngelesCA 90095United States of America

India,under its breeding blanket R&D program for DEMO,is focusing on the development of two tritium breeding blanket concepts;namely the lead-lithium-cooled ceramic breeder and the helium-cooled ceramic breeder(HCCB).The study presented in this paper focuses on the neutronic design analysis and optimization from the tritium breeding perspective of the HCCB *** Indian concept has an edge-on configuration and is one of the variants of the helium-cooled solid breeder blanket concepts proposed by several partner countries in *** Indian HCCB blanket having lithium titanate(Li2TiO3)as the tritium breeder and beryllium(Be)as the neutron multiplier with reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steel structure aims at utilizing the low-energy neutrons at the rear part of the *** aim of the optimization study is to minimize the radial blanket thickness while ensuring tritium self-sufficiency and provide data for further neutronic design and thermal-hydraulic layout of the HCCB *** is found that inboard and outboard blanket thicknesses of 40 cm and 60 cm,respectively,can give a tritium breeding ratio(TBR)>1.3,with 60%6Li enrichment,which is assumed to be sufficient to cover potential tritium losses and associated *** results also demonstrated that the Be packing fraction(PF)has a more profound impact on the TBR as compared to 6Li enrichment and the PF of Li2TiO3.

关键词： DEMO helium-cooled ceramic breeder blanket neutronic optimization study tritium breeding ratio

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Combination of a <i>Lactobacillus</i>-Based Probiotic and Organic Acids Decrease Egg to Chick Weight Loss and Reduce <i>Salmonella</i>spp. Counts in the Litter of Commercial Broiler breeders

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第8期10卷 1011-1020页

作者： Matias A. Michel Fernando A. Revidatti Ricardo J. Fernández Martín L. Sindik Paola Sanz Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco Juan D. Latorre Billy M. Hargis Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Nacional del Nordeste Corrientes Argentina Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Cd. de Mexico México Department of Poultry Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

The effects of supplementing a blend of organic acids (OA) and a lactic acid bacteria (LAB) based-probiotic on egg to chick weight loss (%) and Salmonella spp. recovery counts in the litter of commercial broiler breeders were examined in three independent trials during the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. In each trial, ten thousand birds were divided into two groups of 5000 birds (4500 females and 500 males in each group): Control non-treated group, receiving regular water or treated group, receiving OA and probiotic in the drinking water from 25 to 35 weeks of age. During the ten weeks of evaluation, one thousand fertile eggs or hatched chickens in each trial respectively, were evaluated to obtained, hatching set weight, transferred egg weight, and hatching chick weight, to estimate the difference between egg to chick weight loss (%). Besides, in trial 2 (2014) and trial 3 (2015), litter samples were collected to evaluate Salmonella spp. counts. The supplementation of OA and probiotic during ten consecutive weeks significantly decreased the egg to chick weight loss (%) when compared with the control non-treated groups in all three trials evaluated. Interestingly, at the end of the trials 2 and 3, no counts of Salmonella spp. in the litter were detected. In contrast, control-non treated groups resulted in 4.30 and 4.24 Log10 of Salmonella spp. in trials two and three respectively. The results of the present study suggest that supplementation of OA and a LAB-probiotic for ten consecutive weeks decrease the egg to chick weight loss (%) and reduce Salmonella spp. counts in the litter of commercial broiler breeders. Higher initial body weight in broiler chickens and reduction of Salmonella spp., clearly justify the use of the combination of these products, as alternatives to antibiotics.

关键词： Broiler breeder Organic Acid Probiotic Salmonella Litter

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Considering for the blanket structure scheme of HCCB DEMO

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2019年第3期9卷 188-194页

作者： Zhou Zhao Zaixin Li Xiaoyu Wang Xueren Wang Kaiming Feng Fusion Reactor Technology Division Southwestern Institute of Physics

For the solid blanket concept of helium cooled ceramic breeder (HCCB) demonstration fusion power plant (DEMO), a feasible blanket structure with configuration 2×X is proposed as considering relatively low temperature limit of neutron multiplier beryllium pebbles. Based on that, preliminary design for the typical blanket module of HCCB DEMO has been carried out and verified by thermal-hydraulic analysis and structural analysis. Furthermore, the specific relationship of maximum temperature depended on the surface heating of blanket key part first wall (FW) is also analyzed.

