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Jasmonic Acid Oxidase 2 Hydroxylates Jasmonic Acid and Represses Basal Defense and Resistance Responses against botrytis cinerea Infection

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Molecular Plant 2017年第9期10卷 1159-1173页

作者： Ekaterina Smirnova Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes CNRS Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Synthétique Institut de Chimie Université de Strasbourg CNRS Strasbourg France

Jasmonates （JAs） orchestrate immune responses upon wound/herbivore injury or infection by necrotro- phic pathogens. Elucidation of catabolic routes has revealed new complexity in jasmonate metabolism. Two integrated pathways attenuate signaling by turning over the active hormone jasmonoyl-isoleucine （JA-Ile） through w-oxidation or deconjugation, and define an indirect route forming the derivative 12OH-JA. Here, we provide evidence for a second 12OH-JA formation pathway by direct jasmonic acid （JA） oxidation. Three jasmonic acid oxidases （JAOs） of the 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase family catalyze spe- cific oxidation of JA to 12OH-JA, and their genes are induced by wounding or infection by the fungus botrytis cinerea. JA02 exhibits the highest basal expression, and its deficiency in jao2 mutants strongly enhanced antifungal resistance. The resistance phenotype resulted from constitutive expression of antimi- crobial markers rather than from their higher induction in infected jao2 plants and could be reversed by ectopic expression of any of the three JAOs injao2. Elevated defense injao2 was dependent on the activity of JASMONATE RESPONSE 1 （JAR1） and CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE 1 （COI1） but was not correlated with erihanced JA-Ile accumulation. Instead, jao2 mutant lines displayed altered accumulation of several JA species in healthy and challenged plants, suggesting elevated metabolic flux through JA-Ile. Collectively, these data identify the missing enzymes hydroxylating JA and uncover an important metabolic diversion mechanism for repressing basal JA defense responses.

关键词： 2-oxoglutarate oxygenase jasmonic acid defense regulation hormone metabolism botrytis

Zinc-mediated reactions on salicylaldehyde for botrytis cinerea control

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第3期31卷 706-710页

作者： Antoine Franche Claire Imbs Antoine Fayeulle Franck Merlier Muriel Billamboz Estelle Léonard Sorbonne University Universitéde technologie de CompiègneESCOMEA TIMR 4297Centre de recherche de RoyallieuCS 6031960203 Compiègne cedexFrance ESCOM UTCEA TIMR 42971 allée du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster60200 CompiègneFrance Sorbonne Universités Universitéde Technologie de CompiègneGénie Enzymatique et Cellulaire(GEC)UMR-CNRS 7025CS 6031960203 Compiègne CedexFrance Laboratoire de chimie durable et santé Yncrea Hauts-de-FranceHEI13 rue de Toul59046 Lille CedexFrance

botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungusth at a ffects various plant *** control is an ecessity and as much as possible,eco-friendly conditions and bioresources to obtain these chemicals should be *** this context,a series of products w as obtained from salicylaldehyde using zinc as a powerful reagent and tested for antifungal activity against botrytis cinerea.

关键词： Salicylaldehyde Zinc-mediated reactions Green solvents Alkoxymethylphenol PEG-cresol botrytis cinerea control

Effect of Trichoderma harzianumin Combination with Fungicides in Controlling Gray Mould Disease (botrytis cinerea) of Strawberry

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 651-665页

作者： Radwan M. Barakat Mohammad I. Al-Masri Plant Protection Research Center Faculty of Agriculture Hebron University Hebron Palestine

The effects of biofungicide formula containing the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum (Jn14) as wettable powder in combination with the fungicides pyrimethanil and a mixture of cyprodinil and flydioxonil on botrytis cinerea of strawberry in vitro, in vivo and in greenhouse were studied. The pathogen B. cinerea was more affected in vitro by low concentrations of the fungicides tested above 0.4 μg·ml-1 than the bioagent T. harzianum (Jn14). The later was almost insensitive to pyrimethanil. In the same direction, gray mould disease severity on strawberry detached leaves and whole plants was reduced up to 89% by the tested fungicides, compared to the control, while the application of T. harzianum (Jn14) alone reduced disease severity up to 45% on strawberry detached leaves, compared to the control. In the integrated control approach, the combination of T. harzianum (Jn14) with higher concentrations of the tested fungicides (ED50) completely inhibited strawberry gray mould disease severity in pots and the greenhouse.

