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Mechanisms and status of research on the protective effects of traditional Chinese medicine against ischemic brain injury

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Traditional Medicine Research 2022年第1期7卷 35-43页

作者： Zhe-Tao Zhang Cheng-Yun Hu Fei-Biao Dai Fei Tang Chao-Liang Tang Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230036China Department of Anesthesiology Anhui Provincial HospitalWannan Medical CollegeHefei 230001China Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China

Ischemic brain injury occurs when the metabolic needs of brain tissue cannot be met due to insufficient blood supply to the brain.It is one of the main causes of death and adult disability worldwide.The recurrence rate of ischemic brain injury is high.It places a heavy economic burden on families and society,and seriously affects human health and quality of life.In traditional Chinese medicine,ischemic stroke belongs to the category of“stroke”.The use of traditional Chinese medicine to treat stroke has a long history.After years of experimental research,a large amount of theoretical knowledge and practical experience have been accumulated.Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is the basis of traditional Chinese medicine theory on the treatment of ischemic stroke.Commonly used single Chinese medicines include Chuangxiong(Ligusticum chuanxiong hort),Danggui(Angelica sinensis),Danshen(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge),Honghua(Carthamus tinctorius L.),Mudanpi(Moutan Cortex),and Huangqi(Astragali Radix).Buyang Huanwu decoction,Xinglou Chengqi decoction,Taohong Siwu decoction,and other traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions are believed to have a protective effect against brain damage caused by ischemic stroke.With the development of modern medical technology,the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treatments for ischemic brain injury has gradually been explored.This article reviews the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine’s protection against ischemic brain injury and its current clinical application.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine ischemic brain injury stroke brain protection clinical application

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Batroxobin plus hypothermia for protection of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury models in gerbils

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Neural Regeneration Research 2006年第5期1卷 405-407页

作者： Lin Zhang Pixing Zhang Yinming Zeng Qun Chen Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medicat CollegeQingdao 266003 Shandong Province China First Clinical College China Medical University Shenyang 110001 Liaoning Province China Department of Anesthesiology Eighth People＇s Hospital of Qingdao City Qingdao 266000 Shandong Province China Jiangsu Key Lab of Anesthesiology Xuzhou 221002 Jiangsu Province China

BACKGROUND： Hypothermia plays a protective role in cerebral ischemialreperfusion injury. Dose combination with batroxobin, an active drug for treating cerebrovascular disease, will enhance its protection？ OBJECTIVE ： To explore the effects of hypothermia, batroxobin, hypotherrnia combined with batroxobin on complete cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in gerbils. DESIGN ： A randomized block comparison observation.SETTING ： Jiangsu Key Lab of Anesthesiology. MATERIALS ： Experimental animal： Sixty Mongolia gerbils weighing 50-80 g, male or female, were provided by the Animals Center of Xuzhou Medical College. Drugs and agents： Batroxobin was provided by Dongling Pharmaceutical Industry Organization （Japan）. Superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondiadehyde （MDA） kits were offered by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineedng Institute. Other reagents were all import or national analytical pure grade. HITACHI R22A refrigerated high-speed centrifuge, and HARRIS ultra-hypotherrnia refrigerator were used. METHODS ： The experiments were completed in Jiangsu Key Lab of Anesthesiology from May 2004 to January 2005. ① The animals were divided into 6 groups by random member table method： sham-operated group （n =6）, ischemia control group （n =6）, norrnothermia group （n =12）, hypothermia group （n =12）, batroxobin group （n =12） and hypothermia＋batroxobin group （n =12）. Gerbil rats were abdominally anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. The neck skin was incised to separate bilateral common carotid arteries. Complete cerebral ischemia models were established by occluding bilateral common carotid arteries with artery clamp for 10 minutes, then the clamp was loosened to perfuse the arteries, Iso-electric level of brain electric wave showed the models were established successfully. The gerbils in the batroxobin group and hypotherrnia＋batroxobin group were abdominally injected with batroxobin （8 BU/kg） while reperfusion, and isovolumetric saline was administered to the gerbils in the other groups without drugs. The animals in the sham

关键词： cerebral ischemia SOD activity carotid arteries cerebrovascular disease common carotid artery protective effects normal temperature measurement data brain protection

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Exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor attenuates cognitive impairment induced by okadaic acid in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2173-2181页

作者： Ai-Hua Xu Yang Yang Yong-Xin Sun Chao-Dong Zhang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University

Decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF） plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease, and a typical pathological change in Alzheimer＇s disease is neurofibrillary tangles caused by hyperphosphorylation of tau. An in vivo model of Alzheimer＇s disease was developed by injecting okadaic acid（2 μL） and exogenous BDNF（2 μL） into the hippocampi of adult male Wister rats. Spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed using the Morris water maze. The expression levels of protein phosphatase 2 A（PP2 A）, PP2 Ac-Yp307, p-tau（Thr231）, and p-tau（Ser396/404） were detected by western blot assay. The expression levels of BDNF, TrkB, and synaptophysin mRNA were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicated that BDNF expression was suppressed in the hippocampus of OA-treated rats, which resulted in learning and memory deficits. Intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF attenuated this OA-induced cognitive impairment. Finally, our findings indicated an involvement of the PI3 K/GSK-3β/AKT pathway in the mechanism of BDNF in regulating cognitive function. These results indicate that BDNF has beneficial effect on Alzheimer＇s disease, and highlight the potential of BDNF as a drug target for treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease.