关键词： Helium cooled ceramic breeder (HCCB) Demonstration fusion power plant (DEMO) Blanket structure scheme Preliminary design and analysis

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SAT, a New Approach in Understanding and Treatment of Subclinical Endometritis in Dairy Cows

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2019年第8期9卷 109-119页

作者： Samia Mohamed Abd El-Rheem Rezk Said Ghallab Suzan El-Sharkawy Theriogenology Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Theriogenology Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Matrouh University Matrouh Egypt Gynecology and Obstetrics Department Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

The aim of this work was to compare the use of local intrauterine moist heat infusion to intrauterine antibiotics infusion, for treatment of subclinical endometritis which affects reproduction and milk production. 42 repeat breeder cows were divided into 4 groups, group 1 was the untreated control (=10 cows). Group 2 (=10 cows) was treated by 50 ml of Oxytetracycline 5% intrauterine for three successive weeks. Group 3 (=10 cows) intrauterine infusion with 30 ml saline adding to them 10 ml Gentamycin 10% and 10 ml penicillin and streptomycin for three successive weeks. Group 4 (=12 cows) intrauterine infusion with 50 ml sterile boiling water (≈100°C) was applied directly to the uterus for only one time. Leukogram was done before and after treatment, it showed leukocytosis and neutrophilia in all the study groups. After treatment for 36 hours and one week, there were no significant changes in the leukogram results of groups 1, 2 and 3. While in Group 4 showed decreasing in numbers of leukocytes (11.92 ± 0.75) and neutrophils (0.87 ± 0.16) to its normal limits after 36 hours and one-week post-treatment. Our new method gave the highest cumulative pregnancy rate 83.3% while other groups using antibiotics or antibiotics with saline gave lower pregnancy rate 40% and 50% respectively (P > 0.001). We named this new treatment method “Samia-treat;SAT”. SAT is a whole new and effective treatment for cases of repeat breeder which are caused by SCE in dairy cows;it caused increase in reproductive performance and cumulative pregnancy rate without over use of antibiotics.

关键词： Subclinical Endometritis Repeat breeder Dairy Cows Fertility

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Conversion of U-238 and Th-232 Using a Fusion Neutron Source

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2014年第4期4卷 222-227页

作者： Xianjun Zheng Baiquan Deng Wei Ou Fujun Gou HOPE Innovations Inc. Ontario Canada Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu China Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Sichuan University Chengdu China

This article proposes a general framework for the conversion of U-238 and Th-232 utilizing fusion-produced neutrons. This recognizes that emerging fusion technologies may not produce sufficient net energy output to justify stand-alone applications, yet may be commercially viable for breeder transmutation or hybrid fusion-fission reactor concepts proposed herein to dispose of nuclear wastes and long life high radioactive fission products remaining in shutdown nuclear power plants. Results show that this could be achievable within a decade, given an appropriate fusion source. However, if 20% beryllium of nuclei density is added to the convertor blanket, the efficiency of the conversion process can be significantly increased. Also, the neutron energy spectrum resulting from dense D-D plasma core fusion is much softer than D-T fusion neutron source, hence the probability of (n, p) (n, α) backward decay reaction paths will be smaller and the conversion efficiency will be elevated.

关键词： Conversion breeder D-D Fusion

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Fast Reactor Technology Development in China Status and Prospects

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工程科学（英文版） 2007年第4期5卷 76-83页

作者： Xu Mi(China Institute of Atomic Energy,P.O.BOX 275(34)Beijing 102413,China)

China has decided to speed-up the nuclear power *** is programmed that the nuclear power capacity will reach 40 GWe in 2020 and envisaged 60 GWe and 240 GWe in 2030 and 2050 *** basic strategy of PWR-FBR matched development with Fast reactor metal fuel closed cycle for a sustainable and quick increasing nuclear energy supply is *** strategy also decided is that the partitioning and transmutation of MA will be realized using fast burner and *** fast reactor engineering development will be divided into three steps:China Experimental Fast Reactor(CEFR 65 MWt/20 MWe),China Prototype/Demonstration Fast Reactor(CPFR/CDFR ≥ 1 500 MWt/600 MWe)and China Demonstration Fast breeder Reactor(CDFBR 1 000～1 500 MWe).The CEFR is under installation and pre-operation testing with it's first criticality planned in *** design study of CPFR is just started in *** a discussion for the second step is under way to faster the fast reactor development by a larger than 600 MWe CPFR and as a role of CDFR.

关键词： fast reactor development strategy breeder burner China experimental fast reactor

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