关键词： Fungicides Trichoderma harzianum botrytis cinerea Gray Mould Strawberry

The Benefits of Exogenous NO: Enhancing Arabidopsisto Resist botrytis cinerea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 511-519页

作者： Hongyu Yang Xiaodan Zhao Jia Wu Min Hu Shaolei Xia 不详

botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that impacts a wide range of hosts, including Arabidopsis. Pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on Arabidopsis leaves suppressed botrytis cinerea infection development. Additionally, in this study the dosage levels of SNP applied to the leaves had no direct, toxic impact on the development of the pathogen. The relationship between NO and reactive oxidant species (ROS) was studied by using both spectrophotometrical methods and staining leaf material with fluorescent dyes, nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), and with 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB). The results showed that exogenous NO restrained the generation of ROS, especially H2O2, as the pathogen interacted with the Arabidopsis plant. And this inhibition of reactive oxidant burst coincided with delay infection development in NO-supplied leaves. The influence of elevated level of NO on antioxidant enzymes was investigated in this study. The activities of catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) were increased to different degrees in both: 1) SNP treated only leaves, and 2) SNP pretreated leaves that were subsequently inoculateted with pathogens. However, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was unchanged in the leaves studied. The decrease in H2O2 content probably resulted from the increase in activities of POD and CAT. Our study suggests that NO might trigger some metabolic reactions, i.e. enhanced enzyme activity that restrains H2O2 which ultimately results in resistance to B. cinerea infection.

关键词： Arabidopsis botrytis cinerea Nitric Oxide Antioxidant Enzyme Disease Resistance

botrytis cinerea蛋白磷酸酶的分离纯化及酶学性质

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农药 2011年第11期50卷 795-798页

作者：方夏李琳韩君芳吴芳毛雪萍陈小龙浙江工业大学生物与环境工程学院发酵工程研究所杭州310014

【目的】植物真菌病害灰霉病是由灰葡萄孢菌（Uotrytis cinerea）侵染引起，它在世界范围内造成了严重的经济损失。***易对化学药剂产生抗性，寻找更多对灰霉病有特效的生物农药是目前急需解决的难题。鉴于顺丁烯二酸酐类化合物良好的... 详细信息

【目的】植物真菌病害灰霉病是由灰葡萄孢菌（Uotrytis cinerea）侵染引起，它在世界范围内造成了严重的经济损失。***易对化学药剂产生抗性，寻找更多对灰霉病有特效的生物农药是目前急需解决的难题。鉴于顺丁烯二酸酐类化合物良好的生物活性，研究此类化合物对蛋白磷酸酶的抑制效果。【方法】将发酵优化后的***菌体经超声破碎、硫酸铵分级盐析、透析浓缩、DEAE—Sepharase离子交换层析等步骤分离纯化，并以SDS—PAGE验证酶纯度。考察所得纯酶的酶学性质，研究顺丁烯二酸酐类化合物对***蛋白磷酸酶的抑制作用。【结果】经分离纯化后，该酶SDS—PAGE为单一条带，提纯倍数达30．79倍，酶活回收率为39．26％。酶学特性研究结果表明其最适反应pH值为4．0，最适反应温度为37℃。该酶在pH值3．0～6．0，50℃以下内稳定。考察金属离子对***蛋白磷酸酶酶活的影响，发现Mg2＋、Fe2＋、Ca2＋、Ba2＋能提高该酶活性，Zn2＋Cu2＋、Mn2＋对酶活有抑制作用。以p-NPP为底物的酶动力学参数Vmax和Km分别为12．71mmol／（L·min）与12．84mmol／L。4种顺丁烯二酸酐类化合物对***蛋白磷酸酶的抑制作用由大到小排名为苯基马来酸酐、4,5-二氯邻苯二甲酸酐、二甲基马来酸酐、顺丁烯二酸酐。【结论】此酶分离纯化步骤少，减少了酶活损失。以纯化的蛋白磷酸酶为靶标，顺丁烯二酸酐类化合物对酶活抑制效果良好，可研究抑制灰霉病机理及作为生物源农药开发。

