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Dissecting Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathways Involved in Cuticle Formation

Molecular Plant 2016年第6期9卷 926-938页

作者： Fuqiang Cui Mikael Brosche Mikko T. Lehtonen Ali Amiryousefi Enjun Xu Matleena Punkkinen Jari P.T. Valkonen Hiroaki Fujii Kirk Overmyer Division of Plant Biology Viikki Plant Science Centre Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki 00014 Helsinki Finland Department of Agricultural Sciences University of Helsinki PO Box 27 00014 Helsinki Finland Department of Biochemistry Molecular Plant Biology University of Turku Turku 20014 Finland Institute of Technology University of Tartu Nooruse 1 Tartu 50411 Estonia Present address: Institute of Botany The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The cuticle is the outer physical barrier of aerial plant surfaces and an important interaction point between plants and the environment. Many environmental stresses affect cuticle formation, yet the regulatory pathways involved remain undefined. We used a genetics and gene expression analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana to define an abscisic acid （ABA） signaling loop that positively regulates cuticle formation via the core ABA signaling pathway, including the PYR/PYL receptors, PP2C phosphatase, and SNF1-Related Protein Kinase （SnRK） 2.21SnRK2.3/SnRK2.6. Downstream of the SnRK2 kinases, cuticle formation was not regulated by the ABA-responsive element-binding transcription factors but rather by DEWAX, MYB16, MYB94, and MYB96. Additionally, low air humidity increased cuticle formation independent of the core ABA pathway and cell death/reactive oxygen species signaling attenuated expression of cuticle-biosynthesis genes. In Physcornitrella patens, exogenous ABA suppressed expression of cuticle- related genes, whose Arabidopsis orthologs were ABA-induced. Hence, the mechanisms regulating cuticle formation are conserved but sophisticated in land plants. Signaling specifically related to cuticle deficiency was identified to play a major role in the adaptation of ABA signaling pathway mutants to increased humidity and in modulating their immunity to botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis. These results define a cuticle-specific downstream branch in the ABA signaling pathway that regulates responses to the external environment.

关键词： cuticle abscisic acid Arabidopsis Physcomitrella botrytis land plants

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透骨草内生菌对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制作用研究

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中国农学通报 2009年第24期25卷 369-373页

作者：窦瑞木河南农业职业学院郑州451450

为了探求中草药(植物)体内生菌对植物病原菌的抑制作用,采用对峙试验、防效测定、菌株鉴定、抑菌活性及水解酶活性测定等方法,从透骨草中筛选出一株内生拮抗菌株。对峙试验表明其抑制率为66.02%,在活体上的抑制率为51.68%。经形态观察... 详细信息

为了探求中草药(植物)体内生菌对植物病原菌的抑制作用,采用对峙试验、防效测定、菌株鉴定、抑菌活性及水解酶活性测定等方法,从透骨草中筛选出一株内生拮抗菌株。对峙试验表明其抑制率为66.02%,在活体上的抑制率为51.68%。经形态观察、生理生化特性测定,确定此内生菌株为枯草芽胞杆菌。其不产生纤维素酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、蛋白酶。发酵滤液经(NH4)2SO4沉淀获粗提蛋白,抑菌圈达20mm以上,上清液无活性,表明抑菌物质基本被沉淀,主要为蛋白类,且此粗提蛋白对温度、紫外线、pH均具有较好的稳定性。结果发现透骨草内分离出的枯草芽胞杆菌对番茄灰霉病菌有较强且稳定抑制作用,抑菌活性成分主要是粗蛋白类物质,且其对温度、酸碱度、紫外线稳定性较好。

关键词：内生细菌水解酶类抗菌蛋白 botrytis cinerea

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Down regulation of cotton GbTRP1 leads to accumulation of anthranilates and confers resistance to Verticillium dahliae

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Journal of Cotton Research 2019年第3期2卷 162-173页

作者： MIAO Yuhuan ZHU Longfu ZHANG Xianlong National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065HubeiChina

Background:Verticillium wilt,caused by Verticillium dahliae,is called a "cancer" disease of *** discovery and identification of defense-related genes is essential for the breeding of Verticillium wilt-resistant *** previous research we identified some possible broad-spectrum resistance ***,we report a tryptophan synthesis-related gene GbTRP1 and its functional analysis in relation to the resistance of cotton to ***:Expression analysis shows that GbTRP1 is suppressed at 1 h and 6 h post *** infection,but activated at 12 h and 24 h,and the expression of GbTRP1 is highly induced by treatment with salicylic acid and jasmonic ***-cellular localization studies show that GbTRP1 is localized in the *** of GbTRP1 expression leads to lesion-mimic phenotypes and activates the immune response in cotton by showing enhanced resistance to *** and *** analysis shows that anthranilic compounds significantly accumulated in GbTRP1-silenced plants,and these metabolites can inhibit the growth of *** and *** in ***:Our results show that suppression of GbTRPI expression dramatically activates the immune response and increases resistance of cotton to *** and ***,possibly due to the accumulation of anthranilate *** study not only provides genetic resources for disease resistance breeding,but also may provide a basis for new chemical control methods for combatting of fungal disease in cotton.