关键词： nerve regeneration Alzheimer＇s disease exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor Tau protein okadaic acid phosphorylation PP2A- Y307 glycogen synthase kinase-3~ TrkB cognitive function brain protection neural regeneration

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Excitatory amino acid changes in the brains of rhesus monkeys following selective cerebral deep hypothermia and blood flow occlusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第2期8卷 143-148页

作者： Jun Pu Xiaoqun Niu Jizong Zhao Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University Department of Respiratory Medicine Second Hospital of Kunming Medical University

Selective cerebral deep hypothermia and blood flow occlusion can enhance brain tolerance to ischemia and hypoxia and reduce cardiopulmonary complications in monkeys. Excitotoxicity induced by the release of a large amount of excitatory amino acids after cerebral ischemia is the major mechanism underlying ischemic brain injury and nerve cell death. In the present study, we used selective cerebral deep hypothermia and blood flow occlusion to block the bilateral common carotid arteries and/or bilateral vertebral arteries in rhesus monkey, followed by reperfusion using Ringer＇s solution at 4~C. Microdialysis and transmission electron microscope results showed that selective cerebral deep hypothermia and blood flow occlusion inhibited the release of glutamic acid into the extracellular fluid in the brain frontal lobe and relieved pathological injury in terms of the ultrastructure of brain tissues after severe cerebral ischemia. These findings indicate that cerebral deep hypothermia and blood flow occlusion can inhibit cytotoxic effects and attenuate ischemic/ hypoxic brain injury through decreasing the release of excitatory amino acids, such as glutamic acid.

关键词： neural regeneration brain injury selective deep hypothermia microdialysis rhesus monkey glutamic acid excitatory amino acids brain protection high performance liquid chromatogram ultrastructure grants-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

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Protective and super-imposing effects of Estradiol , Breviscapini, Lumbrokinase In focal cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury on rats

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中国临床神经科学 2000年第Z1期8卷 69-页

作者： Shang huiFang Luo ZuMing Department of Neurology the First Affilliated Hospital of West China University of Medical Sciences Chengdu 610041 P.R.China Department of Neurology the First Affilliated Hospital of West China University of Medical Sciences Chengdu 610041 P.R.China

Baekgrouad: Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy is always associated with a decrease in risk of stroke incidence and mortality. The breviscapini and lumbrokinase can protect brain from ischemic injury..Experiments in animal models suggest estradiol can protect brain from ischemic injury. But we know little about the mechanism of brain protection role of estradiol. Espectically we don't know if estrodiol plus other brain protective drugs such as breviscapini and lumbrokinase have superimposing protection. Objective: To study protective function and its mechanism of estradio breviscapini and lumbrokinase after cerebral ischemic reperfusion tn overiectimiaed rat. Methods: We made the local ischemic repenfusion model with thread emgolism of right middle cerebral artery (MCA) of young female SD rars which werc bilaterally ovariectomized two weeks ago were used. These rats were randomized into sham-operated group, control group, estrodiol group, brevisacapini group, 10 SD rats each group. We admistrated each group with reseponsed treatment when rats were subjected to half an hour of MCAO. MCA were oecluded 2 hours and followed by 70 hours of reperfusion. Sham-poerated group were exposed cervical common artery and weren't occluded MCA. The rats were killed at 72 hours. The observed patameters each group listed: 1) The neurological deficit scores were made after MCAO 2 hours and bcforc killed. 2) Each group excluded sham operaated group were caculaled cerebral infarct volume ratio and edema volume with stereological microscoppe. 3) The level of Nitrc oxide (NO) in serum were determined with nitrate redutase method. 4) The level of Interlukin-I (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factot (TNF) were determined by biological activity method. 5) Ultrastructure of neuron were observed with electron microscope. All the rcsults from different groups were compared with each other. The drugs identified effictive in formcr study plus estradiot wcre admistratcd to rats to obscrvcd ifthey have superimposed effects. The observed paramct

关键词： estrogen replacement therapy middle cerebral artery neurological deficit infarct volume ratio electron microscope cerebral infarction protective effects brain protection animal models

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