关键词： botrytis cinerea 蛋白磷酸酶分离纯化抑制

Arabidopsis NIMIN1,2 mediate redox homeostasis and JA/ET pathways to modulate botrytis cinerea resistance

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Oil Crop Science 2018年第1期3卷 63-69页

作者： Dian Wang Junyan Huang Yizhou He Gongke Zhou Shengyi Liu Guohua Chai Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture Qingdao Institute of BioE nergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of BiofuelsChinese Academy of Sciences Hubei University/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources

Arabidopsis NIM1-INTERACTING1 (NIMIN1) and NIMIN2 are required for salicylic acid (SA)-dependent resistance against biotrophic pathogens. In this study, we have demonstrated that NIMIN1, 2 are also essential for plant defense response to necrotrophic pathogen botrytis cinerea. The nimin1 and nimin2 mutants displayed a higher susceptibility against B. cinerea than the wild type, which correlated with a decrease in B. cinerea-induced PDF).2 expression. Mutation in NIMIN1 or NIMIN2 enhanced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) with reductions in the activities of three main antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) at the early time (24h) of upon B. cinerea infection. These mutations also resulted in a visible decrease in ***-induced Ethylene Responsive Factor 1 (ERF1), Octadecanoid-Responsive Arabidopsis AP2/ERF 59 (ORA59), Allene Oxide Cyclase (AOC3), Opda Reductase 3 (OPR3),ACC Synthesis 2 (ACS2) and ACS6 expression, but an advance in MYC2 expression,indicating that NIMIN1,2 are essential for B. cinerea-activated jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene(ET) biosynthesis and signaling. However, mutation in NIMIN1 or NIMIN2 drastically suppressed JA-, but not ET-activated PDF1.2 expression. Together, these results suggest that NIMIN1,2 may positively control the B. cinerea resistance by mediating redox homeostasis and JA/ET pathways in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Arabidopsis NIMIN1 2 botrytis cinerea JA/ET pathway redox homeostasis

Enhancement of defense responses by Clonostachys roseaagainst botrytis cinereain tomatoes

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 709-714页

作者： Liana Dalcantara Ongouya Mouekouba Aijie Wang Zhenzhu Zhang Kehinde O. Erinle Xiuling Chen Aoxue Wang Colleges of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Colleges of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China

Clonostachys rosea (C. rosea) is a biocontrol agent that is used to combat and prevent phytopathogenic fungi attacks because of its ability to involve many factors and diverse modes of action. The reactions of C. rosea on the control of gray mold disease in tomato leaves were investigated in this study. To investigate the reactions of C. rosea in inducing resistance to tomato plants, three treatments, including botrytis cinerea treatment (treatment B), C. rosea treatment (treatment C), C. rosea and B. cinerea treatment (treatment C + B) and water (control), to be applied on tomato leaves were set up. Disease severity was subsequently evaluated and compared with the control. The treatment of tomato leaves with C. rosea (15 μg/ml) significantly reduced the disease index after inoculation and severity of gray mold caused by botrytis cinerea. The results indicated that the C. rosea treatment stimulated the activity of the defense related enzymes: Peroxidases (POX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and glutathione S-transferases (GST), and the treatment C + B reduced the incidence and severity of the gray mold. Furthermore, C. rosea treatment increased the activity of pathogenesis related proteins PR1. Therefore, our results suggest that C. rosea could enhance the resistance of tomato plants to gray mold through the activation of defense genes and via the enhancement of defense-related enzymatic activities.