关键词： Cotton GbTRP1 Verticillium dahliae botrytis cinerea Anthranilate compounds

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Production and Optimization of <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>Biomass and Metabolites for Biocontrol of Strawberry Grey Mould

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第7期3卷 836-845页

作者： Wafaa M. Haggag Mostafa Abo El Soud Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Unit National Research Center Dokki Cairo Egypt. Department of Plant Pathology National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt

Pseudomonas species have been widely studied as biological agents (BCAs) and it is alternative to the application of chemical fungicides. Our objective was to optimize nutritional and environmental conditions of the isolated Pseudomonas fluorescens fp-5 for biomass and metabolites production and to evaluate itsagainst the grey mould disease caused by botrytis cinerea on strawberry plants under field conditions. Pseudomonas fluorescens, showed antagonistic properties, in vitro, against thepathogen botrytiscinerea. Effect of the separated secondary metabolites on the fungal growth by broth dilution technique and antifungal activity by agar well diffusion technique was studied. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effects of four fermentation parameters (pH, incubation time, carbon and nitrogen concentrations) on biomass and bioactivemetabolites [antibiotic phenazin and siderophore] production. Glycerol was found to be the best carbon source for improved biomass and metabolites production. Meanwhile, peptone and yeast extract were found to be the best nitrogen source. Analysis of each formulation revealed that glycerol oil at 0.01% the best oil used for protect P. fluorescens for 3 months Under natural condition, P. fluorescens formulation was effective in reducing B. cinerea disease in strawberry leaves and fruits. Pre-harvest treatment protected fruits from botrytis post-harvest disease in comparing of fungicide. In addition, the obtained results showed that bacterial treatment significantly increased thegrowth parameters as well as dry weights and yield.

关键词： botrytis Bunch Rot Pseudomonas fluorescens Strawberry Blight

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Production and Testing of Biopesticide for Control of Postharvest Mold Infections on Fresh Fruits of Apple and Pear

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Advances in Microbiology 2015年第12期5卷 787-796页

作者： Yacoub A. Batta Laboratory of Plant Protection Department of Plant Production & Protection Faculty of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine An-Najah National University Nablus West Bank Palestine

The present research aimed at producing a biopesticide with proper formulation of invert emulsion (water-in-oil type) and effective strain of?Trichoderma harzianum?then, testing it against pathogens of postharvest mold infections(botrytis cinerea?&?Penicillium expansum) on fresh fruits of apple and pear. The?proper formulation of invert emulsion (IE#3) used for biopesticide production has the following ingredients (100% w/w): soybean oil (28.50%), coconut oil (19.50%), oil-soluble emulsifier: Tween 20 (2.0%), glycerine (4.25%), water-soluble emulsifier:?dehymuls k (0.75%),?sterile distilled water (22.5%) and conidial suspension of the effective strain ofT. harzianum?“TrichoPAL1” in water (22.5%, concentration 1 ×?107?conidia/ml). Testing efficacy of the produced biopesticide has indicated a significant reduction in the disease lesion diameter of mold infections on wounded apple and pear fruits stored at?20℃?± 1℃?compared to the untreated fruits or control (reduction from up to 38.75 to about 7.50 mm, respectively, according to?the type of mold infections and fruit type). Also, the treatment with the produced biopesticide has resulted in?a long protection period from mold infections on wounded and un-wounded fresh fruits of apple and pear stored under controlled and semi-commercial conditions(up to 2.5 months according to the type of mold infections and fruit type). In conclusion, the overall results have demonstrated the effectiveness of produced biopesticide on stored fruits under controlled and semi-commercial conditions therefore,?it is recommended to test this effectiveness on marketed fruits stored under variable conditions before applying it at a large scale.

关键词： Apple Fruit Pear Fruit Trichoderma harzianum botrytis cinerea Penicillium expansum Biopesticides Postharvest Mold Infections

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猕猴桃灰霉病病原菌鉴定及室内药剂筛选

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植物保护 2014年第3期40卷 48-52页

作者：李诚蒋军喜赵尚高李帮明余强涂贵庆江西农业大学农学院南昌330045 江西省奉新县农业局奉新330700

通过病原菌形态特征、致病性测定及rDNA-ITS的同源性分析,确定江西奉新猕猴桃灰霉病的病原菌为Botry-tis cinerea（有性态Botryotinia fuckeliana）,该病菌在5～30℃的温度范围内均能正常生长,且该病菌只能通过伤口接种引起猕猴桃发病.... 详细信息

通过病原菌形态特征、致病性测定及rDNA-ITS的同源性分析,确定江西奉新猕猴桃灰霉病的病原菌为Botry-tis cinerea（有性态Botryotinia fuckeliana）,该病菌在5～30℃的温度范围内均能正常生长,且该病菌只能通过伤口接种引起猕猴桃发病.采用菌丝生长速率法测定11种杀菌剂对该病原菌的毒力大小,结果表明,肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂、氟硅唑乳油、异菌脲悬浮剂、苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂、戊唑醇悬浮剂和吡唑醚菌酯乳油对其菌丝生长有较强的抑制作用,ECs0值分别为0.118 0、0.288 6、0.355 2、1.541 8、1.760 2和1.778 4 μg/mL.