关键词： botrytis cinerea Clonostachys rosea Defense Enzymes Glutathione S-Transferases Li-poxygenases Peroxidases Pathogenesis Related

拮抗微生物防治仙客来灰霉菌botrytis cinerea的评估(英文)

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） 2009年第1期33卷 1-10页

作者：李德伟 John C.Sutton 加拿大圭尔夫大学环境生物系

以仙客来叶圆片方法对灰霉菌botrytis cinerea的生防效果进行了评估,结果发现Clonostachys rosea和Trichoderma koningii抑制***的效果达94%～100%,其效果优于所测试的从仙客来上分离的真菌和细菌的多数菌株。用整株仙客来测试生防菌效... 详细信息

以仙客来叶圆片方法对灰霉菌botrytis cinerea的生防效果进行了评估,结果发现Clonostachys rosea和Trichoderma koningii抑制***的效果达94%～100%,其效果优于所测试的从仙客来上分离的真菌和细菌的多数菌株。用整株仙客来测试生防菌效果表明,***在叶片、花瓣、叶柄和花梗上抑制***效果分别达96%、58%、53%、77%;而Trichoderma koningii的效果分别达100%、42%、100%、90%。以析因试验设计对***和***或***施用浓度在生防效果上的交互效应进行了测定,结果表明:当***的接种浓度是病原菌浓度的10倍或10倍以上时,其在叶片、花瓣、叶柄和花梗上抑制***的效果分别达73%～100%、52%～86%、100%、54%～68%;当***的接种浓度为106个/mL或以上时,其抑制***在仙客来(接种浓度为103～106个/mL时)各部分发生的效果分别为:叶片100%、叶柄62%～100%、花瓣38%～96%、花梗56%～100%。***在叶龄为2、3、5、6周的叶片上的生防效果更好,而在叶龄为4周的叶片上效果差些,在叶龄为1周的叶片上无效果。***在叶龄为1～6周的叶片上均可有效地抑制***的发生,抑制效果达89%～100%。***和***均是在温室内防治仙客来灰霉菌***的具潜力的有效生防菌,但***的防治效果显著地优于***的效果。

关键词：拮抗微生物生物防治 botrytis cinerea Clonostachys rosea 仙客来 Trichoderma koningii

HDA19调控拟南芥对真菌botrytis cineara的抗性反应

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广西植物 2017年第11期37卷 1355-1367页

作者：孙淑豪胡彦如余迪求中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带植物资源可持续利用重点实验室昆明650223

HDACs(Histone deacetylase)家族蛋白质负责组蛋白H3K4和H4K19脱乙酰化,并参与植物生长和应激反应的信号转导过程。茉莉酮酸酯Jasmonates(JA)是一种重要的天然植物激素,不仅调节植物生长和发育而且还参与植物对多种逆境胁迫响应的信号... 详细信息

HDACs(Histone deacetylase)家族蛋白质负责组蛋白H3K4和H4K19脱乙酰化,并参与植物生长和应激反应的信号转导过程。茉莉酮酸酯Jasmonates(JA)是一种重要的天然植物激素,不仅调节植物生长和发育而且还参与植物对多种逆境胁迫响应的信号转导和调控过程。但是,HDACs在植物中参与JA信号转导的具体机制目前还不是很清楚。该研究以HDA19(Histone deacetylase 19)为对象,探讨了HDACs在植物JA信号转导中的功能和作用。结果表明:HDA19的T-DNA插入纯合突变体在JA处理条件下没有出现明显的JA根长反应。在相同处理条件下,hda19的不同突变体株系与相同生态型背景的野生型植株(WT)花色素苷含量无显著差异,但下游JAZ1、VSP1等JA信号通路的标记基因都显著上调表达。同时,hda19相比于WT对真菌botrytis cineara的抗性显著增强,且hda19中下游基础防御标记基因PDF1.2、Thi2.1、ERF1等的表达水平显著高于WT。基于上述研究结果,该研究认为HAD19通过JA信号通路负调控拟南芥对真菌***的防御反应。

关键词： HDA19 JA botrytis cineara 生物胁迫