关键词：猕猴桃灰霉病 botrytis cinerea 毒力测定

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引起江苏茅山地区宣木瓜叶斑病的病原鉴定

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植物病理学报 2019年第6期49卷 862-865页

作者：陶航黄沈鑫王浩张烨张子辉陈孝仁扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院扬州225009

原产于安徽省宣城市的地道中药材宣木瓜(Chaenomeles sinensis)隶属蔷薇科(Rosaceae),为常用中药木瓜的上品,是与藏红花、甘枸杞、川杜仲齐名的四大名贵中药材之一。除药用之外,近年也被用于化妆品和保健品领域[1]。此外,由于树冠优美... 详细信息

原产于安徽省宣城市的地道中药材宣木瓜(Chaenomeles sinensis)隶属蔷薇科(Rosaceae),为常用中药木瓜的上品,是与藏红花、甘枸杞、川杜仲齐名的四大名贵中药材之一。除药用之外,近年也被用于化妆品和保健品领域[1]。此外,由于树冠优美、花团锦簇,宣木瓜还被栽培用于观赏;同时,因其耐旱耐瘠,对土壤要求不高,又常被作为退耕还林的引种树种。

关键词： Medicinal herbs Chinese quince leaf spot botrytis cinerea

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优质早熟耐热花椰菜新品种大暑的选育

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湖北农业科学 2014年第12期53卷 2832-2834页

作者：朱伯华朱德雄汪坤乾喻朝霞武汉市农业技术推广站武汉430016 武汉市黄陂区土壤肥料工作站武汉432200

大暑是由自交不亲和系04D-676-5-5-3-2和自交系05E-12-1配制而成的优质早熟耐热花椰菜(Brassica oleracea *** L.)一代杂交种。植株生长势强,株高一般为65 cm左右;叶片较深绿色,蜡粉多;中内叶较长,直立生长,保护花球;花球洁白且非常紧实... 详细信息

大暑是由自交不亲和系04D-676-5-5-3-2和自交系05E-12-1配制而成的优质早熟耐热花椰菜(Brassica oleracea *** L.)一代杂交种。植株生长势强,株高一般为65 cm左右;叶片较深绿色,蜡粉多;中内叶较长,直立生长,保护花球;花球洁白且非常紧实,不散花、呈半圆状,成熟期一般为65 d,单球重1.3 kg左右;较抗黑腐病,抗霜霉病、软腐病等,耐热性强。目前大暑已在湖北、云南、安徽、湖南、甘肃、山东、江苏、浙江、河南、河北、辽宁、黑龙江等地大面积示范推广。

关键词：花椰菜(Brassica oleracea L var botrytis L ) 大暑优质早熟耐热选育

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日本酿造产品的研究和开发动向(1980)

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食品科学 1985年第10期 24-26页

作者：张柏青

一、酒类1．果酒在贵府葡萄酒酿造中,加入柠檬形克勒克氏酵母(kloeckera apiculate)、拜耳氏酵母(saccharomyces bailii)和啤酒酵母(***-siae)等以后,可提高灰绿葡萄孢(botrytis ci-nerea)产甘油量,但乙醛和高级醇产量减少,在高糖度条件... 详细信息

一、酒类1．果酒在贵府葡萄酒酿造中,加入柠檬形克勒克氏酵母(kloeckera apiculate)、拜耳氏酵母(saccharomyces bailii)和啤酒酵母(***-siae)等以后,可提高灰绿葡萄孢(botrytis ci-nerea)产甘油量,但乙醛和高级醇产量减少,在高糖度条件下,啤酒酵母会成为主要菌种进行酒精发酵,而柠檬形克勒克酵母几乎不发酵。

关键词：啤酒酵母葡萄酒酿造高级醇酒精发酵葡萄酒厂糖度麦芽汁 botrytis 糖化过程醋酸发酵

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从“护士”到葡萄的“护卫士”

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天下美食 2010年第11期 118-119页

作者： Lillian Ain

爱尔兰血脉之缘说起波尔多,爱酒之人无人不晓,而爱尔兰人对波尔多葡萄酒发展的影响,却被辉煌的法国酒葡萄酒发展史所掩盖。17、18世纪,由于宗教镇压等诸多原因,许多爱尔兰家庭背井离乡去其他国度寻找更安定的生活家园。而这其中的很多... 详细信息

爱尔兰血脉之缘说起波尔多,爱酒之人无人不晓,而爱尔兰人对波尔多葡萄酒发展的影响,却被辉煌的法国酒葡萄酒发展史所掩盖。17、18世纪,由于宗教镇压等诸多原因,许多爱尔兰家庭背井离乡去其他国度寻找更安定的生活家园。而这其中的很多人都曾经是在爱尔兰经营法国葡萄酒的商人,因此这些人后来大部分去了法国,特别是波尔多。

关键词：波尔多爱尔兰人葡萄品种一秋 botrytis 四经澳洲航空 Eden 西北坡在川

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